Minye Kyawswa I of Ava

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This article is about King Minyekyawswa. See Minyekyawswa for the crown prince and commander-in-chief of Ava. For other people named Minyekyawswa, see Minyekyawswa (disambiguation).
Minye Kyawswa I of Ava
မင်းရဲကျော်စွာ (အင်းဝ)
King of Ava
Reign May 1439 – January/February 1442
Predecessor Mohnyin Thado
Successor Narapati I
Born 18 December 1410
Thursday, 9th waning of Pyatho 772 ME
Mohnyin
Died January/February 1442 (aged 31)
Tabodwe 803 ME[1]
Ava (Inwa)
Consort Min Hla Nyet[2]
Issue Min Mya Hnit
Myat Hpone Pyo[3]
House Mohnyin
Father Mohnyin Thado
Mother Shin Myat Hla
Religion Theravada Buddhism

Minye Kyawswa I of Ava (Burmese: မင်းရဲကျော်စွာ (အင်းဝ), pronounced: [mɪ́ɴjɛ́ tɕɔ̀zwà]; also spelled Minyekyawswa; 1410–1442) was king of Ava from 1439 to 1442. He spent all of his 3-year reign asserting his rule over his kingdom, and defending against raids by the Shan State of Mogaung. He recovered Toungoo in 1441, which had successfully revolted his father Mohnyin Thado's rule in 1437. He died at Ava in January 1442 while his forces were laying siege to Mogaung.[4] He was succeeded by his brother Narapati, the viceroy of Prome.[5]

Early life

Minye Kyawswa was born to Mohnyin Thado, then Governor of Mohnyin, and his wife (later chief queen) Shin Myat Hla on 18 December 1410[note 1] in Mohnyin (modern Kachin State). He was the eldest child of the couple's four children. He had a younger brother (later Narapati I of Ava) and two younger sisters. Later in his teenage years, he was made ruler of a small region in Mohnyin called Mo-Shwe by his father, governor of Mohnyin. When his father became king of Ava in 1426, Minye Kyawswa was made heir-apparent, and was given Salin, Saku, and Legaing districts in fief.[2]

Reign

Minye Kyawswa's short reign was the archetypal reign of the successive Ava kings in that each king would have to reestablish his rule over his territory. One his first acts as king was to mediate in a conflict between the saophas (sawbwas, chiefs) of Kale and Mohnyin, and to reassert his rule over the two Shan States, which had been under Ava's suzerainty since the reign of King Minkhaung I. He sent an army to the north. When the expedition arrived at Myedu both chieftains submitted to Ava in fear that the other one would gain the upper hand by submitting first. He installed his brothers-in-law as new saophas.

After securing the loyalty of Kale and Mohnyin, the king quickly turned to the territories much closer to Ava. Toungoo (Taungoo) had been in revolt since 1437 with Hanthawaddy Pegu's backing, and the regions around Toungoo such as Taungdwingyi, Yamethin, and Pinle also raised rebellions when he became king. In late 1440, he sent his armies to reclaim the rebellious regions. They could not take well-defended Pinle and Yamethin but took Taungdwingyi. Most importantly, Ava recovered Toungoo in 1442 after a pitched battle in which the ruler of Toungoo was killed in an elephant duel.[4]

Pinle and Yamethin stayed out of Ava's control for the remainder of his reign as the king had to defend against renewed Shan raids starting in 1441. By the late 1430s, Thonganbwa, the saopha of Mogaung, had gained control of a large swath of territory between Chinese controlled Yunnan and central Burma. His capital Mogaung was just a short distance away from Ava-controlled Mohnyin. In 1440, Thohanbwa launched several raids into both Ava and Yunnan. In response, Minye Kyawswa sent his brother-in-laws, the Burmese governors of Mohnyin and Kale, to attack Mogaung. In 1441, Ava forces laid siege to Mogaung, which was heavily fortified. While the siege dragged on, the king died at Ava in January/February 1442.[4]

Ancestry

Ancestry of King Minye Kyawswa
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 8. Min Pale of Paukmyaing
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 4. Saw Diga of Mye-Ne
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 9. Shwe Einthe of Paukmyaing
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 2. Mohnyin Thado
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 10. Saw Mon Nit of Nyaungyan
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 5. Saw Pale of Nyaungyan
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 11. unnamed
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1. Minye Kyawswa
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 12. Thihapate I of Taungdwin
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 6. Thihapate II of Taungdwin
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 13. Saw Pale of Pinya
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 3. Shin Myat Hla of Ava
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 14. Thettawshay of Myinsaing
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 7. Princess of Myinsaing
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 15. unnamed
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Notes

  1. ↑ Zatadawbon Yazawin (Zata 1960: 76) says he was born on Thursday, 22nd nekkhat (24th day) of the 10th month (Pyatho) of 763 ME, which translates to Wednesday, 28 December 1401. But per Hmannan Yazawin (Hmannan Vol. 2 2003: 81), his parents were married only in late 1409/early 1410, and he was born in year 1410 (not 1401). Indeed, 9th waning of Pyatho 772 gives Thursday, 18 December 1410.

References

  1. ↑ (Hmannan Vol. 2 2003: 80): Tabodwe 803 ME = 12 January 1442 to 9 February 1442
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Hmannan Vol. 2 2003: 61–62
  3. ↑ Hmannan Vol. 2 2003: 84
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Fernquest 2006: 61–63
  5. ↑ Phayre 1967: 84–85

Bibliography

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Minye Kyawswa I of Ava
Born: 18 December 1410 Died: January/February 1442
Regnal titles
Preceded by King of Ava
May 1439 – January//February 1442		 Succeeded by
Narapati
Royal titles
Preceded by Heir to the Burmese Throne
7 May 1427 – May 1439		 Succeeded by
Narapati

fr:Minyekyawswa

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