Sharjah

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Sharjah
الشارقةّ
City
Sharjah
Sharjah (3).jpg
Flag of Sharjah
Flag
Location of Sharjah
Sharjah is located in United Arab Emirates
Sharjah
Sharjah
Location of Sharjah in the UAE
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Country or UAE  UAE
Emirate  Sharjah
Government
 • Type Constitutional monarchy
 • Sheikh H.H. Dr. Sultan bin Mohamed Al-Qasimi
Area
 • Metro 235.5 km2 (90.9 sq mi)
Population (2015)
 • City 1,400,000
The Souq Al Markazi or Blue Souq
Souq Al Markazi at night

Sharjah (/ˈʃɑːrdʒə/; Arabic: الشارقة‎‎ aš-Šāriqah) is the third largest and third most populous city in the United Arab Emirates, forming part of the Dubai-Sharjah-Ajman metropolitan area. It is located along the northern coast of the Persian Gulf on the Arabian Peninsula.

Sharjah is the capital of the emirate of Sharjah. Sharjah shares legal, political, military and economic functions with the other emirates of the UAE within a federal framework, although each emirate has jurisdiction over some functions such as civil law enforcement and provision and upkeep of local facilities. Sharjah has been ruled by the Al Qasimi dynasty since the 18th century.

The city is a centre for culture and industry, and alone contributes 7.4% of the GDP of the United Arab Emirates.[1] The city covers an approximate area of 235 km² and has a population of over 800,000 (2008). The sale or consumption of alcoholic beverages is prohibited in the emirate of Sharjah without possession of an alcohol licence and alcohol is not served in Sharjah hotels, restaurants or other outlets. This has helped Sharjah increase the number of Islamic tourists who visit the country.[2] Sharjah has been officially named as a WHO healthy city.[3]

Overview

Sharjah is the third largest city (after Dubai and Abu Dhabi) in the United Arab Emirates. The palace of the ruler of the Emirate of Sharjah, His Highness Sheikh Dr. Sultan bin Mohamed Al-Qasimi is located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southeast of the city.

The city of Sharjah overlooks the Persian Gulf and has a population of over 800,000 (2008). It contains the main administrative and commercial centres together with an array of cultural and traditional projects, including several museums covering areas such as archaeology, natural history, science, arts, heritage, Islamic art and culture. Distinctive landmarks include two major covered souks, reflecting Islamic design, and a number of recreational areas and public parks such as Al Montazah Fun Park and Al Buheirah Corniche. The city is also notable for its numerous elegant mosques.

After the construction boom that took place in Dubai in 2005, towering skyscrapers and modern buildings were constructed in areas like Al Khan and Khaled Lagoon. These modern tall buildings and the subsequent increase in population coupled with inadequate infrastructure made Sharjah suffer from traffic jams. This was also due to its location between the northeastern emirates and Dubai. Many Sharjah residents travel 15 km (9.3 mi) to visit Dubai on the weekend. Sharjah is bordered by the cities of Dubai and Ajmān and is about 170 km (110 mi) away from the capital city Abu Dhabi.

Neighbourhoods

Eye of the Emirates, a 60-metre (200 ft) tall Ferris wheel at Al Qasba[4]

The following are notable areas of Sharjah:

  • Abu Shagara
  • Al Mahatta
  • Al Majaz
  • Al Nad
  • Al Nahda
  • Al Layyeh
  • Al Taawun
  • Al Yarmook
  • Al Qasba
  • Al Rolla
  • Musallah
  • Al Qulayya
  • Al Mujarrah
  • Muwailah

History

Sharjah was one of the wealthiest towns in this region with a settlement in existence for over 5000 years. In the early 18th century, the Qawasim clan (Huwayla tribe) established itself in Sharjah, c.1727 declaring Sharjah independent. On 8 January 1820, Sheikh Sultan I signed the General Maritime Treaty with Britain, accepting a protectorate to keep the Ottoman Turks out. Like four of its neighbours, Ajman, Dubai, Ras al-Khaimah, and Umm al-Qaiwain, its position on the route to India made it important enough to be recognised as a salute state (be it of the lowest class: 3 guns).

  • Sharjah heritage district.

On 2 December 1971, Sharjah, together with Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Ajman, Umm Al Qawain and Fujairah joined in the Act of Union to form the United Arab Emirates. The seventh emirate, Ras Al Khaimah, joined the UAE on 10 February 1972, following giant non-Arab neighbour Iran's annexation of the RAK-owned Tunbs islands.

