Province of Valencia

Province of Valencia Provincia de Valencia (Spanish) Província de València (Valencian)
Province
Platja de la Patacona d'Alboraia
Coat of arms
Map of Spain with Province of Valencia highlighted
Autonomous community	Valencian
Capital	València
Area
• Total	10,763 km2 (4,156 sq mi)
Area rank	Ranked
	2.13% of Spain
Population (2013)
• Total	2,566,474
• Rank	Ranked
	5.45% of Spain
Demonym(s)	valencians
Official language(s)	Spanish and Valencian
Parliament	Cortes Generales

Map of the province of València and its main towns. The first crown of València metropolitan area is drawn in dark brown.

Valencia (Spanish: [baˈlenθja]) or València (Valencian: [vaˈlensia]) is a province of Spain, in the central part of the Valencian Community. Of the province's 2,566,474 people (2013), one-third live in the capital, València, which is also the capital of the autonomous community. There are 265 municipalities in the province.

History

Although the Spanish Constitution of 1812 loosely created the province of València, a stable administrative entity does not arise until the territorial division of Spain in 1833, remaining today without major changes. The Provincial Council of València dates sfrom that period. After the Valencian Statute of Autonomy of 1982, the province became part of the Valencian Community.

Geography

It is bordered by the provinces of Alicante, Albacete, Cuenca, Teruel, Castellón, and the Mediterranean Sea. The northwestern side of the province is in the mountainous Sistema Ibérico area. Part of its territory, the Rincón de Ademuz, is an exclave sandwiched between the provinces of Cuenca and Teruel. The province is historically subdivided into the comarques of El Camp de Túria, El Camp de Morvedre, La Canal de Navarrés, La Costera, La Foia de Bunyol, Horta de València, Horta Nord, Horta Oest, Horta Sud, Valencia, Plana de Utiel, Rincón de Ademuz, La Ribera Alta, Ribera Baixa, Safor, Serrans, Vall d'Albaida and Vall de Cofrents.

The province of Valencia, like the rest of the region, is mountainous in the interior, particularly in the north and west, with the Sistema Central running from north to south and the foothills of Andalusia from west to east. This mountainous interior features deep and steep valleys formed by the major rivers running through it. The plain of Valencia, is the second largest coastal plain of the country, located in the low region between the Júcar and Turia river valleys. It is about thirty miles long and twenty wide; on three sides it is bounded by the mountains of Segura, and on the fourth by the sea. In 1843 it was cited as "one of the most fertile and best cultivated spots in Europe". The other main rivers include the Palancia and the Serpis. The Altiplano de Requena-Utiel range, in the interior of the Valencia region, has an average height of about 750 m. The principal mountains in the province are Cerro Calderón (1837 m), Sierra del Caroche (1126 m), Sierra del Benicadell (1104 m), Sierra Calderona (1015 m), Sierra de Martés (1085 m), Sierra del Negrete (1306 m), Sierra de Enguera (1056 m), and the Sierra de Mondúver (841 m).

Municipalities

Main article: List of municipalities in Valencia

Economy

The València plains are known for their olive, mulberry, ilex, algaroba, orange, and palm trees, with the appearance of an "immense garden". Such is the fertility of the soil, that two and three crops in the year are generally obtained, and the greater part of the land returns eight per cent. The rice crops are the most valuable, and are chiefly produced in the tract which is irrigated by the Albufera, a large lake in the neighbourhood of València. Rice being the principal food of the lower classes, the crop is generally consumed in the province, with the exception of a small quantity which finds its way into Castile and Andalucia. The other chief product is the white mulberry, once the source of great wealth: it was worked in the silk-factories of València. In 1828, the produce of silk from the vega of València amounted to one million of pounds yearly, the greater part of which was exported in its raw state, but the produce has greatly increased since, owing to demands from the manufacturers of Lyon and other towns in the south of France. The province of València is a notable producer of satins, silk ribbons, and velvets. The export of fruit from Valencia is also considerable, particularly of raisins. The raisins are of two kinds, the muscatel, and an inferior and smaller raisin, called pasa de legia. The export of figs, oil, and wine from the province and ports of València is also considerable, with a wine known as Beni Carlo, which as of 1843 was shipped to Cette. Mercury, copper, sulphur, arsenic, argentiferous lead, iron, coal, etc. are among the mineral products, but they are procured only in small quantities. Today, tourism is a major source of income, with the city of València and the resort towns along the coast being the primary earners during the summer months.

References

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Penny Cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge, by C. Knight (1843)