Sugar addiction
From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core
Sugar addiction is the state of addiction to sugar consumption.
Sugar has been shown to induce ΔFosB in D1-type medium spiny neurons in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc).[1][2] Consequently, regular consumption of large quantities of sugar can result in a state of addiction to sugar.[1][2]
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Form of neural or behavioral plasticity | Type of reinforcer | Sources | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Opiates | Psychostimulants | High fat or sugar food | Sexual intercourse | Physical exercise (aerobic) |
Environmental enrichment |
||
ΔFosB expression in nucleus accumbens D1-type MSNs |
↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | [2] |
Behavioral plasticity | |||||||
Escalation of intake | Yes | Yes | Yes | [2] | |||
Psychostimulant cross-sensitization |
Yes | Not applicable | Yes | Yes | Attenuated | Attenuated | [2] |
Psychostimulant self-administration |
↑ | ↑ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | [2] | |
Psychostimulant conditioned place preference |
↑ | ↑ | ↓ | ↑ | ↓ | ↑ | [2] |
Reinstatement of drug-seeking behavior | ↑ | ↑ | ↓ | ↓ | [2] | ||
Neurochemical plasticity | |||||||
CREB phosphorylation in the nucleus accumbens |
↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | [2] | |
Sensitized dopamine response in the nucleus accumbens |
No | Yes | No | Yes | [2] | ||
Altered striatal dopamine signaling | ↓DRD2, ↑DRD3 | ↑DRD1, ↓DRD2, ↑DRD3 | ↑DRD1, ↓DRD2, ↑DRD3 | ↑DRD2 | ↑DRD2 | [2] | |
Altered striatal opioid signaling | ↑μ-opioid receptors | ↑μ-opioid receptors ↑κ-opioid receptors |
↑μ-opioid receptors | ↑μ-opioid receptors | No change | No change | [2] |
Changes in striatal opioid peptides | ↑dynorphin | ↑dynorphin | ↓enkephalin | ↑dynorphin | ↑dynorphin | [2] | |
Mesocorticolimbic synaptic plasticity | |||||||
Number of dendrites in the nucleus accumbens | ↓ | ↑ | ↑ | [2] | |||
Dendritic spine density in the nucleus accumbens |
↓ | ↑ | ↑ | [2] |
See also
- Binge-eating disorder
- Cognitive-behavioral therapy
- Food Addicts Anonymous
- Food Addicts in Recovery Anonymous
- Obesity
- Overeaters Anonymous
References
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