Nalgonda

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This article is about the municipality in India. For its namesake district, see Nalgonda district.
Nalgonda
నల్లగొండ
نلگونڈا
Nilagiri
Nallagonda
City
Clock Tower in Nalgonda
Clock Tower in Nalgonda
Nalgonda is located in Telangana
Nalgonda
Nalgonda
Location in Telangana, India
Coordinates: Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
Country India
State Telangana
District Nalgonda
Mandal Nalgonda
Government
 • Type Mayor–council
 • Body Municipality
 • MLA Komatireddy Venkat Reddy
 • MP Gutha Sukender Reddy
Area[1]
 • City 105 km2 (41 sq mi)
Area rank [2]
Elevation[3] 421 m (1,381 ft)
Population (2011)[4]
 • City 135,744
 • Density 1,300/km2 (3,300/sq mi)
 • Metro[5] 154,326
Languages
 • Official Telugu, Urdu
Time zone IST (UTC+5:30)
Telephone code +91–8682
Vehicle registration TS–05[6]
Website Nalgonda municipality

Nalgonda (<phonos file="Nalgonda.ogg">pronunciation</phonos>) is a city and municipality in the Indian state of Telangana. It is the headquarters of the homonymous district, as well as the headquarters of the Nalgonda mandal in the Nalgonda revenue block.[1]

Etymology

The city's name is derived from two Telugu words: nalla ("black") and konda ("hill").[7] In the past, Nalgonda was referred to as "Nilagiri." During the medieval Bahamani kingdom, it was renamed "Nallagonda."[8] The name was changed to "Nalgonda" for official uses during the rule of the later Nizam kings.

History

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Main article: Telangana Rebellion

Paleolithic Age

There is archaeological evidence that Paleolithic people lived in the area that is now Nalgonda, fashioning tools and weapons out of stone. Some of these implements have been found in the Nalgonda area, similar to those discovered at the Sloan archaeological site in Arkansas.

Neolithic Age

Traces of Neolithic culture were found at Chota Yelupu, where sling stones and other contemporary objects were excavated. Evidence of Megalithic culture was also found via the discovery of innumerable burials at various places around Nalgonda.

The Mauryas and Satavahanas (230 BC – 218 BC)

The political history of the Nalgonda district commences with the Mauryas. During the reign of Ashoka the Great, the Mauryas maintained control over the Nalgonda region. Later, the Satavahanas, who ruled between 230 BC and 218 BC, took control of the area.

During this period, the region established trade contacts with the Roman Empire.

Ikshvakus (227 AD – 306 AD)

In 227 AD, the Ikshvaku dynasty took control of the region. During this period, members of various Saka tribes migrated to the area. Buddhism flourished during this time.

Invasion of Samudragupta

After the Ikshvakus, the Pallavas and Yadavas fought for supremacy over the region. However, after Samudragupta (c. 335 AD - c. 375 AD) invaded and conquered most of India, the area fell under the control of his Gupta Empire. The Empire fell in the 6th century.

The Chalukyas and Rashtrakutas

Starting in the 6th century, the Chalukya dynasty ruled the modern-day Nalgonda region, as well as much of southern and central India. A major portion of the Nalgonda area appears to have passed from the Chalukyas of Badami to the Rashtrakutas. However, the Rashtrakutas fell in 973, and power shifted to the Chalukyas of Kalyani. The Chalukyas continued to rule the area until the end of the 12th century.

Medieval period

During the medieval era, the Kakatiya dynasty took control of the region from the western Chalukyas. During the reign of Prataparudra II, in 1323, the kingdom was annexed to the Tughluq Empire.

When Muhammad bin Tughluq ruled (around 1324-1351), Musunuri chief Kapayanayaka ceded a part of Nalgonda to Ala-ud-din Hasan Bahman Shah of the Bahmani Sultanate. He annexed the region to the Bahmani Kingdom.

In 1455, Jalal Khan declared himself king at Nalgonda, but this was short-lived. He was quickly defeated and the region brought back to the Bahmani Kingdom.

During the time of the Bahmani Sultan Shihabud-din Mahmun, Sultan Quli was appointed as tarafdar of the Telangana region (now the state of Telangana). Quli's son, Jamshid, took control of the region from his father. Later, Qutub Shahis took control of the region, and maintained it until 1687.

Modern period: Mughals and Asaf Jahis

Nizam-ul-Mulk (Asaf Jah I) defeated Mubasiz Khan at Shaker Khere in Berar and ruled the Deccan autonomously. This district, like the other districts of Telangana, was controlled by Asaf Jahis, and remained under their rule for nearly two hundred and twenty-five years.

Geography

Nalgonda is located at Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found..[9] It has an average elevation of 420 metres (1,380 ft).

Demographics

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See also: List of cities in Telangana by population

As of 2011 census of India, Nalgonda had a population of 135,744.

Governance

The municipality of Nalgonda was categorized as a "Grade-III municipality" when it was first created in 1941. It is now a "Grade–I municipality."

Nalgonda's jurisdictional area is spread over 105 km2 (41 sq mi).[2] Its population is distributed over an area of 123.54 km2 (47.70 sq mi), which includes residents of the municipality, rural outgrowths of Nalgonda, the rural areas of Panagallu and Gollaguda, and partial outgrowths of Arjalabhavi, Gandhamvarigudam, and Massiguda.[1]

Transport

Nalgonda houses a major railway station, located on the Pagidipalli-Nallapadu railway line. It falls under the jurisdiction of Guntur railway division in the South Central Railway zone.

Attractions

Nagarjunsagar dam

Nalgonda contains several religious sites, including Lateef Saheb Dargah and Kolanupaka Temple, a Jain shrine. Other attractions include the Nagarjuna Sagar Dam, Ethipothala Falls, a Gowthama Buddha Museum, and the Bhuvanangiri Fort, built by Tribhuvanamalla Vikramaditya VI.

Education

As district headquarters, Nalgonda serves as a hub for primary and secondary education for surrounding villages. Nalgonda has many primary and upper primary schools, offering instruction in Telugu, Urdu, and English.

The Nalgonda district contains one university, Mahatma Gandhi University. It also contains a number of colleges specializing in engineering, medicine, pharmacy, and sciences, as well as vocational colleges. Some of the district's colleges include:

  • Nalgonda Institute of Technology and Science[10]
  • Ramananda Tirtha Engineering College,[11]
  • Swami Ramananda Tirtha Institute of Science and Technology.[11]

There are also many state government-operated schools and colleges in the city, such as Nagarguna Government Degree college.[12]

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  3. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ [1][dead link]
  8. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  12. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

External links

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