Masao Horino

Masao Horino (堀野 正雄, Horino Masao, 1907–2000) was one of the most prominent Japanese photographers in the first half of the 20th century in Japan.

He was born in Tokyo and graduated from Tokyo Higher Technical School (東京高等工業学校), now Tokyo Institute of Technology (東京工業大学).

He was a member of Shinkō Shashin Kenkyukai (新興写真研究会, , New Photography Research Society) which was founded by Sen'ichi Kimura (木村専一) in 1930.

In 1932, Horino published a monograph Camera, Eye x Iron, Construction (カメラ・眼×鉄・構成) which is one of the most important works for Japanese modern photography (Shinkō Shashin, 新興写真). This monograph consists of photographs of ships and architectures made of steel, such as bridges, tanks and towers, based on his own sense of beauty, "a beauty of machinery" (機械美学), derived directly from the theories of the art critic (photo critic) Takaho Itagaki (板垣鷹穂), using, for example, close-up and looking-up. Therefore, this work can be regarded as a collaboration between Horino and Itagaki. This work is as important as the monograph Métal by Germaine Krull in terms of the beauty of machinery.

Further, Horino published his work of documentary photography using montage technique in some magazines, such as the Character of Great Tokyo (Dai Tokyo no Seikaku, 大東京の性格. 1931, editing and design by Takaho Itagaki, Chūōkōron October issue) and Flowing through the City - Sumida River Album (Shutokanryū - Sumida-gawa no Arubamu, 首都貫流-墨田川のアルバム, 1931, editing and design by Tomoyoshi Murayama, Hanzai Kagaku December issue). No other photographer made such high-level documentary photographs before WWII.

Horino was one very important example of the earliest photographers to have a professional mind, like Yōnosuke Natori, although in Japan before WWII, most photographers were amateurs and took pictures only for their own inside world, not for the outside world.

In Europe and America the effects of the atomic bombs over Hiroshima and Nagasaki were not fully understood. The photos produced by Masao Horino contributed to the world wide cry for the bombs to never be used again.

After WWII, he founded the company Minicum manufacturing electronic flashguns for cameras and was absorbed in managing his own company rather than taking photographs.

References

• Kaneko Ryūichi. Modern Photography in Japan 1915-1940. San Francisco: Friends of Photography, 2001. ISBN 0-933286-74-0
• Tucker, Anne Wilkes, et al. The History of Japanese Photography. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2003. ISBN 0-300-09925-8
• Camera, Me x Tetsu, Kosei (Camera, Eye x Iron, Construction (カメラ・眼×鉄・構成)), Mokuseishashoin, 1932. Facsimile edition: Tokyo: Kokushokankōkai, 2005. ISBN 4-336-04486-4 The facsimile edition comes with short commentaries in both Japanese and English.
• (Japanese) Iizawa Kōtarō. Eyes for Cities, Japanese Photography in 1920s and 1930s (Toshi no Shisen, Nihon no Shashin 1920-30 nendai 都市の視線　日本の写真1920-30年代). Tokyo: Sōgensha (創元社), 1989 (ISBN 4-422-70054-5). Revised edition by Heibonsha (平凡社), 2005 (ISBN 4-582-76555-6)
• (Japanese) Recollection of Japanese colonists settled in Manchuria and Mongolia, 50 years ago (Manmokaitakudan no Kaiso, Sono Shuhen 50 nenmae no Kiseki, 満蒙開拓団の回想　その周辺50年前の軌跡), Masao Horino, published by Horino Yoko Kinen Shin'yo-kai Jimukyoku (堀野洋子記念親洋会事務局), 1993.
• (Japanese) Exhibition Catalogue for "Rhapsody of Modern Tokyo" (Modern Tokyo Kyoshi-kyoku モダン東京狂詩曲（ラプソディ）展), Tokyo Metropolitan Museum of Photography (東京都写真美術館), 1993. (You can see all pages of "Character of Great Tokyo" and "Flowing through the City - Sumida River Album" in this catalogue, though the reproductions are small.)
• (Japanese) Exhibition Catalogue for The Founding and Development of Modern Photography in Japan (日本近代写真の成立と展開展), Tokyo Metropolitan Museum of Photography (東京都写真美術館), 1995. (You can see all pages of Camera, Me x Tetsu, Kosei in this catalogue, though the reproductions are small.)
• (Japanese) Horino Masao (『堀野正雄』, Masao Horino). Nihon no shashinka (日本の写真家, , "Japanese Photographers"), vol. 9. Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten (岩波書店), 1997. ISBN 4-00-008352-X