Rijksakademie

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File:Michel de Klerk Competition Amsterdam 1917.jpg
Unreacted competition design for the new Rijsksakademe van beeldende kunsten by Michel de Klerk from the year 1917.
File:Rijksacademie-amsterdam.jpg
Rijksakademie van beeldende kunsten - courtyard.

The Rijksakademie van beeldende kunsten (English: State Academy of Fine Arts) was founded in 1870, Dutch art school, based in Amsterdam, Netherlands. It is a classical Akademia, a place where philosophers, academics and artists meet to test and exchange ideas and knowledge. It promotes visual artists through a two-year stay.

In addition, she was in the past the site of the new movement of the Amsterdam Impressionism as part of the international movement of Impressionism. By art historians it is also known as School of Allebé. From here essential impetus from the movement of modernity. This was made possible mainly through the opening of teaching activities of the newly appointed director August Allebé in 1880. Among the most important pioneers include such well-known names such as Georg Breitner, Jan Toorop, Piet Mondrian and Willem Arnoldus Witsen.

History of 1718-1869

In the Kingdom of the Netherlands in Amsterdam, there has been since 1718-1819 a municipal art school. She is also known as the Stadstekenacademie Amsterdam. In 1820 the Koninklijke Academie van Beeldende kunsten was founded. She was the continuation of this tradition.[1] They used mainly the panel painting in oil technology. The style was the historically evolved landscape painting in connection with the neoclassicism. From 1820-1830 this educational institution had to share this position with the Royal Academy of Art, The Hague. In 1869 it was dissolved and realigned, she wore from then on the name Rijksakademie van beeldende kunsten.

On the history of the young Rijksakademie

Students of the Rijksakademie in 1882/83.

The rijksakademie van beeldende kunsten will - in its understanding - be a place to come together to the philosophers, scientists and artists, to check knowledge and ideas and to share them. In 1870 she was founded by King William III. The aim was through state cultural funding to give visual artists an education opportunity. Early students were among others George Hendrik Breitner, Isaac Israëls and Willem Witsen, one of which ran out of Amsterdam Impressionism.

Under the patronage of the director, Professor August Allebé, the student movement St. Lucas (the patron saint of painters) was founded. Here the subjects offered should be strengthened at the academy. Also, it was to promote the collegial relationship among the students.[2]

The second influence of Allebé was the changement in the doctrin of art. His cosmopolitan attitude toward art as a movement and the promotion and motivation of his students is very important for the Rijksakademie. Thus she had been a place of work and part of the art movements of the early 20th century substantial proportion. There were a significant stimulous to the movement of avant-garde in art.[3]

The Academy today

In 1992, the State Academy moved into a former cavalry barracks on Sarphatistraat in Amsterdam. For the current function of these buildings have been renovated and modernized. In November 1999 it was transformed into an independent institution. It is financed by a fund of the Ministry of Education and from private sponsors.[4] The Institute also offers workshops with specialized technical personnel and a library with a focus on contemporary art and art history. Students receive a scholarship and a studio offered. In recent years nearly 1200 individuals apply for an academy place. Each year, some twenty applicants are taken on for a place in the college in art. The artists come from all over the world. Less than half of the Netherlands come. Famous artists and important art critic will be invited regularly to visit the studios of the residents.

Prix de Rome

File:Willemi.jpg
Willem I., King of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, who has continued the idea of the Prix de Rome.

The Academy annually awards a Dutch Prix de Rome to eligible artists and architects. This price goes back to the 1666 launched French Prix de Rome. In 1808 Louis Napoléon introduce this prix in the Netherlands to promote art. It is confirmed by King William I of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands and Grand Duke of Luxembourg. From 1870 on the Rijksakademie has taken over the organisation. It is the oldest and most highly endowed art prize in the Netherlands.

In the year 1985 a reorganization of the Prix de Rome has taken place. The prize money has been increased and there were more artists to participate. Also new categories have been added, which annually changed. From 2006 the name of Prix de Rome was changed to Prix de Rome.nl and from now on awarded only in two categories:

  • Category 1: Architecture and
  • Category 2: Fine Arts.

It is presented only in cycles, each with a one-year break. There is only one winner and the first place prize is 40,000 € associated with a subsequent stay abroad. Since 2013, the Rijksakademie has handed over the organization to the Mondriaan Fund.

Professors of the Academy

File:Augustus Allebé (1838-1927). Schilder, directeur van de Rijksacademie van Beeldende Kunsten te Amsterdam Rijksmuseum SK-A-3051.jpeg
Maria Alexandrina Reuss (1886): Augustus Allebé, Rijksmuseum Amsterdam.

Famous Students of the Academy

File:George Hendrik Breitner - Het Damrak te Amsterdam.jpg
George Hendrik Breitner (1903): - Damrak in Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum Amsterdam.
File:Portret van Marie Jeanette de Lange Rijksmuseum SK-A-4989.jpeg
Jan Toorop (1900): Portrait von Marie Jeanette de Lange, Rijksmuseum Amsterdam.
File:Piet Mondriaan, 1926 - Composition en rouge, jaune, bleu et noir.jpg
Piet Mondriaan (1926): Composition en rouge, jaune, bleu et noir, Gemeentemuseum The Hague.

References

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External links

  1. ↑ The polar opposite and rival was the Royal Academy of Beelndende Kunsten to The Hague. It had been founded in 1682 and a night school for painting and drawing, on Saturday the club evenings were held, where conviviality and specialist in mind. From 1820 to about 1830 Amsterdam and The Hague struggled for supremacy in the art world of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The merger with the Engineering School gave The Hague a pioneering role. That reflects what is disgusted in the new building on Prinsengracht.
  2. ↑ this circle of friends was then transformed into an important association of artists. Since those years, it is an essential part of the Amsterdam art scene.
  3. ↑ Here the modern art as movement is understood as superordinate term for an era. Her end is seen in the art movement of postmodernism.
  4. ↑ In the 19th century was founded a Dutch system, which now comes back to the application. - First, private sponsors provide funding. Only if nothing works, intervenes the state.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 She belongs to the Amsterdamse Joffers.
  6. ↑ In 1904 he won the Prix de Rome.
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