Palmerston North (New Zealand electorate)

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Palmerston North electorate boundaries used since the 2008 election

Palmerston North is a parliamentary electorate, returning one Member of Parliament to the House of Representatives of New Zealand. The electorate was first formed for the 1890 election and was called Palmerston until 1938. The current MP for Palmerston North is Iain Lees-Galloway of the Labour Party. He has held this position since the 2008 election.

Population centres

In December 1887, the House of Representatives voted to reduce its membership from general electorates from 91 to 70. The 1890 electoral redistribution used the same 1886 census data used for the 1887 electoral redistribution. In addition, three-member electorates were introduced in the four main centres. This resulted in a major restructuring of electorates, and Palmerston was one of four electorates to be first created for the 1890 election.[1]

Palmerston North reached its current approximate size at the expense of the old Manawatu electorate in the lead up to the introduction of mixed-member proportional (MMP) voting in 1996. The boundaries of the Palmerston North electorate were last adjusted in the 2007 redistribution, when the electorate became fully urban and covered all of the urbanised part of Palmerston North City, with the towns in its orbit such as Ashhurst and Linton becoming part of the neighbouring electorate of Rangitīkei. To counter the population loss on the Manawatu River's left bank, the section of the city on the right bank, including the suburb of Milson, was moved in at the same time.[2] No boundary adjustments were undertaken in the subsequent 2013/14 redistribution.[3]

History

The electorate has been loyal to the Labour Party, not having elected a National MP since 1975, and having not re-elected a National MP since 1966.

The first representative of the Palmerston electorate was James Wilson.[4] Wilson previously represented the Foxton electorate until its abolition in 1890.[5] In the 1890 election, Wilson beat Frederick Pirani by 61 votes.[6] In the 1893 election, Wilson stood successfully in the Otaki electorate[4] and Palmerston was won by Pirani, who was confirmed in 1896 and 1899,[7] but defeated in 1902 when he contested the Hutt electorate.[8] In the 1899 election, Prime Minister Richard Seddon expressed his opposition to Pirani (who had previously stood for the Liberal Party) by endorsing William Thomas Wood, who came second that year.[6]

Wood was the successful candidate in the 1902 election, and he was confirmed in 1905.[9] The 1908 election was held under the Second Ballot Act, contested by three candidates. David Buick, Wood and W. Milverton received 2675, 2626 and 123 votes, respectively. As Buick did not receive an absolute majority, a second ballot was required.[10] Buick standing for the Reform Party was again successful in the second round of voting and was thus elected.[11] Buick was re-elected in 1911 and 1914, but died in office on 18 November 1918 during the influenza epidemic.[12]

Jimmy Nash, the sitting Mayor of Palmerston North, won the resulting by-election on 19 December 1918.[13] Nash was confirmed at the next five general elections,[13] but was defeated in the 1935 election by Joe Hodgens of the Labour Party in an election also contested by the then mayor, Augustus Edward Mansford.[14] Hodgens had previously contested the electorate in the 1922 and 1931 elections. He retired from the electorate at the 1946 election due to the deteriorating health of his wife.[14]

The 1946 election was contested between Ormond Wilson for Labour and Mansford, whose relationship with the National Party was strained, since his 1935 election campaign had contributed to the defeat of Nash. Mansford failed to get nominated by the National Party for the 1938 and 1943 elections. So in 1946, the National Party decided not to stand a candidate, with Mansford running as an Independent. Wilson obtained a majority of 928 votes.[15]

Wilson lost the subsequent election in 1949 against Blair Tennent of the National Party.[16][17] Tennent was confirmed at the subsequent election, but then lost against the Labour candidate, Philip Skoglund, in the 1954 election.[17] Skoglund contested the 1957 election against Bill Brown of the National Party and was confirmed by the voters. However, in the 1960 election, Brown beat Skoglund by the narrow majority of 123 votes. At the 1963 election, Brown had a 772-vote majority to Skoglund. The 1966 election was contested by Brown against Labour's Joe Walding, with Brown holding a 259-vote majority. Brown died in office on 16 October 1967 at a function in Kaiapoi.[18]

The resulting 1967 by-election was contested by five candidates: Walding (Labour Party), Gordon Cruden (National Party), John O'Brien (Social Credit Party), Goldingham (Progress) and P. J. Wedderspoon (Democratic Labour). Walding obtained a majority of 592 votes.[19] Walding represented the Palmerston North electorate until the 1975 election, when he was defeated by John Lithgow, and from 1978 to 1981. Six months prior to the 1981 election, he announced his retirement from Parliament.[19]

