Mayor of Los Angeles

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Mayor of the City of Los Angeles
100px
Flag of Los Angeles, California.svg
Style Her Honor
Residence Getty House
Term length Four years (renewable once)
Inaugural holder Alpheus P. Hodges
Formation 1850
Salary $269,365
Website www.lamayor.org

The mayor of the City of Los Angeles is the official head and chief executive officer of Los Angeles. The officeholder is elected for a four-year term and is limited to serving no more than two terms. (Under the Constitution of California, all judicial, school, county and city offices are nonpartisan.)

Forty-two men and one woman have been mayor since 1850, when California became a state following the American Conquest of California. Between 1781 and the conquest, Californios, or native-born residents of the Mexican territory, served as alcalde, equivalent to mayor. Karen Bass has been the mayor since taking office on December 12, 2022.[1]

Duties and powers

Los Angeles has a council form of government, giving the mayor the position of chief executive of the city. The mayor appoints general managers and commissioners, removes officials from city posts, and proposes a yearly budget. Most of the mayor's appointments and proposals are subject to approval by the City Council. The mayor has the power to veto or to approve certain City Council actions.[2]

The organization of the mayor's office changes with administration, but is almost always governed by a chief of staff, deputy chief of staff, director of communications, and several deputy mayors. Each mayor organizes their office into different offices, usually containing the Los Angeles Housing Team, Los Angeles Business Team, International Trade Office, Mayor's Volunteer Corps, and Office of Immigrant Affairs, among other divisions.[3]

The mayor has an office in the Los Angeles City Hall[4] and resides at the mayor's mansion, Getty House, located in Windsor Square.[5] As of 2017, the mayor received a salary of $248,141.[6]

Election

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See also: List of Los Angeles municipal election returns

The mayor is elected in citywide election. Elections follow a two-round system. The first round of the election is called the primary election. The candidate receiving a majority of the vote in the primary is elected outright. If no candidate receives a majority, the top two candidates advance to a runoff election, called the general election. The city charter allows for write-in candidates for the primary election, but not for the runoff in the general election. The mayor is elected to a four-year term, with a limit of two consecutive terms.[7] The office of mayor is officially nonpartisan by state law, although most mayoral candidates identify a party preference.[8]

Elections for mayor were held in odd-numbered years from 1909 until 2013. In October 2014, the Los Angeles City Council recommended consolidating city elections with gubernatorial and presidential elections in even-numbered years in an effort to increase turnout.[9][10] On March 3, 2015, voters passed a charter amendment to extend the term of the mayor elected in 2017 to five and a half years. From 2022 and onward, mayoral elections will be consolidated with the statewide gubernatorial elections held every four years.[11]

The most recent election was held in November 2022. Politician Karen Bass defeated businessman Rick Caruso.

Succession

In the case of an office vacancy, the city council has a choice to appoint a new mayor or to hold a special election. The replacement, if appointed, will serve until the next regularly scheduled primary for a city general election. If any portion remains on the term, a special election will be held to elect a candidate to serve the remainder of the term.[7]

The mayor is subject to recall by registered voters if at least 15 percent of eligible voters sign a recall petition within 120 days of the first day of circulation. If the petition is successful, a special election is held asking whether the incumbent should be removed and who among a list of candidates should replace the incumbent. If the recall is successful, the replacement candidate with the majority of votes succeeds the ousted incumbent. If no replacement candidate receives a majority of the votes, a special runoff election is held between the top two candidates.[7]

List of mayors of Los Angeles

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For pre-statehood mayors, see List of pre-statehood mayors of Los Angeles.

As of April 2024, 42 men have been mayor or alcalde since the Spanish days. Six served non-consecutive terms, the first of which began in 1854 and the last of which ended in 1921. Those who served non-consecutive terms are counted just once. Stephen Clark Foster was appointed mayor in 1848 before California statehood and the city's incorporation.[citation needed]

The longest length of service was that of Tom Bradley (twenty years). Not counting city council presidents who served briefly as acting mayors, the shortest term was that of William Stephens, for less than two weeks after Arthur Cyprian Harper resigned. Two mayors died in office: Henry Mellus and Frederick A. MacDougall.

As for ethnic or national background, four Latinos have been mayor since incorporation: Antonio F. Coronel, Cristóbal Aguilar, Antonio Villaraigosa, and Eric Garcetti. Manuel Requena was acting mayor post-statehood in his role as city council president. Tom Bradley, the city's longest-serving mayor, was the only African American. Two French Canadians were in the office — Damien Marchesseault and Prudent Beaudry.

This list includes three presidents of the City Council who served as acting mayor because of a vacancy in the office but who were not officially appointed as mayor. Council presidents are not included in the count of mayors.

