List of heads of state of Hungary

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President of Hungary
Magyarország elnöke
Standard of the President of Hungary.svg
Ader Janos.jpg
Incumbent
János Áder

since 10 May 2012
Residence Sándor Palace
Budapest, Hungary
Appointer National Assembly
Term length Five years, renewable once
Inaugural holder Mátyás Szűrös
Formation 23 October 1989
Website The Office of the President of the Republic:
keh.hu (in Hungarian; at October 2012, home page offered link to English module)

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For earlier rulers, see Grand Prince of the Hungarians, King of Hungary and List of Hungarian monarchs

This is a list of heads of state of Hungary from the Hungarian Revolution of 1848 until the present day.

Currently, the head of state of Hungary is the President of the Republic (Hungarian: Köztársasági elnöke), elected by the members of the National Assembly every five years, and he or she has a largely ceremonial role. By the Constitution of Hungary, based on the post-World War II Basic Law of the Federal Republic of Germany, the Hungarian Prime Minister has a leading role in the executive branch as he selects Government ministers and has the exclusive right to dismiss them.

The current President of the Republic is János Áder, who took office on 10 May 2012.

Heads of State of Hungary (1848–present)

Hungarian Revolution of 1848 (1848–1849)

Parties       Opposition Party       Military

# Picture Name From Until Political Party Title
1 Vastagh Portrait of Lajos Kossuth.jpg Lajos Kossuth
(1802–1894)
14 April 1849 11 August 1849 Opposition Party Governor-President
Also Prime Minister
until 1 May 1849
Görgei Artúr by Miklós Barabás.jpg Artúr Görgey
(1818–1916)
11 August 1849 13 August 1849 Military Acting civil and military authority

After the collapse of the Hungarian Revolution of 1848, Hungary became an integral part of the Austrian Empire until 1867, when dual Austro-Hungarian Monarchy was created.

Kingdom of Hungary during Austria-Hungary (1867–1918)

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Hungarian Democratic Republic (1918–1919)

Parties       F48P–Károlyi

# Picture Name From Until Political Party Title
1 Mihaly-karolyi--outlawsdiary00tormuoft.jpg Mihály Károlyi
(1875–1955)
16 November 1918 21 March 1919 F48P–Károlyi President of the Republic
Also Prime Minister
until 11 January 1919

Hungarian Soviet Republic (1919)

Parties       MSZP/SZKMMP       MSZDP

# Picture Name From Until Political Party Title
1 Garbai Sándor (1919) (cropped).jpg Sándor Garbai
(1879–1947)
21 March 1919 1 August 1919 MSZP/SZKMMP Chairman of the Central Executive Council
Peidl Gyula.jpg Gyula Peidl
(1873–1943)
1 August 1919 6 August 1919
(deposed)
MSZDP Acting Head of State
Also Prime Minister

Hungarian Republic (1919–1920)

Parties       Independent       KNEP

# Picture Name From Until Political Party Title
1 Joseph August Austria 1872 1962 in1916.jpg Archduke Joseph August
(1872–1962)
7 August 1919 23 August 1919 Independent
(Regent)
Regent of Hungary
István Friedrich Hungarian Prime Minister.jpg István Friedrich
(1883–1951)
23 August 1919 24 November 1919 KNP → KNEP Acting Head of State
Also Prime Minister
Huszar Karoly.jpg Károly Huszár
(1882–1941)
24 November 1919 1 March 1920 KNEP

Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946)

Parties       Independent

# Picture Name From Until Political Party Title
2 Horthy the regent.jpg Miklós Horthy
(1868–1957)
1 March 1920 15 October 1944 Independent
(Regent)
Regent of Hungary

Government of National Unity (1944–1945)

Parties       Arrow Cross Party

# Picture Name From Until Political Party Title
1 Ferenc Szálasi.jpg Ferenc Szálasi
(1897–1946)
16 October 1944 28 March 1945 Arrow Cross Party Leader of the Nation
De facto, appointed by the Germans
Also Prime Minister

Soviet Backed Provisional Governments (1944–1946)

