Pierre Charles Chesnelong

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File:CHESNELONG Charles.jpg
Pierre Charles Chesnelong

Pierre-Charles Chesnelong (24 April 1820 – 22 July 1899) was a French politician, one of the leaders of the legitimist party.

Biography

Pierre-Charles Chesnelong, who usually used only his middle name, was born at Orthez in the départment of the Basses-Pyrénées. He studied in Paris after a brilliant education at the Imperial High School in Pau. Although he wished to take the competitive examination for the École Polytechnique, he gave in to his mother's wish that he remain in Orthez to take over the family business: he took over the management of the cloth trading company inherited from his father, Jean Chesnelong.[1]

In 1848, during the French uprising, he proclaimed himself a Republican; but, after the establishment of the Second Empire, he changed his views, and in 1865 was returned to the Chamber of Deputies as the official candidate for his native place. He at once became conspicuous, both for his eloquence and for his uncompromising clericalism, especially in urging the necessity for maintaining the temporal power of the papacy. [2]

In 1869, he was again returned, and, devoting himself to financial questions, was in 1870 appointed to report the budget. During and after the Franco-Prussian War, for which he voted, he retired for a while into private life; but in 1872 he was again elected deputy, this time as a Legitimist, and took his seat among the conservative Right of the French Third Republic.[2]

He was the soul of the opposition that led to the fall of Adolphe Thiers; in 1873, it was he who, with Lucien Brun, carried the proposals of the Chambers to the Bourbon claimant Comte de Chambord. Through some misunderstanding, he reported on his return that the count had accepted all the terms offered, including the retention of the drapeau tricolore. But on October 27, 1873, L'Union published an open letter from Chambord reiterating his attachment to the white flag and his refusal of any compromise.

On November 20, 1873, also a member of the Commission of the Thirty, Chesnelong voted for the Septennat. Chesnelong now devoted himself to the establishment of Roman Catholic universities and to the formation of workers' circles (to combat the trade unionism of various socialists). In 1876, he was again returned for Orthez, but was unseated, and then beaten by the Republican candidate. On November 24, however, he was elected to a seat in the French Senate, where he continued his vigorous polemic against the progressive attempts of the republican government to secularize the educational system of France until his death in 1894.[2]

In July 1886, he spoke out against the removal of the Princes of Orleans from the army by General Boulanger.

He was the father of Bishop Émile Chesnelong, the president of the Bar Pierre Chesnelong and the jurist Joseph Chesnelong, as well as the grandfather of Charles Chesnelong and the father-in-law of Antonin Deloume.

Works

  • Discours sur la devise de l'école de Sorèze: "Religioni, scientiis, artibus, armis", prononcé dans une séance littéraire de cette école, le 4 avril 1872 (1872)
  • L'Action sociale du christianisme (1877)
  • Les Comités catholiques et la défense religieuse (1877)
  • L'Education chrétienne et l'école sans Dieu (1879)
  • Les décrets du 29 mars et les devoirs des catholiques (1880)
  • La liberté de l'Eglise et la laïcisation (1883)
  • La séparation de l'Eglise et de l'Etat (1884)
  • Le budget des cultes (1885)
  • Des rapports de la papauté et du travail (1887)
  • Charles Chesnelong, La question sociale à l'assemblée des catholiques (1887)
  • Jeanne d'Arc et la vocation chrétienne de la France (1894)
  • Un témoignage sur un point d'histoire La campagne monarchique d'octobre 1873 (1895)
  • Allocution prononcée à l'assemblée générale de la Société d'éducation et d'enseignement, le 28 mai 1897, par M. Charles Chesnelong (1897)
  • Les derniers jours de l'Empire et le gouvernement de M. Thiers. Mémoires publiés par son petit-fils (1932)
  • L'Avènement de la République, 1873-1875. Mémoires publiés par son petit-fils (1934)
  • Rome (1939; illustrated by Robert Cami)

References

  1. ↑ Jean Chesnelong was married since November 18, 1813 to Marie Célestine Laborde, of Salies-de-Béarn. His father, Philippe Chesnelong, a planter in Martinique born around 1750 in Saint-Domingue, was the first mayor of Lagor, until 1795 when he died on the high seas while trying to save his capital following the revolts of 1790. He had three daughters and a son, Jean Chesnelong, from his marriage in 1768 to his first cousin Jeanne de Seignor.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Chisholm 1911.
Attribution
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References

  • Jean-Claude Drouin, "Charles Chesnelong et l'Affaire du Drapeau Blanc d'après ses papiers personnels." In: Extrait des actes du 94e Congrès national des Sociétés savantes. Paris: Bibliothèque Nationale, 1971.
  • Auguste Laveille, Chesnelong sa vie, son action politique et parlementaire 1820-1899. Paris: P. Lethielleux, 1913.
  • M. de Marcey, Charles Chesnelong, son histoire et celle de son temps (1860-1899). Lyon: E. Vitte, 1908.
  • C. de Kirwan, Charles Chesnelong. Son rôle sous le second empire et les régimes qui ont suivi. Paris: Sueur-Charruey.

External links

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