Slaughter of the Knezes
| Slaughter of the Knezes Seča Knezova |
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| File:BMM-SečaKnezova1804.JPG
Tablet at Belgrade Military history museum
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| Location | Valjevo, Ottoman Serbia |
| Date | January 1804 |
| Target | Serbian nobility |
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Attack type
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Massacre |
| Deaths | 70–150 Serb nobles |
| Perpetrators | Dahija |
The Slaughter of the Knezes (Serbian: Сеча кнезова/Seča knezova), refers to a massacre that was committed in January 1804, on the central square of Valjevo and other parts of the Belgrade Pashaluk (modern Serbia). The victims were the most prominent Serbian nobles, titled Knezes ("local dukes"), of the Belgrade Pashaluk. They were executed by the rebel Dahija, the Jannisary junta that ruled Serbia at the time.[1] A total of some 70 Serbian nobles fell in this slaughter.
The Dahias had taken power in the Pashaluk in defiance of the Sultan and they feared that the Sultan would make use of the Serbs to oust them. To forestall this they decided to execute all noble Serbs throughout Serbia. Notable victims were Aleksa Nenadović and Ilija Birčanin. The event triggered a widespread revolt which eventually evolved into First Serbian Uprising, aimed at putting an end to the 500 years of Ottoman occupation. According to contemporary sources from Valjevo, the severed heads of the murdered men were put on some sort of a public display in the central square to serve as an example to those who might plot against the rule of the Dahia.[1]
Background
While Knez is normally translated as prince, at this time knez referred to the headmen that the Ottomans had relied on to organize the Orthodox population. Each village had a knez and 10 villages had an oborknez.[2] The Muslim population of the Belgrade pashaluk was too few for the Pasha to rely on them to defend the pashaluk, hence the Pasha had the choice either of hiring mercenaries or raising troops from the Orthodox Christian population. In 1797 the Pasha had planned to raise taxes but the Knezes had protested and persuaded him to rely on them to organize the mustering of the local population.[3] The knezes were capable of mustering a force of over 10,000 men.[2] In the event the authorities in Istanbul were too weak to prevent the Janissaries returning and establishing the Dahia but the Knezes remained and were the obvious means for Istanbul to oust the Dahia.
List of victims
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This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.
- obor-knez Aleksa Nenadović of Tamnava-Posava in the Valjevo nahija.
- obor-knez Ilija Birčanin of Podgor in the Valjevo nahija.
- knez Stanoje Mihajlović of Kolubara in the Belgrade nahija.
- knez Teofan of Orašje in the Smederevo nahija.
- knez Petar of Resava in the Jagodina nahija.
- knez Marko Čarapić of Beli Potok in the Belgrade nahija.
- knez Stevan Andrejević Palalija of Begaljica in the Grocka nahija.[4]
- buljukbaša Mata of Lipovac in the Kragujevac nahija.
- buljukbaša Gavrilo Budjevac.
- kmet Janko Gagić of Boleč in the Grocka nahija.
- hegumen Hadži-Djera of the Monastery Moravica.
- archimandrite Hadži-Ruvim of the Monastery Bogovadja.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 History of Servia and the Servian Revolution-Leopold von Ranke,tran:Louisa Hay Ker p 119-20
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Dušan Pantelić, Prilike u Beogradskom Pašaluku pred prvi Srpski ustanak 1794-1804 p123
- ↑ Dušan Pantelić, Prilike u Beogradskom Pašaluku pred prvi Srpski ustanak 1794-1804 p122
- ↑ Janicijevic 1998, p. 270
Sources
- Prilike u Beogradskom Pašaluku 1790-1804. godine i pocetak Prvog srpskog ustanka (Serbian)
- The slaughter of the knezes: the Serbian Uprisings and the Ottoman Empire, 1804-30 from "The Balkans: The Balkans Nationalism, War and the Great Powers, 1804-1999 " by Misha Glenny
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