Orekhovo-Zuyevo
| Orekhovo-Zuyevo (English) Орехово-Зуево (Russian) |
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 Old Orekhovo-Zuyevo Administration building |
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.svg) Location of Moscow Oblast in Russia |
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 Orekhovo-Zuyevo
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| Administrative status (as of January 2013) | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Moscow Oblast[1] |
| Administratively subordinated to | Orekhovo-Zuyevo City Under Oblast Jurisdiction[1] |
| Administrative center of | Orekhovo-Zuyevsky District,[1] Orekhovo-Zuyevo City Under Oblast Jurisdiction[1] |
| Municipal status (as of June 2011) | |
| Urban okrug | Orekhovo-Zuyevo Urban Okrug[2] |
| Administrative center of | Orekhovo-Zuyevo Urban Okrug,[2] Orekhovo-Zuyevsky Municipal District[3] |
| Head[citation needed] | Oleg Aparin[citation needed] |
| Statistics | |
| Area (urban okrug) (June 2011) | 36.386 km2 (14.049 sq mi)[2] |
| Population (2010 Census) | 120,670 inhabitants[4] |
| - Rank in 2010 | 135th |
| Density | Lua error in Module:Convert at line 272: attempt to index local 'cat' (a nil value).[5] |
| Time zone | MSK (UTC+03:00)[6] |
| Founded | 1917[citation needed] |
| City status since | 1917[citation needed] |
| Postal code(s)[7] | 142600—142619 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 496[citation needed] |
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| Orekhovo-Zuyevo on Wikimedia Commons | |
Orekhovo-Zuyevo (Russian: Оре́хово-Зу́ево) is an industrial city in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located 85 kilometers (53 mi) east of Moscow in a forested area on the Klyazma River (a tributary of the Oka). The city was established in 1917 when three villages (Orekhovo, Zuyevo, and Nikolskoye) were merged, hence its name.[citation needed] Population: 120,670 (2010 Census);[4] 122,248 (2002 Census);[8] 137,198 (1989 Census).[9]
Contents
History
The first known facts about what now is Orekhovo-Zuyevo date back to 1209. The place was mentioned in the Moscow Chronicles as the place called "Volochok" where the battle between Vladimir's prince Yury and Ryazan's prince Izyaslav took place. The name "Volochok" (or, as it was later called, "Zuyev Volochok") is derived from the Slavic word for "portage": a place where wooden ships were carried by land from one river to another. In this place in particular, the ships were usually moved by land between the Klyazma and Nerskaya Rivers. The villages Orekhovo and Zuyevo were mentioned in the chronicle several more times during the Middle Ages.
In 1797, serf peasant Savva Morozov opened his first silk factory in Zuyevo. Later he shifted from silk to wool. In 1823, profits from his business allowed him to be freed from serfdom. In 1830, he moved his factories to the opposite bank of the Klyazma River to the place that was later named Nikolskoye.
At the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries, Orekhovo and Zuyevo were the third largest textile production area in Russia after Moscow and St. Petersburg.
The first and largest Russian strike occurred in 1885 at the Morozov's textile factories in Orekhovo-Zuyevo, starting on January 7, 1885 and lasting for several weeks, creating momentum for the revolutionary movement in Russia.
Orekhovo-Zuyevo was granted city status in 1917.[citation needed]
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Orekhovo-Zuyevo serves as the administrative center of Orekhovo-Zuyevsky District, even though it is not a part of it.[1] As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as Orekhovo-Zuyevo City Under Oblast Jurisdiction—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, Orekhovo-Zuyevo City Under Oblast Jurisdiction is incorporated as Orekhovo-Zuyevo Urban Okrug.[2]
Economy
For almost two centuries the economy of Orekhovo-Zuyevo was built on the textile industry, growing up around Savva Morozov's textile production. Cotton production in Orekhovo-Zuyevo made the city the third largest industrial center in Russia at the turn of the 20th century. After the Revolution of 1917, Morozov's textile mills were nationalized, becoming known as "Orekhovo-Zuyevsky Khlopchato-Bumazhny Kombinat" (the Orekhovo-Zuyevo Cotton Center). Textile production continued until the 1990s, when the Soviet textile industry collapsed due to poor management and the inability to compete with imported textiles, which were of better quality and cost less. Almost all production was shut down, and the factory halls were turned into market areas and trading centers.
Sports
Association football
The city is the home of the oldest association football team in Russia. The first football team in Orekhovo-Zuyevo was organized by British G. G. Charnock, the vice-president of the Moscow Football League. It has played under several different names. In the early years it was known as "Morozovtsy" (named after the Morozov family which owned the textile production in the city). During the Soviet era, the team played under the name Znamya Truda (lit. the Banner of Labor). After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the team was purchased by Spartak Moscow and became one of Spartak's farm teams, known as "Spartak-Orekhovo". In 2003, the team changed its name back to Znamya Truda.
In 1962, Znamya Truda reached the USSR Cup finals, losing 0:2 to Shakhtar Donetsk.