The Labour nomination was hotly contested and Trevor de Cleene, a good friend of Walding, was the most experienced candidate who put his name forward for selection, and despite concerns about his often controversial nature, he was nominated by the party. The candidate put forward by National was his old foe Brian Elwood, with whom he had worked on the Palmerston North City Council for many years, and against whom he lost the mayoralty contest in 1974. Elwood and de Cleene received 8315 and 10425 votes, respectively (representing 35.7% and 48.5% of the vote), with de Cleene thus entering Parliament in 1981.[20] De Cleene won the 1984 election, called early by Robert Muldoon, with an increased majority over National's candidate, C G Singleton.[20] In the 1987 election, de Cleene raised his share of the vote to 56.2%, defeating National's Paul Curry. He did not seek re-election in the 1990 election.[20]

Iain Lees-Galloway was selected by the Labour Party as successor to retiring MP Steve Maharey, who became Vice Chancellor of Massey University, in a contested Labour Party selection for the 2008 election.[21] Lees-Galloway defeated the National Party candidate, Malcolm Plimmer, with a majority of 1,117 votes.[22][23] In the 2011 election, Lees-Galloway was confirmed with an increased majority of 3,285 votes, defeating National's Leonie Hapeta.[24] In the 2014 election, Lees-Galloway was challenged by the Mayor of Palmerston North, Jono Naylor, but remained successful.[25] Lees-Galloway had a majority of 2,212 votes over Naylor.[26] Naylor was the lowest-ranked National MP who entered Parliament via their list.[27][28]

Members of Parliament

Key

  Independent     Liberal     Reform     Labour     National     NZ First  

Election Winner
1890 election James Wilson
1893 election Frederick Pirani
1896 election
1899 election
1902 election William Wood
1905 election
1908 election David Buick
1911 election
1914 election
1918 by-election Jimmy Nash
1919 election
1922 election
1925 election
1928 election
1931 election
1935 election Joe Hodgens
1938 election
1943 election
1946 election Ormond Wilson
1949 election Blair Tennent
1951 election
1954 election Philip Skoglund
1957 election
1960 election Bill Brown
1963 election
1966 election
1967 by-election Joe Walding
1969 election
1972 election
1975 election John Lithgow
1978 election Joe Walding (2nd period)
1981 election Trevor de Cleene
1984 election
1987 election
1990 election Steve Maharey
1993 election
1996 election
1999 election
2002 election
2005 election
2008 election Iain Lees-Galloway
2011 election
2014 election

List MPs

Members of Parliament elected from party lists in elections where that person also unsuccessfully contested the Palmerston North electorate. Unless otherwise stated, all MPs terms began and ended at general elections.

Election Winner
2014 election Jono Naylor
Darroch Ball

Election results

2011 election

General election 2011: Palmerston North[24]

Notes: Green background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member.
A Green tickY or Red XN denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.
Party Candidate Votes % ±% Party Votes % ±%
Labour Green tickY Iain Lees-Galloway 16,525 51.32 +4.50 11,194 33.88 -6.80
National Leonie Hapeta 13,240 41.12 -2.43 14,577 44.12 +3.46
Green Corrina Tucker 1,485 4.61 +0.19 3,469 10.50 +3.99
Conservative Andrew Marquet 675 2.10 +2.10 997 3.02 +3.02
ACT Daniel Stratton 167 0.52 -0.71 245 0.74 -1.99
United Future Sultan Eusoff 109 0.34 -0.42 210 0.64 -0.60
NZ First   1,870 5.66 +1.61
Māori   168 0.51 -0.20
Legalise Cannabis   157 0.48 +0.07
Mana   94 0.28 +0.28
Alliance   23 0.07 +0.02
Libertarianz   19 0.06 +0.01
Democrats   15 0.05 +0.03
Informal votes 667 230
Total Valid votes 32,201 33,038
Labour hold Majority 3,285 10.20 +6.93

Electorate (as at 26 November 2011): 43,524[29]

2008 election

General election 2008: Palmerston North[30]

