Timeline of Zürich
From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Zürich, Switzerland.
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Prehistory
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- 4th millennium BC – Prehistoric pile dwellings Alpenquai at Bürkliplatz and Kleiner Hafner at Sechseläutenplatz on then islands or peninsulas at the outflow of the Limmat, and the Grosser Hafner island in the Lake Zurich, an area of about 0.2 square kilometres (49.42 acres).[1][2]
- 4th century BC – Helvetii/ Celtic Oppidum Uetliberg
- 1st century BC – Helvetii tribe: Oppidum Zürich-Lindenhof[3][4]
1st–8th centuries
- 70 CE – Roman Vicus and Gallo-Roman settlement Turicum,[5] Thermengasse hypocaust between Weinplatz and Münsterhof[3]
- 122 or before – Roman island sanctuary on Grosser Hafner island.[6]
- 256 - Town rebuilt by Alemanni.[4]
- 610 – Castellum turegum mentioned by Columban, meaning probably the Gallo-Roman-Allemanic settlement
9th–14th centuries
- 853 – Fraumünster founded.
- 857 – St. Peter church first mentioned.[7]
- before 1200 – Pfalz on the Lindenhof hill[3]
- 1218 – Zurich becomes free imperial city.
- 1220 – Grossmünster inaugurated (approximate date).
- 1230 – Predigerkloster founded (no foundation document).
- 1231 – Predigerkirche Zürich, construction started.
- 1237 – Oetenbach nunnery first mentioned.
- 1267 – Feud between Zürich and Rudolf I von Habsburg against the Regensberg family (1267/68).
- 1270 – Augustinerkloster Zürich established and Augustinerkirche Zürich built.
- 1280 – Grimmenturm built by the Bilgeri ministerialis (around, maybe ~1250)
- 1291 – On 28 November 1291 Countess Elisabeth von Rapperswil concluded a three-year alliance with the city of Zürich against the Dukes of Austria-Habsburg.[8]
- 1292 – Battle nearby Winterthur, Zürich defeated, legendary siege of Zürich.
- 1336
- Guilds in operation, some members of the previous council refuged to Johann I (Habsburg-Laufenburg).
- Zunft zum Kämbel established.
- 1349 – Pogrom against the Jewish population of Zürich.[9]
- 1350 – Brun opponents executed on occasion of the so-called Mordnacht, Rapperswil Castle destroyed by Brun troops, Count Johann II von Rapperswil imprisoned,[10] Dukes of Habsburg started counterattack and forced Zürich to search for new allies.[11]
- 1351 – Zurich joins Swiss confederation.[12]
- 1377 – Haus zum Rüden (guildhouse) first mentioned.[13]
- 1383 – Jewish citizens was allowed to renew the Synagogue and the Jewish cemetery.[14]
- 1389 – Zunfthaus zur Haue (guildhouse) first mentioned.[15]
15th century
- 1407 – Herrschaft Regensberg became äussere Vogtei of Zürich.[16][clarification needed]
- 1423 – The Jewish citizens had to leave Zürich[17] to 1850.[9]
- 1437 – Elisabeth von Matsch granted the mayor and council of the city of Zürich or their representatives the authority to act on their behalf, immediately after the usurpations of lands of the Toggenburg County by the cantons of Schwyz and Glarus, and to lock Grynow.[18]
- 1440 – Zurich expelled from Swiss confederation; Old Zürich War begins.
- 1443 – Battle of St. Jakob an der Sihl.
- 1451 – Zurich re-admitted to Swiss confederation.[19]
- 1460 – Thurgau becomes part of city.
- 1467 – Winterthur becomes part of city.
- 1484 – Stein am Rhein becomes part of city.
- 1496 – Eglisau becomes part of city.
16th century
- 1518 – Huldrych Zwingli becomes pastor of Grossmünster.
- 1522 – Affair of the Sausages.
- 1522 – Katharina von Zimmern, last imperial abbess of Zürich, passed the Fraumünster Abbey into the possession of the city of Zürich.[20][21]
- 1524
- Reformation in Zürich
- Augustiner and Prediger monasteries and Oetenbach nunnery in Zürich and Rüti Abbey in Rüti nearby Rapperswil disestablished.
- 1525 - Carolinum Zürich and Rütiamt established
- 1527 – Kappel Abbey disestablished.
- 1531 – Froschauer Bible published.
- 1535 - Coverdale Bible published.[22]
- 1576 – Murerplan published.