Like the other former Trucial States, Sharjah's name is known by many stamp collectors because of the large numbers of stamps that were issued by the Sharjah Post Office shortly before the formation of the United Arab Emirates.[5] Many of these items feature subjects unrelated to the emirates whose names they bear, and therefore many popular catalogues do not list them.[6]

Name

Sultan Al Omaimi, a UAE poet and researcher in folk literature, says that some historians speculate that Sharjah was the name of an idol worshipped in the pre-Islamic era which was known as Rapper Al Shareq.[citation needed]

Other researchers link the word Sharqah to the fact that the city is located to the Sharq, or east, of Dubai and Abu Dhabi. Hence the Arabic classical form of Sharjah is Al Shareqah. It is the colloquial form that is Al Sharjah.

Important Landmarks

Rolla Square

Named after the large Rolla - Banyan Tree - that used to stand in the square[7] (which inspired the sculpture currently at the centre of the park), Rolla Square is a popular location for workers to stroll during the weekends.

Al Hisn Sharjah

Sharjah Fort was demolished in the 1970s but rebuilt and is today a museum.

'Smile You're In Sharjah' Roundabout

Located between the Blue Souq and Fish Market, near union bank the floral call to cheer up etched on the roundabout has lent its name to the roundabout itself.[8]

Blue Souq

The Souq Al Markazi, or Blue Souq, is a popular tourist destination and comprises a gold souq, clothing souq and, on its first floors, antiques and jewellery shops.

Mahattah Fort

The fort was built to house travellers on the Imperial Airways Eastern Empire route and was the site of Sharjah Airport until 1977. It is now an aviation museum.

Heritage district

The Heart Of Sharjah houses several galleries, and museums including the charming heritage museum which gives a great insight into the cultural traditions of the past. The area is also home to the traditional Souk Al Arsa, a covered souk with an array of items to sell including antiques and the office of the Sharjah Centre for Cultural Communication where you can get info on Sharjah attractions.

Sharjah Heritage Museum

The Sharjah Heritage Museum is situated near to the Bait Al Naboodah is just opposite Soouq al-Arsah. This is a beautiful architecturally designed interesting two storey family house. It is built around a shaded courtyard and is dedicated to a family life reconstruction many years ago. There are many rooms which has displays of traditional furniture along with household items too. Moreover, there are also provision of children’s costumes, games and even jewellery.

Sharjah National Park

Sharjah National park covers an area of nearly 630 thousand square feet of area.

Sharjah Aquarium

Located in Al Layyeh, Sharjah aquarium has over 250 species to see right from the delicate seahorses to smallest clown fish, reef sharks, rays and moray eels. Visitors can submerge themselves to the colorful, diverse and rich undersea world which is home to a variety of marine life which is native to the sea.

Arabian Wildlife Center

The Arabian Wildlife Center is the only zoo in Arabia and has different species of animals found in the Arabian Peninsula. Opened in 1999, it is home to more than 100 species of animals. Situated at a convenient location, this center is quite close to the Sharjah International Airport. Despite the hot and dry conditions in most of Arabia, there are a number of mammal species who have adapted to these conditions.

Panoramic view of Sharjah.

Climate

Sharjah has a hot desert climate (Köppen climate classification BWh), with warm winters and extremely hot summers. Rainfall is generally light and erratic, and occurs almost entirely from November to May. About two-thirds of the year's rain falls in the months of February and March.