In the 2007 season, Znamya Truda played in the Central Zone of the Second Division.
Gymnastics
Olympic medalist and Junior European champion Anna Pavlova was born in Orekhovo-Zuyevo.
Badminton
Orekhovo-Zuyevo is famous for its badminton school. The city usually hosts the All-Russian badminton championships.
Sports facilities
There are three athletic/football stadiums in the city: "Znamya Truda", "Torpedo", and "Khimik".
The swimming complex "Neptun" is adjacent to the "Znamya Truda" stadium. The swimming pool has 25-meter (82 ft) lanes.
A new sport complex facility "Vostok" was opened in 2007 by Boris Gromov, the then-Governor of Moscow Oblast.
International relations
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Twin towns and sister cities
Orekhovo-Zuyevo is twinned with:
Notable people
- Ivan Babushkin (1873–1906), revolutionary
- Konstantin Belikov (1909–1987), football defender and referee
- Mikhail Biryukov (born 1958), association football player
- Vladimir Bondarenko (1915–1943), Hero of Soviet Union, partisan
- Mikhail Fedonkin (born 1946), paleontologist
- Yakov Flier (1912–1977), pianist
- Yury Kovalyov (1934–1979), association football player
- Leonid Krasin (1870–1926), Soviet activist
- Yuri Kurnenin (1954–2009), association football manager
- Alexander Melnikov (1930–2011), politician
- Savva Morozov (1862–1905), textile producer
- Anna Pavlova (born 1987), Olympic gymnast
- Alexey Pichugin (born 1962), businessman
- Viktor Sukhorukov (born 1951), actor
- Korniliy (Titov) (born 1947), Metropolitan bishop of the Old Rite Orthodox Church
- Aleksandr Uvarov (born 1960), football player and Coach
- Valentin Yanin (born 1929), historian
- Venedikt Yerofeyev (1938–1990), writer
- Sergei Zimin (1875–1942), entrepreneur and opera manager
References
Notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Law #11/2013-OZ
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Law #201/2004-OZ
- ↑ Law #67/2005-OZ
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ The value of density was calculated automatically by dividing the 2010 Census population by the area specified in the infobox. Please note that this value may not be accurate as the area specified in the infobox does not necessarily correspond to the area of the entity proper or is reported for the same year as the population.
- ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №248-ФЗ от 21 июля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #248-FZ of July 21, 2014 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
- ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (Russian)
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
Sources
- Московская областная Дума. Закон №11/2013-ОЗ от 31 января 2013 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Московской области», в ред. Закона №72/2015-ОЗ от 5 мая 2015 г. «Об отнесении города Озёры Озёрского района Московской области к категории города областного подчинения Московской области, упразднении Озёрского района Московской области и внесении изменений в Закон Московской области "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Московской области"». Вступил в силу на следующий день после официального опубликования (13 января 2013 г.). Опубликован: "Ежедневные Новости. Подмосковье", №24, 12 февраля 2013 г. (Moscow Oblast Duma. Law #11/2013-OZ of January 31, 2013 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Moscow Oblast, as amended by the Law #72/2015-OZ of May 5, 2015 On Re-Classifying the Town of Ozyory in Ozyorsky District of Moscow Oblast as the Town Under Oblast Jurisdiction, on Abolishing Ozyorsky District of Moscow Oblast, and on Amending the Law of Moscow Oblast "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Moscow Oblast". Effective as of the day following the day of the official publication (January 13, 2013).).
- Московская областная Дума. Закон №201/2004-ОЗ от 29 декабря 2004 г. «О статусе и границе городского округа Орехово-Зуево», в ред. Закона №76/2011-ОЗ от 3 июня 2011 г «О внесении изменения в Закон Московской области "О статусе и границе городского округа Орехово-Зуево"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Ежедневные Новости. Подмосковье", №12, 25 января 2005 г. (Moscow Oblast Duma. Law #201/2004-OZ of December 29, 2004 On the Status and the Border of Orekhovo-Zuyevo Urban Okrug, as amended by the Law #76/2011-OZ of June 3, 2011 On Amending the Law of Moscow Oblast "On the Status and the Border of Orekhovo-Zuyevo Urban Okrug". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
- Московская областная Дума. Закон №67/2005-ОЗ от 28 февраля 2005 г. «О статусе и границах Орехово-Зуевского муниципального района и вновь образованных в его составе муниципальных образований», в ред. Закона №108/2011-ОЗ от 7 июля 2011 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Московской области "О статусе и границах Орехово-Зуевского муниципального района и вновь образованных в его составе муниципальных образований"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Ежедневные Новости. Подмосковье", №42, 10 марта 2005 г. (Moscow Oblast Duma. Law #67/2005-OZ of February 28, 2005 On the Status and the Borders of Orekhovo-Zuyevsky Municipal District and the Newly Established Municipal Formations Comprising It, as amended by the Law #108/2011-OZ of July 7, 2011 On Amending the Law of Moscow Oblast "On the Status and the Borders of Orekhovo-Zuyevsky Municipal District and the Newly Established Municipal Formations Comprising It". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