17th-18th centuries
- 1634 – City library established.
- 1642 – Fortifications expanded
- 1648 – City status changes from Reichsstadt to Republik.
- 1662 – Bauschänzli at Bürkliplatz built.
- 1746
- de (scientific society)[23]
- Old botanical garden established.
- 1757 – Zunfthaus zur Meisen built.
- 1770 – Orell, Gessner, Füssli & Cie in business.[24]
- 1780 - Zürcher Zeitung (newspaper) begins publication.[25]
- 1799
- June – First Battle of Zurich.[12]
- September – Second Battle of Zurich.[12]
19th century
- 1804 – Kantonspolizei Zürich (police) established as "Landjäger-Corps des Kantons Zürich".[26]
- 1814 – Zürich District established.
- 1832 – Zunfthaus zur Saffran built.
- 1833 – University of Zurich founded.[4]
- 1834 – Aktientheater built.
- 1836 - Confiserie Sprüngli in business.
- 1837
- Staatsarchiv Zürich established.
- Predecessor construction of Frauenbad Stadthausquai inaugurated.
- 1838 - Villa Belvoir and Münsterbrücke (bridge) built.
- 1839 – Züriputsch.[4]
- 1847
- Spanisch-Brötli-Bahn begins operating; Zürich Hauptbahnhof opens.
- Bahnhofbrücke (bridge) built.
- 1850
- 1853 – Villa Tobler built.
- 1855
- Stock Exchange established.
- Eidgenössische Polytechnische Schule and Zürich Oerlikon railway station open.
- 1859
- 10 November: Peace treaty signed in Zurich.[29]
- Limmatquai built.
- 1860
- 1862 – Israelitische Cultusgemeinde Zürich (ICZ) founded.
- 1868 - Tonhalle Orchester Zürich formed.[30]
- 1870 – Population: 58,657.[27]
- 1875 – Pestalozzianum founded.
- 1880 – Population: 78,345 in city;[27] 316,074 in canton.[28]
- 1884
- Synagoge Zürich Löwenstrasse built.
- Quaibrücke (bridge) built.
- 1886 – Strandbad Tiefenbrunnen opened.
- 1887 – Seeuferanlage by Arnold Bürkli, Arboretum Zürich and Bürkliplatz inaugurated.
- 1888
- Population: 94,129.[27]
- Frauenbad Stadthausquai (public bath) opened.
- 1889 – Knabenschiessen begins.
- 1890 – Seebad Utoquai opened.
- 1891
- Eduard Spelterini starts his Urania balloon.
- de opens.
- Gottfried Keller Stiftung founded by Lydia Escher (1858–1891).[20][21]
- 1892 – Volkstheater am Pfauen built.
- 1893
- City expands, incorporating Wollishofen, Enge, Leimbach, Wiedikon, Wipkingen, Fluntern and Hottingen, Aussersihl, Oberstrass, Unterstrass, Riesbach and Hirslanden.
- Rathausbrücke built.
- August: International Socialist and Labour Congress held in Zurich.
- Tages-Anzeiger newspaper begins publication.[25]
- 1896
- de (hiking club) formed.[31]
- Sechseläutenplatz first mentioned.
- 1898
- Bund Schweizerischer Frauenvereine (BSF) founded.
- Swiss National Museum opens.[12][27]
20th century
1900s-1940s
- 1900 – Population: 150,703 in city;[27] 431,036 in canton.[28]
- 1901 – Kriminalmuseum associated with the Kantonspolizei Zürich founded.
- 1902
- Sechseläuten and Böögg-burning event commences.
- Voliere Zürich established.
- 1903 – Zürichsee-Schifffahrtsgesellschaft (ZSG) founded.
- 1909 – Paddlesteamer Stadt Zürich put into commission.
- 1910
- Kunsthaus Zürich opens.
- Water airport Zürichhorn opens.
- 1906 - Schweizerisches Sozialarchiv founded.
- 1914
- Zentralbibliothek Zürich (library) founded.
- Paddlesteamer Stadt Rapperswil put into commission.
- 1915 – Mieterverband founded.
- 1916 - Cabaret Voltaire and Dada art movement founded.[32]
- 1919 – Ad Astra Aero founded.
- 1920 - Population: 206,120 in city;[33] 538,602 in canton.[28]
- 1922
- Kino Walche (cinema) opens.[34]
- Strandbad Mythenquai opened.
