New Madrid, Missouri

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New Madrid, Missouri
City
New Madrid, facing away from the Mississippi
New Madrid, facing away from the Mississippi
Location of New Madrid, Missouri
Location of New Madrid, Missouri
Coordinates: Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
Country United States
State Missouri
County New Madrid
Area[1]
 • Total 4.53 sq mi (11.73 km2)
 • Land 4.49 sq mi (11.63 km2)
 • Water 0.04 sq mi (0.10 km2)
Elevation 295 ft (90 m)
Population (2010)[2]
 • Total 3,116
 • Estimate (2012[3]) 3,052
 • Density 694.0/sq mi (268.0/km2)
Time zone Central (CST) (UTC-6)
 • Summer (DST) CDT (UTC-5)
ZIP code 63869
Area code(s) 573
FIPS code 29-52076[4]
GNIS feature ID 0723282[5]
Website http://www.new-madrid.mo.us/

New Madrid (pronounced /njuː ˈmædrᵻd/ new-MAD-rid) is a city in New Madrid County, Missouri, United States. Located on the Kentucky Bend of the Mississippi River, it is 42 miles (68 km) south by west of Cairo, Illinois, and north of an exclave of Fulton County, Kentucky, across the river.

Settlement history

New Madrid was founded between 1777 to 1778 by Spanish Governor Bernardo de Gálvez who controlled Spanish Louisiana (the land west of the Mississippi River). He welcomed settlers from the United States, but required them to become citizens of Spain. In addition, they had to agree to live under the guidance of his appointed empresario, Colonel William Morgan, a Revolutionary War veteran from New Jersey. Morgan recruited a number of American families to settle at New Madrid, attracting some 2,000 persons to the region.[6] In 1800, Spain traded the territory to France in the Third Treaty of San Ildefonso. France promptly sold it to the United States in 1803 as part of the Louisiana Purchase.

Kentucky Bend and surrounding area
  Missouri (MO)
  Tennessee (TN)
  Kentucky (KY)

The settlement is located on the north side of the Kentucky Bend in the Mississippi River, which is also known as "New Madrid Bend" or "Madrid Bend." The river curves in an oxbow around an exclave of Fulton County, Kentucky. Scientists expect the river eventually to cut across the neck of the peninsula and make a more direct channel.

The city is remembered as being near the Mississippi River military engagement, the Battle of Island Number Ten, during the Civil War.

This floodplain area was cultivated as cotton plantations. At the turn of the 20th century, New Madrid contained two lumber mills, a grist mill, a stave and heading factory, and a cotton gin; and four Protestant churches, two with African-American congregations, and one Catholic church.[7] In 1900, 1,489 people lived in New Madrid, Missouri; in 1910, the population was 1,882.

The population was 3,116 at the 2010 census. New Madrid is the county seat of New Madrid County.[8] The town is home to the consolidated middle and high schools.

New Madrid fault line and earthquake history

The area is noted as the site of a series of more than 1,000 earthquakes in 1811 and 1812, ranging up to approximately magnitude 8, the most powerful non-subduction zone earthquake ever recorded in the United States. New Madrid lies far away from any plate boundaries, but it is on the New Madrid Seismic Zone. The major earthquake was felt as far away as the East Coast.[9]

Geography

New Madrid is located at Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. (36.59, -89.54).[10] According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 4.53 square miles (11.73 km2), of which, 4.49 square miles (11.63 km2) is land and 0.04 square miles (0.10 km2) is water.[1]

Climate

The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, New Madrid has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.[11]

Climate data for New Madrid, Missouri
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 6
(42)		 8
(47)		 14
(57)		 21
(69)		 26
(78)		 31
(87)		 33
(91)		 32
(89)		 28
(82)		 22
(71)		 14
(58)		 8
(46)		 20.3
(68.1)
Average low °C (°F) −3
(26)		 −2
(29)		 3
(38)		 9
(48)		 14
(58)		 19
(66)		 21
(70)		 20
(68)		 16
(60)		 9
(48)		 4
(39)		 −2
(29)		 9
(48.3)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 91
(3.6)		 89
(3.5)		 117
(4.6)		 132
(5.2)		 132
(5.2)		 99
(3.9)		 99
(3.9)		 64
(2.5)		 100
(4)		 97
(3.8)		 114
(4.5)		 114
(4.5)		 1,248
(49.2)
Source: Weatherbase [12]

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
1860 610 —
1870 634 3.9%
1880 712 12.3%
1890 1,193 67.6%
1900 1,489 24.8%
1910 1,882 26.4%
1920 1,908 1.4%
1930 2,309 21.0%
1940 2,450 6.1%
1950 2,726 11.3%
1960 2,867 5.2%
1970 2,719 −5.2%
1980 3,204 17.8%
1990 3,350 4.6%
2000 3,334 −0.5%
2010 3,116 −6.5%
Est. 2014 3,018 [13] −3.1%
source:[14]

2010 census

As of the census[2] of 2010, there were 3,116 people, 1,276 households, and 809 families residing in the city. The population density was 694.0 inhabitants per square mile (268.0/km2). There were 1,424 housing units at an average density of 317.1 per square mile (122.4/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 72.30% White, 25.55% Black or African American, 0.22% Native American, 0.26% Asian, 0.13% from other races, and 1.54% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.80% of the population.

There were 1,276 households of which 32.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.9% were married couples living together, 18.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 36.6% were non-families. 32.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 14% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.34 and the average family size was 2.94.

The median age in the city was 39.8 years. 24.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.6% were from 25 to 44; 28.3% were from 45 to 64; and 16.1% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.9% male and 52.1% female.

2000 census

As of the census[4] of 2000, there were 3,334 people, 1,275 households, and 882 families residing in the city. The population density was 738.3 people per square mile (284.8/km²). There were 1,414 housing units at an average density of 313.1 per square mile (120.8/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 72.56% White, 26.48% African American, 0.18% Native American, 0.30% Asian, 0.09% from other races, and 0.39% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.69% of the population.

There were 1,275 households out of which 35.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.8% were married couples living together, 21.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.8% were non-families. 28.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 3.02.

In the city the population was spread out with 28.2% under the age of 18, 8.7% from 18 to 24, 26.0% from 25 to 44, 21.8% from 45 to 64, and 15.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 87.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 79.5 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $27,422, and the median income for a family was $34,464. Males had a median income of $30,705 versus $21,045 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,639. About 22.6% of families and 25.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 36.9% of those under age 18 and 17.5% of those age 65 or over.

Government

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  3. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ Lynn Morrow, "New Madrid and its Hinterland: 1783-1826," Bulletin of the Missouri Historical Society (1980) 36#4 pp 241-250
  7. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  12. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. Retrieved on October 25, 2013.
  13. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  14. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

External links

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