Post-bop
| Post-bop | |
|---|---|
| Stylistic origins | |
| Cultural origins | Early 1960s, New York City |
| Typical instruments | |
Post-bop is a genre of small-combo jazz that evolved in the early to mid-1960s.
Definition
Post-bop is jazz from the mid-1960s onward that assimilates hard bop, modal jazz, avant-garde and free jazz without necessarily being immediately identifiable as any of the above.[citation needed]
According to musicologist Jeremy Yudkin, post-bop does not follow "the conventions of bop or the apparently formless freedom of the new jazz".[1] He wrote in his definition of the subgenre:
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Forms, tempos, and meters are freer, all the compositions are new, and the band members themselves are featured composers.... [A]n approach that is abstract and intense in the extreme, with space created for rhythmic and coloristic independence of the drummer—an approach that incorporated modal and chordal harmonies, flexible form, structured choruses, melodic variation, and free improvisation."[1]
History
Miles Davis' second quintet was active during 1965 to 1968 and featured pianist Herbie Hancock, bassist Ron Carter, saxophonist Wayne Shorter, and drummer Tony Williams. They recorded six studio albums that, according to All About Jazz's C. Michael Bailey, introduced post-bop: E.S.P. (1965), Miles Smiles (1967), Sorcerer (1967), Nefertiti (1968), Miles in the Sky (1968), and Filles de Kilimanjaro (1968).[1]
Much "post-bop" was recorded on Blue Note Records. Key albums include Speak No Evil by Wayne Shorter; The Real McCoy by McCoy Tyner; Out to Lunch by Eric Dolphy; Miles Smiles by Miles Davis; Maiden Voyage by Herbie Hancock; and Search for the New Land by Lee Morgan (an artist not typically associated with the post-bop genre). Most post-bop artists worked in other genres as well, with a particularly strong overlap with earlier hard bop.
By the early seventies, most of the major post-bop artists had moved on to jazz fusion of one form or another.[citation needed]
