Tissue typing
Tissue typing is a procedure in which the tissues of a prospective donor and recipient are tested for compatibility prior to transplantation. An embryo can be tissue typed to ensure that the embryo implanted can be a cord-blood stem cell donor for a sick sibling.[1]
One technique of tissue typing, "mixed leukocyte reaction", is performed by culturing lymphocytes from the donor together with those from the recipient.[2]
Another technique, known as a micro-cytotoxicity assay, utilizes serum with known anti-HLA antibodies that recognize particular HLA loci (HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, HLA-DP, HLA-DQ, HLA-DR) in order to match genetically similar individuals in hopes of performing a tissue transplantation. In this technique a donor's blood cells are MHC typed by mixing them with serum containing the anti-HLA antibodies. If the antibodies recognize their epitope on the MHC then complement activation occurs and the cell will be osmotically lysed. Lysis results in the cell taking up a dye (trypan blue). This allows identification of cell's MHC indirectly based on the specificity of the known antibodies in the serum.
See also
References
- ↑ "Designing Donors". Shaun D. Pattinson, Faculty of Law and Sheffield Institute of Biotechnological Law and Ethics, University of Sheffield. link
- ↑ MHC
External links
- How Preimplantation tissue typing works, HFEA website
- Tissue typing at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- http://www.stanford.edu/dept/HPS/transplant/html/tt_1.html
- http://www.healthlinkbc.ca/kb/content/medicaltest/hw40261.html
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