Climate data for Sharjah
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 32.5
(90.5)		 34.4
(93.9)		 42.1
(107.8)		 43.2
(109.8)		 46.4
(115.5)		 49.2
(120.6)		 47.8
(118)		 48.2
(118.8)		 46.0
(114.8)		 41.4
(106.5)		 37.2
(99)		 32.8
(91)		 49.2
(120.6)
Average high °C (°F) 24.2
(75.6)		 25.2
(77.4)		 28.8
(83.8)		 34.0
(93.2)		 38.5
(101.3)		 40.8
(105.4)		 42.2
(108)		 41.7
(107.1)		 39.8
(103.6)		 36.0
(96.8)		 30.9
(87.6)		 26.2
(79.2)		 34.03
(93.25)
Daily mean °C (°F) 17.6
(63.7)		 18.5
(65.3)		 21.5
(70.7)		 25.7
(78.3)		 29.7
(85.5)		 32.1
(89.8)		 34.2
(93.6)		 33.8
(92.8)		 31.2
(88.2)		 27.8
(82)		 23.1
(73.6)		 19.4
(66.9)		 26.22
(79.2)
Average low °C (°F) 12.1
(53.8)		 12.7
(54.9)		 15.3
(59.5)		 18.3
(64.9)		 21.9
(71.4)		 24.6
(76.3)		 27.5
(81.5)		 27.7
(81.9)		 24.3
(75.7)		 20.6
(69.1)		 16.4
(61.5)		 13.5
(56.3)		 19.58
(67.23)
Record low °C (°F) 3.4
(38.1)		 2.5
(36.5)		 8.3
(46.9)		 10.9
(51.6)		 13.0
(55.4)		 18.3
(64.9)		 21.7
(71.1)		 22.2
(72)		 18.5
(65.3)		 13.3
(55.9)		 9.2
(48.6)		 5.0
(41)		 2.5
(36.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 9.5
(0.374)		 34.8
(1.37)		 33.0
(1.299)		 7.5
(0.295)		 1.4
(0.055)		 0.0
(0)		 0.1
(0.004)		 0.0
(0)		 0.0
(0)		 0.0
(0)		 5.1
(0.201)		 15.5
(0.61)		 106.9
(4.208)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) 1.5 3.3 4.0 1.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.4 2.0 12.7
Average relative humidity (%) 69.0 68.0 64.0 56.0 51.0 56.0 54.0 57.0 62.0 64.0 64.0 69.0 61.2
Mean monthly sunshine hours 244.9 226.8 257.3 294.0 350.3 348.0 331.7 325.5 306.0 300.7 276.0 244.9 3,506.1
Source: NOAA (1977–1991)[9]

Transportation

View inside Sharjah airport.

The city has reasonably well developed transport infrastructure.Like many major cities, Sharjah has a problem with vehicular traffic congesstion during rush hours especially the roads leading to and from the emirates of Dubai. The role of the Sharjah Public Transport Corporation is to reinforce public transportation, setting its policies and find strategic solutions for smooth traffic, providing modern and professional transport services to the passengers, driving Sharjah Emirate or on the InterCity routes, between all emirates in UAE.

Development of transportation services in Sharjah is critical and long term task.

Air The Sharjah International Airport is the avaiation hub of the city.Sharjah Airport is the third largest Middle East airfreight hub in cargo tonnage, according to official 2015 statistics from Airports Council International.Sharjah International Airport is home base of the low-cost carrier Air Arabia.It has daily flights connecting Lebanon, Jordan, London, Netherlands, Ukraine, India, Egypt, Syria, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Saudi Arabia, Iran, etc.

Road There are two major series of highways in Sharjah, which are "E" and "S". E represents roads connecting other emirates and S for roads within the emirates.

The major roads in the emirate of Sharjah includes

  • E 88 - Al Dhaid Road connecting the emirates of Fujairah.
  • E 102 -Sharjah - Kalbah Road - Connecting Fujairha and Kalba.
  • E 311 -Sheik Mohammad Bin Zayed Road -connecting Duabi, Ajman and RAK.
  • E 11 - Al Ithihad Road - Connecting Dubai.
  • E 611 -Emirates Road.connecting Duabi, Ajman and RAK
  • S 12 - Maliha Road.

Taxi Taxis in Sharjah are clean, well maintained and reasonable. Sharjah Public Transportation Corporation is organizing and supervising the operations of taxis in Sharjah Emirate. Sharjah taxi service is provided through franchise companies. They cover all parts of the Emirate and cities, including shopping centres, residential areas and airport.Following are the major taxi operators in the emirates.

  • Sharjah Taxi: Area of operation - Sharjah City and Eastern Regions.
  • Emirates Cab: Area of operation - Sharjah city.
  • City Taxi : Area of operation - Sharjah City and Eastern Regions.
  • Union Taxi: Area of operation - Sharjah city.
  • Advantage Taxi : Area of operation - Sharjah City and Central Regions.

Sharjah Transport Corporation also provides Sharing Transportation with the purpose of serving certain routes in Sharjah City on a fixed rate for each route without using the meter. Sharjah Sharing Taxi routes are carefully selected to support people with low income and are covering areas with frequent needs for quick transfer within same location, to ease the traffic situation in Sharjah city.

