SdKfz 2

SdKfz 2 Kettenkrad HK 101
Kettenkrad winter 1943/44 in Russia
Type	light half-track gun tractor
Place of origin	German
Service history
In service	1941-1945
Used by	Nazi Germany
Wars	World War II
Production history
Designer	NSU
Designed	1939
Manufacturer	NSU Motorenwerke
Produced	1939-1948
Specifications
Weight	1,560 kg (3,440 lb)
Length	3 m (9 ft 10 in)
Width	1 m (3 ft 3 in)
Height	1.2 m (3 ft 11 in)
Crew	1 driver
Passengers	2 passengers
Engine	Opel watercooled four-cylinder inline engine 36 bhp (26 kW)
Transmission	3 forward/1 reverse x 2 range
Speed	70 km/h (44 mph)

File:Bundesarchiv Bild 101I-154-1986-03, Russland, Kettenkrad mit Anhänger.jpg

Kettenkrad with trailer Sd.Anh.1, Russia 1943

The SdKfz 2, better known as the Kleines Kettenkraftrad HK 101 or Kettenkrad for short (Ketten = chain/tracks, krad = military abbreviation of the German word Kraftrad, the administrative German term for motorcycle), started its life as a light tractor for airborne troops. The vehicle was designed to be delivered by Junkers Ju 52 aircraft, though not by parachute. The vehicle had the advantage of being the only gun tractor small enough to fit inside the hold of the Ju 52, and was the lightest mass-produced German military vehicle to use the complex Schachtellaufwerk overlapped and interleaved road wheels used on almost all German military half-track vehicles of World War II.

Steering the Kettenkrad was accomplished by turning the handlebars: Up to a certain point, only the front wheel would steer the vehicle. A motion of the handlebars beyond that point would engage the track brakes to help make turns sharper. It was also possible to run the vehicle without the front wheel installed and this was recommended in extreme off-road conditions where speed would be kept low.

The SdKfz 2 was designed and built by the NSU Werke AG at Neckarsulm, Germany. First designed and patented in June 1939, it was first used in the invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941. Later in the war Stoewer from Stettin also produced Kettenkrads under license, accounting for about 10% of the total production.

Most Kettenkrads saw service on the Eastern Front, where they were used to lay communication cables, pull heavy loads and carry soldiers through the deep Russian mud. Later in the war, Kettenkrads were used as runway tugs for aircraft, especially for both the Me 262 jet fighter, and sometimes the Arado Ar 234 jet reconnaissance-bomber. In order to save aviation fuel, A German jet aircraft would be towed to the runway, rather than taxiing under their own power.

The vehicle was also used in the North African theater and on the Western Front.

The Kettenkrad came with a special trailer (Sd.Anh.1) that could be attached to it to improve its cargo capacity.

Being a tracked vehicle, the Kettenkrad could climb up to 24° in sand and even more on hard ground.

Only two significant sub-variations of the Kettenkrad were constructed. Production of the vehicle was stopped in 1944, at which time 8,345 had been built. After the war, production resumed at NSU. Around 550 Kettenkräder were built for agricultural use, with production ending in 1948 (some sources say 1949).

A Kettenkrad appeared in the movie "Saving Private Ryan", where it was used to lure an enemy tank and its accompanying troops into an ambush.

See also

• Springer (demolition vehicle) (Sd.Kfz. 304), a one-use military engineering vehicle based on the Kettenkrad's powertrain.
• List of Sd.Kfz. designations