The Day After Tomorrow

For other uses, see The Day After Tomorrow (disambiguation).

The Day After Tomorrow
215px Theatrical release poster
Directed by	Roland Emmerich
Produced by	Roland Emmerich Mark Gordon
Written by	Roland Emmerich Jeffrey Nachmanoff
Based on	The Coming Global Superstorm 1999 novel by Art Bell Whitley Strieber
Starring	Jake Gyllenhaal Dennis Quaid Ian Holm Emmy Rossum Sela Ward
Music by	Harald Kloser
Cinematography	Ueli Steiger
Edited by	David Brenner
Production company	Centropolis Entertainment Lionsgate Films The Mark Gordon Company
Distributed by	20th Century Fox
Release dates	May 24, 2004 (2004-05-24) (New York City premiere) May 28, 2004 (2004-05-28) (United States)
Running time	124 minutes
Country	United States
Language	English
Budget	$125 million
Box office	$544.3 million

The Day After Tomorrow is a 2004 American climate science fiction disaster film co-written, directed, and produced by Roland Emmerich and starring Jake Gyllenhaal, Dennis Quaid, Ian Holm, Emmy Rossum, and Sela Ward. The film depicts distorted fictional catastrophic climatic effects, following the disruption of the North Atlantic ocean circulation, in a series of extreme weather events that usher in global cooling and leads to a new ice age. The film was made in Toronto and Montreal and is the highest-grossing Hollywood film to be made in Canada (if adjusted for inflation).

Originally planned for release in the summer of 2003, The Day After Tomorrow premiered in Mexico City on May 17, 2004 and was released worldwide from May 26 to May 28 except in South Korea and Japan, where it was released June 4–5, respectively.

Plot

On an expedition in Antarctica, paleoclimatologist Jack Hall and his colleagues Frank and Jason are drilling for ice-core samples on the Larsen Ice Shelf for NOAA when the shelf breaks off. Later, Jack presents his findings on global warming at a United Nations conference in New Delhi, but fails to convince diplomats or U.S. Vice President Raymond Becker. However, Professor Terry Rapson of the Hedland Climate Research Centre in Scotland believes Jack's theories. Several buoys in the North Atlantic simultaneously show a massive drop in the ocean temperature, and Rapson concludes that melting polar ice has started to disrupt the North Atlantic current. He contacts Jack, whose paleoclimatological weather model shows how climate changes caused the first Ice Age. His team, along with NASA meteorologist Janet Tokada, builds a forecast model.

Across the world, violent weather causes mass destruction. U.S. President Blake authorizes the FAA to suspend all air traffic due to severe turbulence. At the International Space Station, three astronauts see a huge storm system spanning the northern hemisphere, which soon develops into three massive hurricane-like superstorms. The eyes of these storms hold temperatures of −150 °F (−101 °C), instantly freezing anything they come into contact with. The three cells are located over Canada, Scotland, and Siberia, but will affect the entirety of their respective continents within days.

In Manhattan, New York City, Jack's son Sam learns of the worsening weather while participating in an academic decathlon. Although he promises to be on the next train home, flooding quickly closes the subways and Grand Central Station just as a megatsunami generated by the freak storm hits Manhattan. Sam and a large group of people seek shelter in the New York Public Library, but not before his girlfriend, Laura Chapman, cuts her leg. In Scotland, Rapson and his colleagues at the Hedland Centre perish in the European superstorm.

Blake orders the evacuation of the southern United States, with most refugees heading for Mexico. Jack and his team set out for Manhattan to find Sam. Their truck crashes just north of Philadelphia, so the group continues on snowshoes. En route, Frank falls through the glass roof of a snow-covered shopping mall. As Jason and Jack try to pull him up, the glass under them continues cracking and Frank sacrifices himself by cutting the rope. Meanwhile, most of the group taking shelter in the library leaves when the water outside freezes, leaving just Sam, his friends, and a few others. They burn books to stay warm and break into a vending machine for food. Laura appears to have a cold, so Sam confesses his feelings for her to provide comfort. At the U.S. refugee camp in Mexico, Becker learns that Blake's motorcade got caught in the superstorm; with Blake dead, Becker becomes the new President.