Intercity Transport Sharjah Public Transport Corporation operates passenger bus services nationwide, between Sharjah City, Ras Al Khaimah, Khor Fakkan, Kalba, Fujairah, Masafi, Ajman, Umm Al Quwain, Hamriyah Free Zone, Dhaid, Madam, Dibba Al Hisn, Abu Dhabi, Al Ain and Dubai.

Culture

The UAE culture mainly revolves around the religion of Islam and traditional Arab culture. The influence of Islamic and Arab culture on its architecture, music, attire, cuisine and lifestyle are very prominent as well. Five times every day, Muslims are called to prayer from the minarets of mosques which are scattered around the country. Since 2006, the weekend has been Friday-Saturday, as a compromise between Friday's holiness to Muslims and the Western weekend of Saturday-Sunday.[10]

The Ruler of Sharjah ordered the establishment of several cultural institutions. The projects covered conservation of cultural heritage, active interaction with other cultures, construction of museums and the other cultural, scientific and artistic centres in the Emirate and the setting up of a television satellite channel that reflects and projects the value of culture.

In 1998, Sharjah was awarded the ‘Cultural Capital of the Arab World’ title by UNESCO representing the United Arab Emirates.Sharjah has kept the spirit of its history alive by indicatively incorporating tradition into every aspect of contemporary development.[11]

Economy

Sharjah is the headquarters of Air Arabia, the first low cost airline in the Middle East, which operates to the Middle East, Asia and Europe. The headquarters is in the Sharjah Freight Center,[12] on the property of Sharjah International Airport.[13] Sharjah Airport Free zone, popularly known as SAIF Zone, is one of the prominent Free zones in UAE. More than 6000 companies operates from SAIF Zone. The cost of setting up business in Sharjah is less than in any other emirates of UAE, and the focus of industrialisation has in recent years turned Sharjah into a commercial centre. Due to the facility of 100% foreign ownership, repatriation of capital & profits and exemption from income and corporate taxes, SAIF Zone has attracted investors from more than 90 countries.

Education

The American University of Sharjah (AUS).

There are several public and private schools in addition to universities in Sharjah, including the University of Sharjah, American University of Sharjah, Skyline College Sharjah, Sharjah Men's College, and Sharjah Women's College some of those universities are grouped in one place called the University City. Private schools in the city include the American Community School Sharjah, Indian School Sharjah, Sharjah High School, DPS Delhi Private School, Gulf Asian English School and Our Own English High School (Boys' Branch).

Healthcare

List of Hospitals in Sharjah Emirates.

Sports

One Day International at Sharjah in 1998 (Australia v India)

The Sharjah Cricket Association Stadium has hosted almost 218 cricket One Day Internationals, more than any other ground, and 4 Test matches. Football clubs include Al Sharjah and Al-Shaab in the First League, and Al Hemriah, Al The-aed, Al Khaleej and Dibba in the 2nd league.

Football clubs based in Sharjah

Also, the organisers of Sharjah Grand Prix host the Formula One World Powerboating Championships every year at Al Buhaira Corniche, Sharjah. In 2005, it was held under the patronage of Shaikh Sultan Bin Mohammad Bin Sultan Al Qasimi, Crown Prince and Deputy Ruler of Sharjah.

Twin towns – sister cities

Sharjah is twinned with:

Gallery

  • The Buhairah Corniche has numerous upscale hotels. The Sharjah Commerce Tourism Development Authority is also located along the corniche.

  • Off-road vehicles in deserts of Sharjah.

  • Radisson Blu hotel in Sharjah.

  • Etisalat Tower in Sharjah.

  • Al-Qasba channel.

  • Sharjah museum of Islamic civilisation.

  • Inside of Sahara shopping centre.

  • Panoramic view of the Al Khan Lagoon looking south by night.

  • Night view of the boats docked to the east shorline of Al Khan Lagoon.

  • Eye of the Emirates and Fun Fair by night.

  • Panoramic view of the Expo Centre Sharjah by night.

  • Night view of the New Sharjah Chamber of Commerce.

References

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  2. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  3. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ Etisalat Eye of the Emirates – Al Qasba
  5. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ Carlton, R. Scott. The International Encyclopædic Dictionary of Philately. Krause: Iola, 1997, page 173.
  7. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  12. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  14. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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[1]

External links

  1. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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