National Labour Party (UK, 1957)

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This article is about the late 1950s far right party in the United Kingdom. For the party that existed from 1931–1945, see National Labour Organisation. For other uses of the name, see National Labour Party.
National Labour Party
Leader John Bean
President Andrew Fountaine
Founder John Bean
Founded 1957
Dissolved 1960
Preceded by League of Empire Loyalists
Succeeded by British National Party
Newspaper Combat
Ideology Neo-Nazism, British Nationalism

The National Labour Party was a far right political party founded in 1957 by John Bean. The party campaigned on a platform of white nationalism, opposition to non-white immigration and anti-Semitism.[1]

Formation

Bean had been a leading figure within the League of Empire Loyalists (LEL), although he had become disillusioned with its emphasis on publicity stunts and lack of political action. The problem came to a head in 1957 after A.K. Chesterton sent Bean and Phil Burbidge to the home of Malcolm Muggeridge in order to throw soot on the commentator after he criticised Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom on a TV show.[2] Although the action was not carried out, for Bean it was a prime example of the pointless and childish activism with which the LEL had become synonymous and he soon wrote to Chesterton, bemoaning the weak campaigning of the LEL, its refusal to contest elections, its attachment to a narrow British nationalism and its strong links to the Conservative Party.[3]

Soon after, Bean left the LEL along with John Tyndall to set up the new party, deliberately picking the name to appeal to Labour supporters who were put off by immigration.[4] The nominal party President was to be Andrew Fountaine, although Bean's role as policy director gave him effective control. Producing a journal Combat, the NLP used its pages to campaign for a reduction in the sentences of those convicted over the Notting Hill riots of 1958.[5]

Electoral activity

A very small party, the NLP secured some decent results in the London council election, although the Labour Party objected to the NLP's use of its name. At the time, however, ballot papers listed only the names of the candidates, not the names of the parties, so it was probably less likely than it would be today that Labour voters might vote for the NLP by mistake. Buoyed by its minor success, the party organised a Stop the Coloured Invasion rally in Trafalgar Square with banners displayed proclaiming Keep Britain White in May 1959 which drew a crowd of 3,000 to hear speeches by Bean, Fountaine and White Defence League leader Colin Jordan. The monitors at the rally wore white armbands emblazoned with a black sun wheel, the symbol of the Aryan race.[6][7] [8] [9]

The party was even briefly linked to the London gangster Albert Dimes, who hoped to use NLP members against his rivals Bud Flanagan and Jack Spot, two Jewish gangsters who were involved in funding the 43 Group.[10]

The party stood a single candidate in the 1959 general election with former boxer Bill Webster running in St Pancras North. The decision to run a candidate was largely driven by the realities of racial tension in the area, as exposed by the previous year's riots.[11] During the campaign, a number of NLP supporters attacked a meeting at the local Town Hall where Kenneth Robinson was a featured speaker. A number of arrests were made over the incident, which made national news and thus served to publicise the name of the NLP.[12] In the election, the party received 4.1% of the vote in St Pancras North, and lost its deposit.

Decline

The aftermath of the event, however, was the decline of the NLP. Bean served 30 days in jail for his part in the riot[13] and whilst he was incarcerated Webster left to join the Union Movement and Tyndall also resigned from the party[14] With the NLP demoralised and closer links to Colin Jordan having been developed, the party merged with the White Defence League on February 24, 1960. Although the name Racial Nationalist Party was initially considered it was ultimately decided to name the new entity the British National Party.[15]

Return of the name

In 1981, National Front activist John King, the candidate for Rochester and Chatham in the 1979 election, broke from that group and formed his own minor party also using the name National Labour Party. This version, which was not connected to Bean's, took a Powellite line on immigration although it was significantly less economically neo-liberal than Powell. This group contested two elections, the 1983 Bermondsey by-election and the Ashford constituency in the 1983 general election, without making any impact.[16]

References

  1. ↑ Peter Barberis, John McHugh, Mike Tyldesley, Encyclopedia of British and Irish Political Organizations: Parties, Groups and Movements of the 20th Century, Continuum International Publishing Group, 2000, p. 189
  2. ↑ Bean p. 117
  3. ↑ Bean, p. 118
  4. ↑ Bean, p. 119
  5. ↑ Bean, p. 121
  6. ↑ Bean, p. 128
  7. ↑ 20th Century London Photo Bank--Photo of "Stop the Coloured Invasion" rally with banner displayed saying "Keep Britain White":
  8. ↑ Fascism in Great Britain 1958-1968:
  9. ↑ Southend Democratic Nationalist—Photo of May 1959 "Stop the Coloured Invasion" rally with banner displayed saying "Keep Britain White":
  10. ↑ Graham Macklin, Very Deeply Dyed in Black, IB Tauris, 2007, p. 53
  11. ↑ Taylor, p. 12
  12. ↑ Bean, pp. 130-132
  13. ↑ Bean, p. 132
  14. ↑ Bean, pp. 139-140
  15. ↑ Bean, p. 141
  16. ↑ David Boothroyd, Politico's Guide to the History of British Political Parties, 2001, pp. 193-194

Bibliography

  • J. Bean, Many Shades of Black – Inside Britain’s Far Right, London: New Millennium, 1999
  • S. Taylor, The National Front in English Politics, London: Macmillan, 1982
  • M. Walker, The National Front, Glasgow: Fontana Collins, 1977
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