Monotube steam generator
A Monotube steam generator is a type of steam generator consisting of a single tube, usually in a multi-layer spiral, that forms a Once Through Steam Generator (OTSG). The first of these was the Herreshoff steam generator of 1873.[1]
Principles
For the sake of efficiency, it is desirable to minimise the steam content of the generator. Heat can then be transferred efficiently into liquid water, rather than into low-density steam. Monotube steam generators may either boil gradually along their length, usually pumped circulation systems,[2] but where this boiling does not disrupt the circulation. Otherwise they can use the Benson supercritical system, where the pressure is sufficient to prevent boiling (within the heated volume) altogether.[3]
Examples
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Examples of Monotube steam generators include:
- industrial steam generators [4]
- the water-tube boilers of the monotube type used in steam cars, such as:
- AMC
- Doble
- Gardner-Serpollet
- Locomobile Company of America
- White, US patent 659,837 of 1900 [5]
Flash boilers
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A Flash boiler is a particular type of low-water-content monotube boiler. Modern use is confined to model steam boats but, historically, flash boilers were used in Gardner-Serpollet steam cars.
See also
References
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- ↑ http://www.babcock.com/library/pdf/br-1658.pdf
- ↑ Clayton Thermal Products UK - Steam Generators Principle of Operation
- ↑ http://whitesteamcar.com/White_Steam_Car_Registry/Patents_files/Steam%20Generator%20%28US%20Pat%20659837%29.pdf
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