Pipe major

An early photograph of a Pipe Major of the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders.

The pipe major is the leading musician of a pipe band, whether military or civilian. Like the appointment of drum major, the position is derived from British Army traditions. During the early twentieth century, the term sergeant piper was used instead. The pipe major is often assisted by a pipe sergeant, who has similar duties in the band and leads the band in the absence of the pipe major.

The civilian Simon Fraser University Pipe Band led by pipe major Terry Lee on the right of the band and pipe sergeant Jack Lee on the left

The pipe major leads the band musically, providing the rhythm by tapping his foot. Whilst marching, the pipe major is normally at the front right of the band.

British Army

A pipe major's position is an appointment and not a rank. An appointee is required to have attained the rank of at least sergeant and to have successfully completed the pipe major's course at the Army School of Bagpipe Music and Highland Drumming. A pipe major may subsequently be promoted to staff sergeant/colour sergeant, warrant officer class 2, and rarely warrant officer class 1. Since the pipes and drums of an infantry regiment are typically assigned the military duties of a machine gun platoon, the pipe major is also responsible for:

• Command (or second-in-command) of the platoon during military exercises or combat
• Maintenance of military discipline in his platoon
• Purveyance and promotion of regimental custom, tradition and history

He is customarily addressed and referred to as "Pipe Major", not by his service rank. The insignia of appointment is four point-up chevrons worn on the lower sleeve, usually surmounted by a bagpipe badge and often by a crown or other badge, dependent on rank and regiment. This badge is worn on a leather strap on the wrist in shirt-sleeve order.

Canadian forces

A pipe major in the Canadian military is also an appointment, not a service rank. Pipe majors are appointed by the commanding officer of a unit or formation. The insignia (a four-bar chevron with bagpipe badge) is usually surmounted by the service rank badge.

Most pipe majors in the Canadian forces are also responsible for regular force volunteer bands or primary reserve bands, and there are two pipe majors posted to regular force brass and reed bands: the Royal Canadian Air Force Band and the Royal Canadian Artillery Band.