Self-financing portfolio
A self-financing portfolio is an important concept in financial mathematics.
A portfolio is self-financing if there is no exogenous infusion or withdrawal of money; the purchase of a new asset must be financed by the sale of an old one.
Mathematical definition
Let denote the number of stock number 'i' in the portfolio at time , and the price of stock number 'i' in a frictionless market with trading in continuous time. Let
Then the portfolio is self-financing if
Discrete time
Assume we are given a discrete filtered probability space , and let be the solvency cone (with or without transaction costs) at time t for the market. Denote by . Then a portfolio (in physical units, i.e. the number of each stock) is self-financing (with trading on a finite set of times only) if
- for all we have that with the convention that .[2]
If we are only concerned with the set that the portfolio can be at some future time then we can say that .
If there are transaction costs then only discrete trading should be considered, and in continuous time then the above calculations should be taken to the limit such that .