Archcathedral Basilica of St. Peter and St. Paul, Poznań

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For other uses, see St. Peter and St. Paul's Church (disambiguation).
Poznań Cathedral
Poznan katedra Piotra Pawla 01.jpg
The Archcathedral Basilica of St. Peter and St. Paul
Basic information
Location Poznań, Poland
Geographic coordinates Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
Affiliation Roman Catholic
District Archdiocese of Poznań
Year consecrated 1880
Ecclesiastical or organizational status Cathedral (968)
Metropolitan archcathedral (1821)
Minor basilica (1962)
Website http://www.katedra.archpoznan.org.pl
Architectural style Gothic, among others
Completed 10th century (first construction)
29 June 1956 (latest renovation)

The Archcathedral Basilica of St. Peter and St. Paul in Poznań is one of the oldest churches in Poland and the oldest Polish cathedral, dating from the 10th century. It stands on the island of Ostrów Tumski north-east of the city centre.

History

The cathedral was originally built in the second half of the 10th century within the fortified settlement (gród) of Poznań, which stood on what is now called Ostrów Tumski ("Cathedral Island"). This was one of the main political centres in the early Polish state, and included a ducal palace (excavated by archaeologists since 1999, beneath the Church of the Virgin Mary which stands in front of the cathedral). The palace included a chapel, perhaps built for Dobrawa, Christian wife of Poland's first historical ruler, Mieszko I. Mieszko himself was baptised in 966, possibly at Poznań – this is regarded as a key event in the Christianization of Poland and consolidation of the state. The cathedral was built around this time; it was raised to the status of a cathedral in 968 when the first missionary bishop, Bishop Jordan, came to Poland.

Saint Peter became the patron of the church because, as the first cathedral in the country, it had the right to have the same patron as St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican. The pre-Romanesque church which was built at that time was about 48 meters in length. Remains of this building are still visible in the basements of today's basilica. The first church survived for about seventy years, until the period of the pagan reaction and the raid of the Bohemian duke Bretislav I (1034–1038). The cathedral was rebuilt in the Romanesque style, remains of which are visible in the southern tower.

In the 14th and 15th centuries, the church was rebuilt in the Gothic style. At that time, a crown of chapels was added. A fire in 1622 did such serious damage that the cathedral needed a complete renovation, which was carried out in the Baroque style. Another major fire broke out in 1772 and the church was rebuilt in the Neo-Classical style. In 1821, Pope Pius VII raised the cathedral to the status of a Metropolitan Archcathedral and added the second patron - Saint Paul. The last of the great fires occurred on 15 February 1945, during the liberation of the city from the Germans. The damage was serious enough that the conservators decided to return to the Gothic style, using as a base medieval relics revealed by the fire. The cathedral was reopened on 29 June 1956. In 1962, Pope John XXIII gave the church the title of minor basilica.

Notable interments

The cathedral is the place of burial of the following rulers:

Gallery

  • Poznań Katedra Alberti.jpg

    The pre-1945 façade (illustration from 1798)

  • View of the eastern side

  • Tomb of Mieszko the First and Bolesław Chrobry

  • Mieczysław I Kruszy Bałwany RB.JPG

    Mieczysław I by January Suchodolski

  • Złota Kaplica Kopuła RB1.JPG

    Dome of the Golden Chapel

  • Monument of Mieszko I and Bolesław Chrobry, by Christian Daniel Rauch, founded by Edward Raczyński

  • 6 Poznan 137.jpg

    Altar

  • Katedra w Poznaniu Łukasz I Górka RB1.JPG

    Tomb plate from Visher's workshop of voivod Łukasz I Górka

  • Płyta Vicherowska Poznań RB1.JPG

    Tomb plate from Visher's workshop of canon Bernard Lubrański

  • Krzysztof Boguszewski Wjazd św Marcina do Amiens RB1.JPG

    Entry of St. Martin to Amiens

  • Niebieskie Jeruzalem Krzysztof Boguszewski RB1.JPG

    Heavenly Jerusalem

  • Katedra Poznan Plan.svg

    Plan of the cathedral

See also

External links

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