Motiur Rahman Nizami

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Motiur Rahman Nizami
220px
Nizami
Leader of Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami
In office
2000–2016
Preceded by Ghulam Azam
Minister of Agriculture
In office
10 October 2001 – 22 May 2003
Minister of Industries
In office
22 May 2003 – 28 October 2006
Member of Parliament
for Pabna-1
In office
1 October 2001 – 28 October 2006
Preceded by Professor Abu Sayed
Succeeded by Md. Shamsul Haque
Majority 135,982 (57.68%)
In office
27 February 1991 – 16 February 1996
Succeeded by Abu Sayed
Majority 55,707 (36.85%)
Personal details
Born (1943-03-31)31 March 1943
Santhia Upazila, Pabna, Bengal Presidency, British India
Died Script error: The function "death_date_and_age" does not exist.
Dhaka, Bangladesh
Political party Jamaat-e-Islami
Spouse(s) Shamsunnahar Nizami
Alma mater University of Dhaka
Profession Politician, scholar
Religion Islam

Motiur Rahman Nizami (Bengali: মতিউর রহমান নিজামী; 31 March 1943 – 11 May 2016)[1][2] was a Bangladeshi politician, preacher and the former leader of the Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami. He was the Member of Parliament of Pabna constituency from 1991 to 1996 and again from 2001 to 2006.[1] He also served as the Bangladeshi Minister of Agriculture and Minister of Industry. On 29 October 2014, he was convicted and sentenced to death for war crimes in 1971 liberation war of Bangladesh by the International Crimes Tribunal of Bangladesh.[3] It has been considered that he was the supreme commander of the militia group Al-Badr during the Bangladesh Liberation War.[4]

While various political entities and international organizations[5] had originally welcomed the trials,[6][7][8] in November 2011 Human Rights Watch criticized the government for aspects of their progress, lack of transparency, and reported harassment of defense lawyers and witnesses representing the accused.[9][10][11] Nizami was the last high-profile suspect to be tried for 1971 war crimes; the court delayed his verdict in June 2014 because of the state of his health.[12]

In 2004, Nizami was convicted under separate charges for arms trafficking to the state of Assam, India and was sentenced to death, along with 13 other men in January 2014.[13]

He was hanged at Dhaka Central Jail on 11 May 2016.[14] He is the third minister of Bangladesh to be hanged.[15] He was frequently listed on The 500 Most Influential Muslims.[16][17]

Early life and education

Nizami was born on 31 March 1943 in the village of Monmothpur of Santhia Upazila at Pabna. His father was Lutfur Rahman Khan. He completed his secondary education at a madrasa. In 1963, he got his Kamil degree in Islamic jurisprudence from Madrasa-e-Alia in Dhaka. He earned his bachelor's from the University of Dhaka in 1967.[1]

Political career

Nizami rose in the ranks of the East Pakistan branch of Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan in the 1960s, having led the student organization, Islamic Chhatro Shango (now Islami Chhatro Shibir). After the independence of Bangladesh, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the first president, banned Jamaat from political participation as it had opposed the liberation, and many of its members collaborated with the Pakistan Army during the conflict. Nizami and some other top leaders left the country.

Following the assassination by military officers of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman in August 1975, Ziaur Rahman became president in a coup in 1977. He permitted top Jamaat leaders,[18] such as Ghulam Azam and Nizami,[citation needed] to return to Bangladesh in 1978; they revived the Jamaat party, which became the largest Islamist party in the country. Nizami emerged as a key leader of the Jamaat, organising the Islami Chhatra Shibir (Jammat Students Organisation), which serves as the youth wing of the Jamaat.

In 1991, he was elected as a Member of Parliament, representing Jamaat-e-Islami for the constituency of Pabna-1; he was Jamaat's Parliamentary Party leader until 1994.[19] During the 1996 elections, he lost to the candidates of both the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP), an ally of Jamaat, and the Awami League in his constituency. Professor Abu Sayed of the Awami League gained his seat.

In 1971, Nizami was chief of infamous Al-Badr militia.[20] Along with Pakistan army, this militia prepared a plan to abduct and kill Bengali intellectuals. They have massacred lots of professors, journalists, litterateurs, doctors and pro-liberation people.[21][22]

Leader of Jamaat-e-Islami

Nizami took over as the leader of Jamaat from Ghulam Azam in 2001.[23] In the same year, representing his party as part of a four-party alliance including BNP, Nizami won a seat in Parliament in Pabna-1, receiving 57.68% of the votes.[24] From 2001 to 2003, he served as the Minister of Agriculture, then as the Minister of Industry from 2003 to 2006.

Nizami was defeated in the December 2008 general election as a candidate of the Four-Party Alliance, losing his seat for Pabna-1 to Md. Shamsul Haque of the Awami League. Nizami received 45.6% of the votes. The Awami League took two-thirds of the seats in Parliament.