Stephen Clark Foster, the fifth officeholder, was appointed mayor in 1848 before the city's incorporation.
Prudent Beaudry, the 13th officeholder, was the second French-Canadian in the office, the first being Damien Marchesseault.
Meredith Snyder, the 23rd officeholder, served three separate terms.
Fred Eaton, the 24th officeholder, was instrumental in developing the Los Angeles Aqueduct..
Thomas Bradley, the 38th officeholder, was the city's longest-serving mayor and Los Angeles' first African American mayor.
File:Mayor Karen Bass official portrait (crop 2).jpg
Karen Bass, the 43rd and current officeholder, is the first African American woman to hold the office.
# Portrait Mayor Term start Term end Terms   Party
1 Alpheus P. Hodges July 1, 1850 May 7, 1851 1
2 70px Benjamin Davis Wilson May 7, 1851 May 4, 1852 1
3 70px John G. Nichols May 4, 1852 May 3, 1853 1 Democratic
4 70px Antonio F. Coronel May 3, 1853 May 4, 1854 1 Democratic
5 Stephen Clark Foster.jpg Stephen C. Foster (2nd)[a] May 4, 1854 January 13, 1855 ​1⁄2[b] Democratic
Vacant (January 13, 1855–January 25, 1855)
(5) Stephen Clark Foster.jpg Stephen C. Foster (3rd)[c] January 25, 1855 May 9, 1855 ​1⁄2[b] Democratic
6 Dr. Thomas Foster May 9, 1855 May 7, 1856 1 Democratic
(5) Stephen Clark Foster.jpg Stephen C. Foster (4th)[c] May 7, 1856 September 22, 1856 ​1⁄2[d] Democratic
— 70px Manuel Requena† (3rd)[e] September 22, 1856 October 4, 1856 Partial[d] Republican
(3) 70px John G. Nichols (2nd)[c] October 4, 1856 May 9, 1859 ​2 1⁄2 Democratic
7 70px Damien Marchesseault May 9, 1859 May 9, 1860 1 Democratic
8 70px Henry Mellus May 9, 1860 December 26, 1860 ​1⁄2[f] Democratic
— 70px Wallace Woodworth† December 26, 1860 January 7, 1861 Partial[f] Democratic
(7) 70px Damien Marchesseault (2nd)[c] January 7, 1861 May 6, 1865 ​4 1⁄2 Democratic
9 70px Jose Mascarel May 5, 1865 May 10, 1866 1 Republican
10 70px Cristóbal Aguilar May 10, 1866 May 8, 1867 1 Democratic
(7) 70px Damien Marchesseault (3rd)[c] May 8, 1867 August 8, 1867 Partial[g] Democratic
(10) 70px Cristóbal Aguilar (2nd)[c] August 8, 1867 December 7, 1868 1[g] Democratic
11 Joel Turner December 9, 1868 December 9, 1870 2 Democratic
(10) 70px Cristóbal Aguilar (3rd)[c] December 9, 1870 December 5, 1872 2 Democratic
12 70px James R. Toberman December 5, 1872 December 18, 1874 2 Democratic
13 Portret Prudenta Beaudry'ego.jpg Prudent Beaudry December 18, 1874 December 8, 1876 2
14 70px Frederick A. MacDougall December 8, 1876 November 16, 1878 2[h] Democratic
Vacant (November 16, 1878–November 21, 1878)
15 Bernard Cohn November 21, 1878 December 5, 1878 Partial[h] Democratic
(12) 70px James R. Toberman (2nd)[c] December 5, 1878 December 9, 1882 4 Democratic
16 70px Cameron E. Thom December 9, 1882 December 9, 1884 2 Democratic
17 70px Edward F. Spence December 9, 1884 December 14, 1886 2 Republican
18 70px William H. Workman December 14, 1886 December 10, 1888 2 Democratic
19 Portret Johna Brysona.jpg John Bryson December 10, 1888 February 25, 1889 1[i] Democratic
20 Portret Henry'ego Hazarda.jpg Henry T. Hazard February 25, 1889 December 5, 1892 2 Republican
— 70px William H. Bonsall† December 5, 1892 December 12, 1892 Partial[j] Republican
21 70px Thomas E. Rowan December 12, 1892 December 12, 1894 1 Democratic
22 Portret Franka Radera.jpg Frank Rader December 12, 1894 December 16, 1896 1 Republican
23 Portret Mereditha P. Snydera.jpg Meredith P. Snyder December 16, 1896 December 15, 1898 1 Democratic
24 Fred-Eaton-inoffice.jpg Fred Eaton December 15, 1898 December 12, 1900 1 Republican
(23) Portret Mereditha P. Snydera.jpg Meredith P. Snyder (2nd)[c] December 12, 1900 December 8, 1904 2 Democratic
25 Owen McAleer.jpg Owen McAleer December 8, 1904 December 13, 1906 1 Republican
26 ArthurCyprianHarper.jpg Arthur C. Harper December 13, 1906 March 11, 1909 ​1⁄2[k] Democratic
27 70px William D. Stephens March 15, 1909 March 26, 1909 Partial[k] Republican
28 LAmayor-GeorgeAlexander.jpg George Alexander March 26, 1909 July 1, 1913 ​2 1⁄2 Republican
29 70px Henry R. Rose July 1, 1913 July 1, 1915 1 Republican
30 Portet Charlesa Sebastiana.jpg Charles E. Sebastian July 1, 1915 September 2, 1916 ​1⁄2[l] Democratic
31 70px Frederic T. Woodman September 5, 1916 July 1, 1919 ​1 1⁄2[l] Republican
(23) Portret Mereditha P. Snydera.jpg Meredith P. Snyder (3rd)[c] July 1, 1919 July 1, 1921 1 Democratic
32 70px George E. Cryer July 1, 1921 July 1, 1929 3 Republican
33 70px John C. Porter July 1, 1929 July 1, 1933 1 Democratic
34 70px Frank L. Shaw July 1, 1933 September 26, 1938 ​1 1⁄2[m] Republican[12]
35 70px Fletcher Bowron September 26, 1938 July 1, 1953 ​3 1⁄2[m] Republican
36 70px C. Norris Poulson July 1, 1953 July 1, 1961 2 Republican
37 70px Samuel W. Yorty July 1, 1961 July 1, 1973 3 Democratic
38 70px Thomas Bradley July 1, 1973 July 1, 1993 5 Democratic
39 70px Richard J. Riordan July 1, 1993 July 1, 2001 2 Republican
40 70px James K. Hahn July 1, 2001 July 1, 2005 1 Democratic
41 70px Antonio Villaraigosa July 1, 2005 July 1, 2013 2 Democratic
42 70px Eric Garcetti July 1, 2013 December 11, 2022 2[n] Democratic
43 70px Karen Bass December 12, 2022 Incumbent Democratic