The next morning, Sam's group determines that Laura has blood poisoning from the cut on her leg, so Sam and two others search for penicillin in a derelict Russian cargo ship that drifted inland. The eye of the North American superstorm passes over the city, freezing it solid, and the three barely return to the library with the medicine in time. Jack, also in the eye with an unconscious Jason, narrowly escapes the super-freeze himself in an abandoned Wendy's restaurant.

Days later, as the superstorms dissipate, Jack and Jason finally reach New York, finding Sam's group alive. They radio this to the government-in-exile in Mexico and Becker orders search-and-rescue teams to look for other survivors as he gives his first address to the nation. The film concludes with the astronauts looking down at the Earth from the ISS, showing most of the northern hemisphere covered in ice and snow; one of the astronauts remarks, "Look at that...have you ever seen the air so clear?"

Cast

• Jake Gyllenhaal as Sam Hall
• Dennis Quaid as Professor Jack Hall
• Emmy Rossum as Laura Chapman
• Ian Holm as Professor Terry Rapson
• Sela Ward as Dr. Lucy Hall
• Christopher Britton as Vorsteen
• Arjay Smith as Brian Parks
• Dash Mihok as Jason Evans
• Jay O. Sanders as Frank Harris
• Sasha Roiz as Parker
• Austin Nichols as J.D.
• Adrian Lester as Simon
• Tamlyn Tomita as Janet Tokada
• Glenn Plummer as Luther
• Perry King as President Blake
• Kenneth Welsh as Vice President/President Raymond Becker
• Amy Sloan as Elsa
• Sheila McCarthy as Judith
• Nestor Serrano as Tom Gomez
• Christian Tessier as Aaron

Production

The film was inspired by The Coming Global Superstorm, a book co-authored by Coast to Coast AM talk radio host Art Bell and Whitley Strieber. Strieber also wrote the film's novelization. The book "The Sixth Winter" written by Douglas Orgill and John Gribbin and published in 1979, follows a similar theme. So does the novel Ice!, by Arnold Federbush, published in 1978. Shortly before and during the release of the film, members of environmental and political advocacy groups distributed pamphlets to moviegoers describing what they believed to be the possible effects of global warming. Although the film depicts some effects of global warming predicted by scientists, such as rising sea levels, more destructive storms, and disruption of ocean currents and weather patterns, it depicts these events happening much more rapidly and severely than is considered scientifically plausible, and the theory that a "superstorm" will create rapid worldwide climate change does not appear in the scientific literature. When the film was playing in theaters, much criticism was directed at U.S. politicians concerning their rejection of the Kyoto Protocol and climate change. The film's scientific adviser was Dr. Michael Molitor, a leading climate change consultant who worked as a negotiator on the Kyoto Protocol.

Reception

Box office

Over its four-day Memorial Day opening, the film grossed $85,807,341; however, it still ranked #2 for the weekend, behind Shrek 2's $95,578,365 four-day tally. However, The Day After Tomorrow led the per-theater average chart with a four-day average of $25,053, compared to Shrek 2's four-day average of $22,633. At the end of its box office run, the film grossed $186,740,799 domestically and $544,272,402 worldwide. It is the second-highest opening weekend not at #1 (later beaten by Inside Out in June 2015)

The film did well at the box office, grossing $544,272,402 internationally. It is the sixth-highest grossing film not to be #1 in the United States (behind My Big Fat Greek Wedding, Alvin and the Chipmunks and its sequel, Sherlock Holmes, and Ice Age: Dawn of the Dinosaurs). However worldwide, it is third behind only Ice Age: Dawn of the Dinosaurs and Casino Royale.