Parties       Independent

# Picture Name From Until Political Party Title
Béla Miklós de Dálnok 1942.jpg Béla Miklós
(1890–1948)
21 December 1944 25 January 1945 Independent Head of State
Also Prime Minister
In opposition
Coa Hungary Country History med (1919-1938).svg High National Council 26 January 1945 1 February 1946 Multi-party Collective Head of State
In opposition to 28 March 1945

Hungarian Republic (1946–1949)

Parties       FKGP       MKP-MDP

# Picture Name From Until Political Party Title
1 Zoltán Tildy 1914 cropped.png Zoltán Tildy
(1889–1961)
1 February 1946 3 August 1948 FKGP President of the Republic
2 Szakasits Árpád 1949.jpg Árpád Szakasits
(1888–1965)
3 August 1948 23 August 1949 MDP

Hungarian People's Republic (1949–1989)

Chairman of the Presidential Council

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Parties       MDP-MSZMP       Independent

# Picture Name From Until Political Party Title
1 Szakasits Árpád 1949.jpg Árpád Szakasits
(1888–1965)
23 August 1949 26 April 1950 MDP Chairman of the Presidential Council
2 Rónai Sándor (crop).jpg Sándor Rónai
(1892–1965)
8 May 1950 14 August 1952
3 Dobi István 1948-06.jpg István Dobi
(1898–1968)
14 August 1952 25 October 1956
(3) 25 October 1956 14 April 1967 MSZMP
4 Pál Losonczi.jpg Pál Losonczi
(1919–2005)
14 April 1967 25 June 1987
5 Németh Károly -Fortepan.jpg Károly Németh
(1922–2008)
25 June 1987 29 June 1988
6 Sraub F. Brunó2.jpg Brunó Ferenc Straub
(1914–1996)
29 June 1988 23 October 1989 Independent

General Secretary of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party

Parties       MDP-MSZMP

# Picture Name From Until Political Party Notes
1 Matyas Rakosi.jpg Mátyás Rákosi
(1892–1971)
February 1945 18 July 1956 MDP Also Prime Minister (1952–1953)
2 Ernő Gerő 1962.jpg Ernő Gerő
(1898–1980)
18 July 1956 25 October 1956
3 János Kádár (fototeca.iiccr.ro).jpg János Kádár
(1912–1989)
25 October 1956 27 May 1988 MSZMP Also Prime Minister (1956–1958 and 1961–1965)
4 Grósz Károly 1986.jpg Károly Grósz
(1930–1996)
27 May 1988 7 October 1989 Also Prime Minister (1987–1988)
5 Nyers Rezső 1970.jpg Rezső Nyers
(1923–)
26 June 1989 7 October 1989 Party President; outranked Grósz after 26 June

Hungary (1989–present)

Parties       MSZMP-MSZP       SZDSZ       Fidesz       Independent

# Picture Name From Until Political Party Title Term
(Election)
80px Mátyás Szűrös
(1933–)
23 October 1989 2 May 1990 MSZP Provisional President of the Republic
Goncz arpad.jpg Árpád Göncz
(1922–2015)
2 May 1990 3 August 1990 SZDSZ Acting President of the Republic
1 4 August 1990 4 August 1995 President of the Republic 1 (1990)
4 August 1995 4 August 2000 2 (1995)
2 Ferenc Mádl.jpg Ferenc Mádl
(1931–2011)
4 August 2000 5 August 2005 Independent 3 (2000)
3 László Sólyom.jpg László Sólyom
(1942–)
5 August 2005 6 August 2010 4 (2005)
4 SchmittPal-2011-01.jpg Pál Schmitt
(1942–)
6 August 2010 2 April 2012
(resigned)
Fidesz 5 (2010)
László Kövér Senate of Poland 01.JPG László Kövér
(1959–)
2 April 2012 10 May 2012 Acting President of the Republic
5 Ader Janos.jpg János Áder
(1959–)
10 May 2012 Incumbent President of the Republic 6 (2012)

Living former presidents

Name Term Date of birth
Mátyás Szűrös 1989–1990 11 September 1933
László Sólyom 2005–2010 3 January 1942
Pál Schmitt 2010–2012 13 May 1942

Latest election

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Hungarian presidential election, 2012[1]
Candidate Nominating party Votes  %
In favor of János Áder Fidesz 262
Against Áder --- 40
Did not vote 79
Invalid votes 5
Total votes 307
Total seats 386 100.00

See also

References