Controversies

Allegations of corruption

In May 2008, the Anti-corruption Commission of Bangladesh indicted Nizami in the GATCO Corruption case, in which he along with several other politicians are alleged to have illegally granted a container-depot contract to the local firm GATCO.[25] A warrant was issued to arrest Nizami along with 12 others on May 15, 2008.

Nizami was charged with conspiring with 12 other politicians to award the contract to GATCO although the company did not meet the conditions of the tender. The prosecution alleged that the deal with GATCO caused a total loss of more than 100 million Bangladeshi Taka to the Government.[26] Nizami denied the charges and said they were politically motivated.[27] He was released after two months on bail.

Religious charges

In a public speech on March 17, 2010, the Dhaka Jamaat chief, Rafiqul Islam, compared Nizami's life to that of the Prophet Muhammad, persisting in the face of persecution. On March 21, the Bangladesh Tariqat Federation sued Rafiqul, Nizami and other Jamaat members "for hurting Islamic sentiments of the masses by comparing Nizami with the Prophet".[28]

Nizami, along with three other senior Jamaat leaders, was arrested on charges on March 29, 2010.[29] He secured bail the next day and appealed for dismissal of the case on February 14, 2011. The High Court adjourned the case for four months in March 2011.[29]

Smuggling charges

On May 4, 2011, Nizami was arrested on allegations of smuggling arms to Assamese insurgents in India in 2004.[30] His bail petition on 7 September 2011 was denied.[31]

On January 30, 2014, Nizami and 13 co-conspirators were sentenced to death by hanging after being found guilty of smuggling arms.[32]

International Crimes Tribunal

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File:গণজাগরণ মঞ্চ - GonoJagoron Moncho, Demanding Death Penalty of Motiur Rahman Nizami (02).jpg
GonoJagoron Moncho is demanding death penalty of Motiur Rahman Nizami on May 04, 2016.

In 2009, the Awami League-led Bangladesh government established a tribunal in Bangladesh to investigate those suspected of committing atrocities during Bangladesh Liberation War in 1971. Nizami and eight other leaders of Jamaat-e-Islami were charged with war crimes by the prosecution, as were two leaders of the Bangladesh National Party. Opposition parties and human rights groups alleged political interference in the trial, given that all the accused were leading opposition politicians.[33] Nizami was the last high-profile suspect to be tried for 1971 war crimes; the court delayed his verdict in June 2014 because of the state of his health.[12] On 29 October 2014, it was announced that Nizami had been sentenced to death for war crimes committed during the 1971 independence war against Pakistan.[34]

Death

Nizami was hanged at a prison in Dhaka, just days after the nation's highest court dismissed his final appeal to overturn the death sentence for atrocities committed during the country's 1971 war. He was hanged just before midnight (1800 GMT) after he refused to seek mercy from the President of Bangladesh. He was executed between 11:50 pm and 12:01 am midnight.[35]

Reaction

 Pakistan:Pakistan's foreign office said in statement that "Pakistan is deeply saddened over the hanging of the emir of Jamaat-i-Islami Bangladesh, Mr Motiur Rahman Nizami, for the alleged crimes committed before December 1971. His only sin was upholding the constitution and laws of Pakistan".[36]

 Turkey:Turkey condemns execution of Moti ur Rehman Nizami[37]and withdraw Turkish Ambassador from Bangladesh.[38]

See also

References

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  12. 12.0 12.1 "Bangladesh war crimes: verdict on Jamaat-e- Islami chief Motiur Rahman Nizami deferred", DNA India, 24 June 2014
  13. "Bangladesh Islamist leader Motiur Rahman Nizami to hang", BBC News, 30 January 2014, accessed 5 October 2014
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  19. Biography, Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh.
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  23. "Prof. Ghulam Azam Retires", Islamic Voice, December 2006.
  24. "Online Election Results for Pabna-1" Archived July 7, 2011 at the Wayback Machine, BD Needs.
  25. "Bangladesh orders arrest of Islamist party chief", Reuters, May 15, 2008.
  26. "12 'fugitives' face arrest order", The Daily Independent, Bangladesh, 16 May 2008
  27. "Bangladeshi religious leader held", BBC News, May 19, 2008.
  28. [1], The Daily Star
  29. 29.0 29.1 RELIGIOUS SENTIMENT: "Proceeding against Nizami, Mojaheed put off" Archived September 30, 2011 at the Wayback Machine, BDNews 24
  30. "Court asks for Nizami’s arrest" Archived October 6, 2014 at the Wayback Machine, The Independent (Bangladesh), 5 May 2011
  31. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  32. "Bangladesh court sentences JI chief to death", The Express Tribune, 30 January 2014
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External links

Political offices
Preceded by Ameer of Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh
2001–2016
Succeeded by
TBD