Critical reaction

The Day After Tomorrow generated mixed reviews from critics, who praised its visual effects, but criticized its writing and scientific inaccuracies. The online entertainment guide Rotten Tomatoes rated the film at 45%, with an average rating of 5.3/10. The site's general consensus states that it was "A ludicrous popcorn flick filled with clunky dialogues, but spectacular visuals save it from being a total disaster." Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times, praised the film's special effects, giving the film three stars out of four. Environmental activist and The Guardian columnist George Monbiot called The Day After Tomorrow "a great movie and lousy science."

In a USA Today editorial by Patrick J. Michaels, who until 2007 was a Research Professor of Environmental Sciences at the University of Virginia and who rejects the scientific evidence for global warming, Michaels called the film "propaganda", noting, "As a scientist, I bristle when lies dressed up as 'science' are used to influence political discourse." In a Space Daily editorial by Joseph Gutheinz, a college instructor and retired NASA Office of Inspector General, Senior Special Agent, Gutheinz called the film "a cheap thrill ride, which many weak-minded people will jump on and stay on for the rest of their lives."

Paleoclimatologist William Hyde of Duke University was asked on Usenet whether he would be seeing the film; he responded that he would not unless someone were to offer him $100. Other readers of the newsgroup took this as a challenge, and (despite Hyde's protests) raised the necessary funds. Hyde's review criticized the film's portrayal of weather phenomena that stopped at national borders, and finished by saying that it was "to climate science as Frankenstein is to heart transplant surgery", as quoted in New Scientist.

However, Stefan Rahmstorf of the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, expert for thermohaline ocean circulation and its effects on climate, was impressed how the script writer Jeffrey Nachmanoff was well informed about the science and politics of global climate change after the talk with him at the preview of the film in Berlin. He stated: "Clearly this is a disaster movie and not a scientific documentary, the film makers have taken a lot of artistic license. But the film presents an opportunity to explain that some of the basic background is right: humans are indeed increasingly changing the climate and this is quite a dangerous experiment, including some risk of abrupt and unforeseen changes. ... Luckily it is extremely unlikely that we will see major ocean circulation changes in the next couple of decades (I’d be just as surprised as Jack Hall if they did occur); at least most scientists think this will only become a more serious risk towards the end of the century. And the consequences would certainly not be as dramatic as the ‘super-storm’ depicted in the movie. Nevertheless, a major change in ocean circulation is a risk with serious and partly unpredictable consequences, which we should avoid. And even without events like ocean circulation changes, climate change is serious enough to demand decisive action."

In 2008, Yahoo! Movies listed The Day After Tomorrow as one of Top 10 Scientifically Inaccurate Movies. The film was criticized for depicting several different meteorological phenomena occurring over the course of hours, instead of the possible time frame of several decades or centuries.

In 2015 the Washington Post in a piece titled "We’re closer to a ‘Day After Tomorrow’ ice age than we thought" reported on a paper which used "an advanced climate model at Germany’s Max-Planck Institute to simulate both conditions of global warming and conditions of an AMOC collapse" and noting that the cited "climate study published in Nature Scientific Reports indicates that we were naive to feel safe from “ The Day After Tomorrow ”-esque realities" given the study's results of temperature drops of up to 20 degrees Fahrenheit in large regions amidst a still-warming globe, and given that "current warming patterns not only indicate that a collapse of the AMOC is possible, but also that resulting consequences would resemble ' The Day After Tomorrow ,' though not to the same extremes."

Awards and nominations

Award	Subject	Nominee	Result
Saturn Awards	Best Science Fiction Film		Nominated
	Best Special Effects	Karen E. Goulekas, Neil Corbould, Greg Strause and Remo Balcells	Nominated
BAFTA Awards	Best Visual Effects		Won
VES Awards			Nominated
	Best Single Visual Effect		Nominated
MTV Movie Awards	Best Action Sequence	"The destruction of Los Angeles"	Won
	Best Breakthrough Performance	Emmy Rossum	Nominated
Irish Film & Television Awards	Best International Actor	Jake Gyllenhaal	Nominated
Golden Trailer Awards	Best Action Film		Nominated
Environmental Media Awards	Best Film		Won
BMI Film Awards	Best Music	Harald Kloser	Won
Golden Reel Awards	Best Sound Editing - Effects & Foley	Mark P. Stoeckinger, Larry Kemp, Glenn T. Morgan, Alan Rankin, Michael Kamper, Ann Scibelli, Randy Kelley, Harry Cohen, Bob Beher and Craig S. Jaeger	Nominated