† Council presidents who temporarily served as acting mayor in case of a vacancy but were not officially appointed to the position are not included in the count of mayors.

See also

Notes

  • a Stephen Clark Foster previously served as mayor of Los Angeles under United States military rule prior to official incorporation.[13]
  • b On January 13, 1855, Stephen Clark Foster resigned as mayor to lead a lynch mob. After the lynching, Foster was reelected as mayor in a special election and returned to office for the remainder of his term.[13]
  • c In cases where the same person served non-consecutive terms as mayor, the city only counts one mayoralty.
  • d On September 22, 1856, Stephen Clark Foster resigned as mayor to attend to the executorship of the estate of his brother-in-law.[13] City Council president Manuel Requena served as acting mayor until a special election could be held. Requena's term as acting mayor is not counted as an official mayoralty.[14]
  • e Manuel Requena previously served two terms as Alcalde of Los Angeles under Independent Mexican rule prior to California statehood in the United States.[14]
  • f On December 26, 1860, Henry Mellus died in office. City Council president Wallace Woodworth served as acting mayor until a special election could be held. Woodworth's term as acting mayor is not counted as an official mayoralty.
  • g On May 8, 1867, Damien Marchesseault assumed the office of mayor, interrupting the term of Cristóbal Aguilar. After three months, Marchesseault was deposed and Aguilar was restored as mayor.
  • h On November 16, 1878, Frederick A. MacDougal died in office. Bernard Cohn was appointed as mayor until a special election could be held.[15]
  • i John Bryson's term lasted a little over two months before he was legislated out of service with the adoption of a new city charter.
  • j City Council president William Hartshorn Bonsall served as acting mayor for a week during the vacancy between the terms of Henry T. Hazard and Thomas E. Rowan. Bonsall's term as acting mayor is not counted as an official mayoralty.
  • k On March 11, 1909, Arthur Harper was forced to resign in the wake of a recall drive. William Stephens was appointed mayor for less than two weeks until a new election could be held.
  • l On September 2, 1916, Charles Sebastian resigned as mayor amid personal scandal. Frederick Woodman was appointed to finish the balance of Sebastian's term and later was elected to a full term in his own right.
  • m On September 16, 1938, Frank Shaw was successfully recalled from office amid allegations of corruption. Fletcher Bowron was elected to take Shaw's place.
  • n Due to a change in the city's election calendar to align mayoral elections with statewide elections, Garcetti's second term was five years and six months instead of the usual four years.

References

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  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ California Constitution, Article II, Section 6 Archived 2010-10-08 at the Wayback Machine
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  12. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  15. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

External links

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