Masovian dialect
| Masovian dialects | |
|---|---|
| dialekty mazowieckie | |
| Pronunciation | [mazɔˈvʲɛt͡skʲɛ] |
| Native to | Poland |
| Region | Mazovian Voivodeship, Podlaskie Voivodeship |
| Latin (Polish alphabet) | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| Glottolog | None |
| Linguasphere | 53-AAA-cc |
The Masovian dialect, also written Mazovian, is the dialect of Polish spoken in Mazovia and historically related regions, in northeastern Poland.[1] It is the most distinct of the Polish dialects and the most expansive.[1]
Masovian emerged in the process of mixing the Polish and the Mazovian language existing as a separate language well until 20th century, according to various scholars.[2][3][4][5][6][7] Mazovian dialects may exhibit such features as mazurzenie, liaison (intervocallic voicing of obstruents on word boundaries), and asynchronous palatal pronunciation of labial consonants (so-called softening). The Kurpie region has some of the most distinctive phonetic features due to isolation. Characteristics include:
- Depalatalization of velars before /ɛ/ and palatalization of velars before /ɛ̃ /; e.g. standard Polish rękę, nogę ('arm', 'leg', in the accusative case) is rendered [ˈreŋkʲe], [ˈnogʲe] respectively instead of [ˈrɛŋke], [ˈnɔge];
- /li/ sequences realized [lɪ] instead of [lʲi];
- merger of the retroflex series sz, ż, cz, dź into the alveolar s, z, c, dz;
- /ɨ/ > /i/ before certain consonants;
- the Old Polish dual number marker -wa continues to be attached to verbs;
- the open-mid vowels /ɛ, ɔ/ are realized as close-mid [e, o];
- Standard Polish /ɔ̃/ and /ɛ̃/ merged with /u/ and /a/ respectively, in most situations;
- certain instances of a > e;
- [mʲ] > [ɲ]
Masovian dialects also contain certain vocabulary that is distinct from the standard Polish language and shares common characteristics with the Kashubian language.[8]
Subdialects
Mazovian dialects include but are not limited to subdialects[9] of:
-
- Białystok dialect (Polish: gwara białostocka)
- Suwałki dialect (Polish: gwara suwalska)
- Warmia dialect (Polish: gwara warmińska)
- Kurpie dialect (Polish: gwara kurpiowska)
- Masurian dialect (Polish: gwara mazurska)
- Malbork-Lubawa dialect (Polish: gwara malborsko-lubawska)
- Ostróda dialect (Polish: gwara ostródzka)
- Near Mazovian dialect (Polish: gwara mazowsze bliższe)
- Far Mazovian dialect (Polish: gwara mazowsze dalsze)
- Warsaw dialect (Polish: gwara warszawska)
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ http://www.polona.pl/Content/863/ocr.txt
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- ↑ Halina Karas, Gwary Polskie, Dialects and gwary in Poland
Bibliography
- Barbara Bartnicka (red.): Polszczyzna Mazowsza i Podlasia. Łomża-Warszawa 1993.
- Anna Basara: Studia nad wokalizmem w gwarach Mazowsza. Wrocław-Warszawa-Kraków 1965.
- Anna Cegieła: Polski Słownik terminologii i gwary teatralnej. Wrocław 1992.
- Jadwiga Chludzińska-Świątecka: Ze studiów nad słowotwórstwem gwar mazowieckich. Poradnik Językowy, z. 6, 1961, s. 253-258.
- Karol Dejna: Dialekty polskie. Ossolineum 1993.
- Barbara Falińska (red.): Gwary Mazowsza, Podlasia i Suwalszczyzny.ɴ I. Filipów, pow. Suwałki, Białystok, 2004.
- Województwo płockie. Uniwersytet Łódzki, Łódź-Płock 1984.
