Mazagran (coffee beverage)

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Mazagran (also called café mazagran, formerly spelled masagran)[1] is a cold, sweetened coffee beverage that originated in Algeria.[1] Portuguese versions may use espresso, lemon and rum, and Austrian versions are served with an ice cube and include rum. Sometimes a fast version is achieved by pouring a previously sweetened espresso in a cup with ice cubes and a slice of lemon. Mazagran has been described as "the original iced coffee".[2]

History and origin

It has been stated that the drink's name probably originated from a fortress named Mazagran in Algiers, Algeria[3] which in 1837 through the Treaty of Tafna was granted to France.[1] At the Mazagran fortress French colonial troops consumed the beverage, which was prepared with coffee syrup and cold water.[2] It has also been stated that the drink's name and invention may have originated from French Foreign Legion soldiers[4] who, during the time of the siege of Mazagran, Algeria during the 1840 war,[5] used water in their coffee in the absence of milk or brandy and drank the beverage cold to counter the heat.[4][6] Furthermore, French colonial troops near Mazagran were served a beverage prepared with coffee syrup and water.[1] When the soldiers returned to Paris, they suggested to cafés to serve the beverage and the notion of it being served in tall glasses.[1] Upon this introduction, the beverage was named café mazagran.[1] In France, coffee served in glasses is referred to as "mazagrin".[7]

Preparation and varieties

Mazagran is prepared with strong, hot coffee that is poured over ice, and it is typically served in a narrow, tall glass.[1][6][8] It has also been described as "coffee taken with water instead of milk", in which coffee is served in a tall glass along with a separate container of water to mix in with the coffee.[6]

The beverage has also been described as sweetened "Portuguese iced coffee" that is prepared with strong coffee or espresso served over ice with lemon.[9] Sometimes rum is added to Portuguese versions of the beverage, and it may be sweetened with sugar syrup.[9]

In Austria, mazagran coffee is served with an ice cube and prepared with rum. The beverage is typically downed "in one gulp".[10]

In Catalonia, is made with ice coffee and lemon.[10]

In the mid 1990s, Starbucks and PepsiCo developed a line of flavored carbonated mazagran beverages named "Mazagran" that were prepared with coffee.[4][11] After a short trial run in California in 1994, the beverage was discontinued after failing to catch-on with consumers[4][11][12] A useful new by-product of Starbucks' research and development of mazagran was a coffee extract that could be used in various coffee-flavored products.[11] The coffee extract was later used in the preparation of pre-mixed, bottled Starbucks' frappuccino beverages that are sold in grocery stores.[11] The extract is also used in the company's bottled double shot and iced coffee beverages.[12]

See also

References

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Further reading

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