Tamara Press
Lua error in Module:Infobox at line 314: malformed pattern (missing ']'). Tamara Natanovna Press[nb 1] (born 10 May 1937) is a retired Soviet athlete who dominated the shot put and discus throw in the early 1960s. She won three gold and one silver medals at the 1960 and 1964 Olympics and three European titles in 1958–1962. Between 1959 and 1965 she set 11 world records: five in the shot put and six in the discus. Domestically, she held 16 national titles, nine in the shot put (1958–66) and seven in the discus (1960–66).[1]
Her younger sister Irina Press was also a prominent track athlete, but mostly in the sprint events.[2]
Career
Press was born to Jewish parents in Kharkiv, Ukraine. Her father died fighting in World War II in 1942, while her mother took the daughters to Samarkand, where they started training in athletics.[3][4] In 1955 Press moved to Saint Petersburg to train under the renowned coach Viktor Alekseyev. Next year she was shortlisted for the Olympic team, but lost due to a strong domestic competition in the throwing events.[5]
Retirement and gender rumors
Both sisters were accused of being men or hermaphrodites, and therefore sometimes called the "Press Brothers".[3][6][7] They retired in 1966, before gender verification became mandatory. In retirement Press worked as an athletics coach and official in Moscow.[2] She also wrote several books on sport, social and economical subjects. In 1974 she defended a PhD in pedagogy.[1] She was awarded the Order of Lenin (1960), Order of the Badge of Honour (1964) and Order of Friendship (1997).[8][5]
Notes
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| Preceded by | Women's Discus World Record Holder 12 September 1960 – 5 November 1967 |
Succeeded by Liesel Westermann |
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European Athletics Championships champions in women's discus throw
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- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Пресс Тамара Натановна. Olympic Encyclopedia (2006)
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Tamara Press. sports-reference.com
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Irina Press. Telegraph.co.uk. 31 May 2004
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Пресс Тамара Натановна. excelion.ru
- ↑ "Switch hitter: If a man has a sex change can he compete in the Olympics as a woman?" thestraightdope.com. 22 August 2008
- ↑ Olympic Gender Drama-The Press Sisters. TransGriot. 9 November 2011
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Пресс Тамара Натановна. Great Soviet Encyclopedia.
- Pages with reference errors
- Use dmy dates from May 2015
- Commons category link from Wikidata
- 1937 births
- Living people
- Soviet shot putters
- Soviet discus throwers
- Ukrainian shot putters
- Ukrainian discus throwers
- Jewish athletes (track and field)
- Ukrainian Jews
- Olympic athletes of the Soviet Union
- Olympic gold medalists for the Soviet Union
- Olympic silver medalists for the Soviet Union
- Athletes (track and field) at the 1960 Summer Olympics
- Athletes (track and field) at the 1964 Summer Olympics
- Former world record holders in athletics (track and field)
- Olympic medalists in athletics (track and field)
- Gender verification in sports
- European Athletics Championships medalists
