Parkinsonism

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Parkinsonism
Classification and external resources
Specialty Lua error in Module:Wikidata at line 446: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).
ICD-10 G20-G21
ICD-9-CM 332
DiseasesDB 24212
MedlinePlus 000759
Patient UK Parkinsonism
MeSH D020734
[[[d:Lua error in Module:Wikidata at line 863: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).|edit on Wikidata]]]

Parkinsonism is a clinical syndrome characterized by tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity, and postural instability.[1][2] Parkinsonism shares symptoms found in Parkinson's disease, from which it is named; but parkinsonism is a symptom complex, and differs from Parkinson disease which is a progressive neurodegenerative illness. The underlying causes of parkinsonism are numerous, and diagnosis can be complex.[3][4] The neurodegenerative condition Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most common cause of parkinsonism. However, a wide range of other etiologies may lead to a similar set of symptoms, including some toxins, a few metabolic diseases, and a handful of neurological conditions other than Parkinson's.[5]

About 7% of people with parkinsonism have developed their symptoms following treatment with particular medications. Side effect of medications, mainly neuroleptic antipsychotics especially the phenothiazines (such as perphenazine and chlorpromazine), thioxanthenes (such as flupenthixol and zuclopenthixol) and butyrophenones (such as haloperidol (Haldol)), piperazines (such as ziprasidone), and, rarely, antidepressants. The incidence of drug-induced parkinsonism increases with age. Drug induced parkinsonism tends to remain at its presenting level, i.e. does not progress like the parkinson disease.[6]

Differential diagnoses

Before Parkinson's disease is diagnosed the differential diagnoses include:

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  3. Rao G, Fisch L, Srinivasan S, et al. Does this patient have Parkinson disease? JAMA. 2003;289(3):347-353. PMID 12525236
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  6. http://www.parkinsons.org.uk/PDF/FS38_druginducedparkinsonism.pdf
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  10. http://www.news-medical.net/news/20090902/LINGO1-variant-responsible-for-essential-tremors-and-Parkinsons-disease.aspx
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  13. Online 'Mendelian Inheritance in Man' (OMIM) NEURODEGENERATION WITH BRAIN IRON ACCUMULATION 1; NBIA1 -234200
  14. 14.0 14.1 14.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  15. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  16. Tremor/InvoluntaryMovements: Excerpt from Field Guide to Bedside Diagnosis
  17. Weiss J. Chapter 151. Toluene and Xylene. In: Olson KR, ed. Poisoning & Drug Overdose. 6th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2012. http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=55982958. Accessed April 21, 2013.
  18. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ana.410350516/abstract
  19. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  20. http://parkinsonsdiseasefoundation.blogspot.com/2012/08/vascular-parkinsonism.html
  21. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  22. Ropper AH, Samuels MA. Chapter 4. Abnormalities of Movement and Posture Caused by Disease of the Basal Ganglia. In: Ropper AH, Samuels MA, eds. Adams and Victor's Principles of Neurology. 9th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2009. http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=3630437. Accessed April 21, 2013.
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External links