Criticism

There was some controversy regarding the casting of Kenneth Welsh as the Vice-President of the United States due to his striking physical resemblance to then Vice-President Dick Cheney. Roland Emmerich later confirmed that he deliberately chose Welsh for that very reason. Emmerich stated that the characters of the President and Vice-President in the film were intended to be a not-so-subtle criticism of the environmental policies of the presidency of George W. Bush. The White House did not respond to requests for comment on the film.

In response to accusations of insensitivity by including scenes of New York City being devastated less than three years after the September 11 attacks, Emmerich claims that it was necessary to depict the event as a means to showcase the increased unity people now have when facing a disaster, because of 9/11.

A number of scientists were critical of the scientific aspects of the film:

• Daniel P. Schrag, a paleoclimatologist and professor of Earth and planetary sciences at Harvard University, expressed both support and concern about the film, stating that "On the one hand, I'm glad that there's a big-budget movie about something as critical as climate change. On the other, I'm concerned that people will see these over-the-top effects and think the whole thing is a joke... We are indeed experimenting with the Earth in a way that hasn't been done for millions of years. But you're not going to see another ice age – at least not like that."
• J. Marshall Shepherd, a research meteorologist at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center expressed similar sentiments, stating that "I'm heartened that there's a movie addressing real climate issues. But as for the science of the movie, I'd give it a D minus or an F. And I'd be concerned if the movie was made to advance a political agenda."
• Andrew J. Weaver, a climatologist at the University of Victoria said, "It's The Towering Inferno of climate science movies, but I'm not losing any sleep over a new ice age, because it's impossible."

Home media

The Day After Tomorrow was first released on VHS and DVD in North America on October 12, 2004, in both widescreen and full screen versions. A 2-disc "collector's edition" containing production featurettes, two documentaries (a "behind-the-scenes" and another called "The Forces of Destiny"), storyboards and concept sketches was released on May 24, 2005.

The film was released in high-definition video on Blu-ray Disc in North America on October 2, 2007, and in the United Kingdom on April 28, 2008, in full 1080p with a lossless DTS-HD Master Audio track but with few bonus features.

The film made $110 million in DVD sales, bringing its total film gross to $652,771,772.

See also

Historical events

• 1993 Storm of the Century, a large cyclonic storm that occurred on March 12–13, 1993, on the East Coast of North America

Books and literature

• The Coming Global Superstorm, a book on which the movie is based
• Fifty Degrees Below, a Kim Stanley Robinson novel in which greenhouse warming similarly disrupts the Gulf Stream; the rate of cooling is somewhat less exaggerated
• Six Degrees: Our Future on a Hotter Planet, a non-fiction book
• Time of the Great Freeze, a novel by Robert Silverberg about a second Ice Age
• The World in Winter, a 1962 book by John Christopher about the beginning of a new ice age

Film

• Ice, a 1998 film with a similar premise starring Grant Show, Udo Kier, and Eva La Rue
• 2012
• Knowing
• Snowpiercer
• List of films featuring space stations

Television

• "The Midnight Sun", an episode of The Twilight Zone in which Earth is rapidly heating
• Superstorm, a 2007 BBC miniseries
• "Two Days Before the Day After Tomorrow", an episode of South Park that parodies the film

External links

• The Day After Tomorrow at IMDb
• The Day After Tomorrow at AllMovie
• The Day After Tomorrow at the TCM Movie Database
• The Day After Tomorrow at the American Film Institute Catalog
• The Day After Tomorrow at Box Office Mojo
• The Day After Tomorrow at Rotten Tomatoes
• The Day After Tomorrow at Metacritic
• The Day After Tomorrow: A Scientific Critique