Picenadol

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Picenadol (LY-97435) is a 4-phenylpiperidine derivative that is an opioid analgesic drug developed by Eli Lilly in the 1970s.[1]

Picenadol is an effective analgesic with similar efficacy to pethidine (meperidine). It has been investigated for some applications such as obstetrics[2] and dentistry,[3] but never commercialised.

It is unusual in that one enantiomer is a pure μ-opioid agonist, while the other is an antagonist.[4] The (3R,4R) isomer is the agonist, while (3S,4S) is antagonist.[5] This means that the racemic mix of the two enantiomers is a mixed agonist-antagonist, with relatively low abuse potential, and little of the κ-opioid activity that tends to cause problems with other opioid mixed agonist-antagonists such as pentazocine.[6]

Synthesis

Picenadol synthesis 1: U.S. Patent 4,499,274
Picenadol synthesis 2:[7]

See also

References

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  1. ↑ US Patent 4081450 - 1,3,4-Trisubstituted-4-arylpiperidines and their preparation
  2. ↑ Sherline DM. Picenadol (LY 150720) compared with meperidine and placebo for relief of post-cesarean section pain: a randomized double-blind study. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 1983 Oct 15;147(4):404-6.
  3. ↑ Goldstein DJ, Brunelle RL, George RE, Cooper SA, Desjardins PJ, Gaston GW, Jeffers GE, Gallegos LT, Reynolds DC. Picenadol in a large multicenter dental pain study. Pharmacotherapy. 1994 Jan-Feb;14(1):54-9.
  4. ↑ Leander JD, Zimmerman DM. Effects of picenadol and its agonist and antagonist isomers on schedule-controlled behavior. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 1983 Dec;227(3):671-5.
  5. ↑ Froimowitz M, Cody V. Absolute configurations and conformations of the opioid agonist and antagonist enantiomers of picenadol. Chirality. 1995;7(7):518-25.
  6. ↑ Zimmerman DM, Smits SE, Hynes MD, Cantrell BE, Leander JD, Mendelsohn LG, Nickander R. Picenadol. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 1985 Feb;14(3-4):381-401.
  7. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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