Planorbarius corneus
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| A live individual of Planorbarius corneus, carrying the shell with the umbilicus uppermost | |
| File:Planorbarius corneus 001.JPG | |
| A shell of Planorbarius corneus | |
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P. corneus
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| Planorbarius corneus |
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Planorbarius corneus, common name the great ramshorn, is a relatively large species of air-breathing freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails, or planorbids, which all have sinistral or left-coiling shells. [3]
The shell of this species appears to be dextral in coiling, even though it is in fact sinistral or left-handed.
Contents
Description
- For terms see gastropod shell
All species within family Planorbidae have sinistral shells.
Planorbarius corneus is the largest European species of ramshorn snail (family Planorbidae), with a shell typically measuring 35 millimetres (1.4 in) across when fully-grown.[4]
The 10–17 by 22–40 millimetres (0.39–0.67 by 0.87–1.57 in) coiled shell has between 3 and 4.5 rounded whorls with deep sutures, the last whorl predominating. The upper side is weakly depressed and the lower side is deeply depressed (flattened on the underside but spire recessed on the upper side). There is no keel. The shell is light yellowish with a brown, reddish or greenish periostracum, radially and spirally weakly striated. The aperture is wide and almost circular. The animal is brown or reddish.[citation needed]
Distribution
Planorbarius corneus is distributed from western Europe, through central Europe and into the Caucasus, north into Siberia and south into the Middle East. In western Europe, it has been recorded in Belgium, France and the British Isles (including Britain, Ireland, the Isle of Man, Guernsey and Jersey). It is not found in Spain, but it has been recorded on some Spanish and Portuguese Atlantic islands, including Madeira, the Azores, the Canary Islands. In the Nordic countries, it has been recorded in Denmark, Finland, Sweden and Norway. Its range extends through central Europe (including Austria, Germany, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Lichtenstein, Switzerland and the Czech Republic) into southern Europe (where it has been recorded in Greece and Italy) and eastern Europe and the Caucasus (including Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia, Montenegro, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia and the Ukraine). The species is also found in western Asia, having been recorded in Kazakhstan, Iran, western regions of Russia, Turkey, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan.[1]
Additionally, as the species is sometimes sold in the aquarium trade, it is also found outside of its main range in small ponds where they have been released or placed.[1]
Habitat
This large planorbid is found in water which is still, or only moving slowly, where there is a good growth of many different kinds of pond weeds, and where there are high levels of calcium dissolved in the water.[5]
Planorbarius corneus under high temperatures has been studied by Kartavykh & Podkovkin (2002).[6]
Reproduction
Reproduction in spring and autumn at water temperatures above 15 °C, eggs (diameter 1.2-1.7 mm) are laid in mostly elongate capsules of 8–15 mm width, each strain containing 12-40 eggs, fixed to aquatic plants, embryos are reddish with transparent shells, juveniles hatch after 14–16 days, life span up to 3 years. Self-fertilization is possible, one single released animal can establish a stable population, but only 5% of the juveniles in self-fertilized eggs will hatch. [7]
Parasites
This species of snail functions as a host for several parasite species:
- First intermediate host for Prosthogonimus ovatus[8]
- First intermediate host for Apatemon gracilis[9]
- First and as second intermediate host for Hypoderaeum conoideum[10]
- Intermediate host for Syngamus trachea[11]
- Intermediate host for Typhlocoelum sisowi[12]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Linnaeus C. (1758). Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. 10th edition. - Vermes. Testacea: 700–781. Holmiae. (Salvius).
- ↑ Marshall, B. (2014). Planorbarius corneus (Linnaeus, 1758). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=819958 on 2014-11-06
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Janus, Horst, 1965. ‘’The young specialist looks at land and freshwater molluscs’’, Burke, London
- ↑ (Russian) Kartavykh T. N. & Podkovkin V. G. (2002) "[Influence of high temperature of environment upon cholinesterase activity in Gastropoda Planorbis corneus]". 152–157. PDF.
- ↑ http://www.animalbase.uni-goettingen.de/zooweb/servlet/AnimalBase/home/species?id=1195
- ↑ Prosthogonimus ovatus (Parasite Species Summary)
- ↑ Apatemon gracilis (Parasite Species Summary)
- ↑ Hypoderaeum conoideum (Parasite Species Summary)
- ↑ Syngamus trachea (Parasite Species Summary)
- ↑ Typhlocoelum sisowi (Parasite Species Summary)
- Spencer, H.G., Marshall, B.A. & Willan, R.C. (2009). Checklist of New Zealand living Mollusca. Pp 196-219 in Gordon, D.P. (ed.) New Zealand inventory of biodiversity. Volume one. Kingdom Animalia: Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia. Canterbury University Press, Christchurch.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Planorbarius corneus. |
- Planorbarius corneus at Animalbase taxonomy,short description, distribution, biology,status (threats), images
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Pesticides Database - Chemical Toxicity Studies
