New Zealand National Airways Corporation Flight 441

New Zealand National Airways Corporation Flight 441

200px A memorial to those who died in the accident. The Kaimai Ranges is seen behind the memorial.
Accident summary
Date	3 July 1963
Summary	Wind shear, Controlled flight into terrain
Site	near Mount Ngatamahinerua, Kaimai Ranges, New Zealand
Passengers	20
Crew	3
Fatalities	23 (all)
Survivors	0
Aircraft type	Douglas DC-3C (C-47B-15-DK)
Aircraft name	Hastings
Operator	National Airways Corporation
Registration	ZK-AYZ
Flight origin	Auckland Whenuapai Airport
Destination	Tauranga Airport

New Zealand National Airways Corporation Flight 441 (NZ441) was a scheduled flight of the New Zealand National Airways Corporation from Whenuapai, Auckland to Tauranga. On 3 July 1963 at approximately 9:09 am NZST the flight, a Douglas DC-3 Skyliner, flew into a vertical rock face in the Kaimai Ranges near Mount Ngatamahinerua, at an altitude of 2460 feet (750 m). Twenty three people were on board. Twenty two were killed instantly; there is evidence that one person survived the impact but died shortly afterward. Three extra passengers were supposed to be on the flight, but changed their plans at the last minute.

According to Civil Aviation Authority investigators, a downdraft carried the aircraft below the level of the crests of the range, where under the very poor weather conditions prevailing at the time, the aircraft encountered an area of extreme turbulence from which it was impossible for the crew to recover altitude. On the day of the crash, another plane was caught in strong downdrafts in the Kaimai Ranges but managed to recover.

Furthermore, the crew was probably unaware of the true position of the aircraft and initiated a premature descent. However, it must be appreciated that the crew decided to descend only to the level officially designated as the minimum safe altitude in the area of the descent.

Following this accident, the Civil Aviation Authority made the decision to classify the Kaimai Ranges as mountainous terrain, which raised the minimum safe altitude for the area by 1000 feet (305 m).

Due to the remoteness of the crash, the wreckage was not recovered but secured on site by the New Zealand Army in 1964. This is similar to New Zealand's other major air disaster, Air New Zealand Flight 901, which remains on the slopes of Mount Erebus in Antarctica where it crashed.

The National Airways Corporation's successor, Air New Zealand, continues to use flight number NZ441 as of 2015. The flight travels from Auckland (Mangere) Airport to Wellington, using Airbus A320 aircraft.