- 1926 – Der Schweizerische Beobachter founded.
- 1928
- SAFFA exhibition at Saffa-Insel held.
- Weltklasse Zürich begins.
- 1929 - Zürich Zoologischer Garten (zoo) opens.[35]
- 1931 – Sukkulentensammlung established.
- 1937 - 2 June: Premiere of Berg's opera Lulu.[36]
- 1939
- Hallenstadion opens.
- Landi39 at Zürichhorn and Mythenquai
- 1941 – Bernhard-Theater Zürich founded by Rudolf Bernhard.
- 1945 – 4 March: Bombing by Allied forces.[37]
- 1948 – Klubschule Migros founded.
- 1949 – Ex Libris (bookshop) became part the Migros group.[38][relevant? ]
1950s-1990s
- 1951 – Reederei Zürich AG established.[39]
- 1952 – Reederei Zürich cargo liner Adele christened by Adele Duttweiler[40]
- 1954 – Zurich 6-day race begins.
- 1956 – Besuch der alten Dame premierred at Schauspielhaus Zürich, Ruedi Walter played the blind eunuch Loby,[41] and Paul Bühlmann the conductor.[42]
- 1959 – Theater am Hechtplatz opened.
- 1960 - Population: 440,170 in city; 952,304 in canton.[28]
- 1961 – Theater am Neumarkt opened.
- 1962 – Les Sauterelles founded.
- 1963 – Mahmood Mosque, Zürich built.
- 1964 – Theater an der Winkelwiese opened.
- 1966 – Sigmund Widmer elected mayor.
- 1967 – Centre Le Corbusier inaugurated.
- 1971 – Musikabteilung established.[43]
- 1975 – Limmat Verlag founded.
- 1976 – Rotpunktverlag founded.
- 1977 – Botanical Garden of the University of Zurich opens.[44]
- 1979 – Ursula Koch refuses to swear on 'Vaterland'[45]
- 1980
- May: Opernhauskrawalle, the Opernhaus youth protests known as Züri brännt[46] meaning Zürich is burning.
- September: Zürcher Theater Spektakel begins.
- October: Rote Fabrik opens as a youth culture centre.
- 1981
- WOZ Die Wochenzeitung founded.
- Züri brännt (movie), a documentary film of 1981.[46][clarification needed]
- 1984
- Opera House renovated.
- Theater Rigiblick opened, built in 1901 as Rigiblick restaurant and former Gastsaal venue.[47]
- 1986 – Irchelpark opened.
- 1988 – Sozialwerke Pfarrer Sieber founded by pastor Ernst Sieber.
- 1989 – Gesellschaft zu Fraumünster founded.
- 1992 – Street Parade begins.
- 1993 – Technopark Zürich established.
- 1996 – Langstrasse festival begins.
21st century
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- 2000 - Population: 363,273 in city; 1,247,906 in canton.[28]
- 2001 – Digitec founded.
- 2003 - Sister city relationship established with San Francisco, USA.[48]
- 2005 – Zurich Film Festival and Neujahrsmarathon Zürich begin.
- 2008 – SIX Group formed.
- 2009
- Corine Mauch elected mayor.[49]
- de opens on the A3 motorway in vicinity of city.[50]
See also
- History of Zurich
- List of mayors of Zurich
- List of cultural property of national significance in Switzerland: Zürich
- Other cities in Switzerland
References
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- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Townsend 1877.
- ↑ Kristol 2005.
- ↑ Beat Eberschweiler: Schädelreste, Kopeken und Radar: Vielfältige Aufgaben für die Zürcher Tauchequipe IV. In: NAU 8/2001. Amt für Städtebau der Stadt Zürich, Denkmalpflege und Archäologie Unterwasserarchäologie / Labor für Dendrochronologie. Zürich 2001.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 Haydn 1910.
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- ↑ 25.0 25.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ 27.0 27.1 27.2 27.3 27.4 27.5 27.6 27.7 Britannica 1910.
- ↑ 28.0 28.1 28.2 28.3 28.4 28.5 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ 46.0 46.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Theater Rigiblick in: Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia and French Wikipedia.
Bibliography
in English
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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in German
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. 1878-1890
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. and Éditions Payot, Lausanne 2005, ISBN 2-601-03336-3.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Zurich. |
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- Links to fulltext city directories for Zurich via Wikisource
- Europeana. Items related to Zurich, various dates.
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