Notes: Green background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member.
A Green tickY or Red XN denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.
Party Candidate Votes % ±% Party Votes % ±%
Labour Iain Lees-Galloway 15,977 46.82 14,108 40.68
National Malcolm Plimmer 14,860 43.55 14,103 40.66
Green Lawrence O'Halloran 1,509 4.42 2,258 6.51
NZ First Graham Odering 658 1.93 1,404 4.05
ACT Kevin Dittmer 420 1.23 948 2.73
Progressive Debbie Lucas 261 0.76 408 1.18
United Future Frank Owen 259 0.76 430 1.24
Independent Grant Seton 107 0.31
Independent Arshad Chatha 74 0.22
Bill and Ben   338 0.97
Māori   247 0.71
Legalise Cannabis   139 0.40
Kiwi   117 0.34
Family Party   89 0.26
Pacific   37 0.11
Alliance   16 0.05
Libertarianz   16 0.05
Workers Party   12 0.03
Democrats   6 0.02
RONZ   4 0.01
RAM   2 0.01
Informal votes 341 159
Total Valid votes 34,125 34,682
Labour hold Majority 1,117 3.27


2005 election

General election 2005: Palmerston North[31]

Notes: Green background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member.
A Green tickY or Red XN denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.
Party Candidate Votes % ±% Party Votes % ±%
Labour Green tickY Steve Maharey 17,263 53.87 14,642 44.98
National Malcolm Plimmer 11,763 36.71 11,943 36.69
Green Lawrence O'Hallorahan 1,141 3.56 2116 6.50
NZ First Graham Odering 853 2.66 1673 5.14
United Future Gary Pedersen 627 1.96 1,071 3.29
Progressive Dawn Patchett 251 0.78 370 1.14
Independent Archard Chatha 147 0.46
ACT   285 0.88
Māori   161 0.49
Destiny   116 0.36
Legalise Cannabis   59 0.18
Christian Heritage   49 0.15
Libertarianz   18 0.06
Alliance   14 0.04
99 MP   10 0.03
One NZ   7 0.02
Democrats   6 0.02
Direct Democracy   6 0.02
RONZ   4 0.01
Family Rights   2 0.01
Informal votes 276 105
Total Valid votes 35,460 35,983
Labour hold Majority 5,500 17.16

1931 election

General election, 1931: Palmerston[32]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Reform Jimmy Nash 6,465 55.33 +5.92
Labour Joe Hodgens 5,220 44.67
Majority 1,245 10.65 -10.23
Informal votes 67 0.57 -1.07
Turnout 11,752 83.82 -3.88
Registered electors 14,020

1928 election

General election, 1928: Palmerston[33]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Reform Jimmy Nash 5,558 49.40 -16.91
Labour Walter Bromley 3,208 28.52 -5.17
United Charles Albert Loughnan[nb 1] 2,484 22.08
Majority 2,350 20.89 -11.75
Informal votes 188 1.64 -0.44
Turnout 11,438 87.71 -2.04
Registered electors 13,041

Table footnotes:

  1. ↑ Charles Loughnan (died 1955), younger brother of Robert Andrew Loughnan, was the founder of Loughnan and Jacobs, solicitors in Palmerston North, now Jacobs Florentine.[34]

1925 election

General election, 1925: Palmerston[35]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Reform Jimmy Nash 6,584 66.32
Labour Walter Bromley 3,344 33.68
Majority 3,240 32.63
Informal votes 211 2.08
Turnout 10,139 89.75
Registered electors 11,297

1918 by-election

Palmerston by-election, 1918[36]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Reform Jimmy Nash 2,229 41.56
Labour Alexander Galbraith 1,914 35.68
Independent Ernest Hugh Crabb[37] 1,119 20.86
Independent Reform A. Buchanan 101 1.88
Majority 315 5.87
Turnout 5,363

1899 election

General election, 1899: Palmerston[38]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Independent Liberal Frederick Pirani 1,980 48.49 -2.30
Liberal William Thomas Wood 1,465 35.88
Opposition David Buick 638 15.63 -33.58
Majority 515 12.61 +11.03
Turnout 4,083 76.32 -2.90
Registered electors 5,350

Notes

  1. ↑ McRobie 1989, pp. 54ff.
  2. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  3. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Scholefield 1950, p. 148.
  5. ↑ Scholefield 1950, p. 157.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ Scholefield 1950, p. 132.
  8. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. ↑ Scholefield 1950, p. 149.
  10. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  12. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Scholefield 1950, p. 128.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  15. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  16. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  18. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 20.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  21. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  22. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  23. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  25. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  26. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  27. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  28. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  29. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  30. ↑ 2008 election results
  31. ↑ election result Palmerston North 2005
  32. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  33. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  34. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  35. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  36. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  37. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  38. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

References

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External links

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