United States Senate elections, 1936

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United States Senate elections, 1936

← 1934 November 3, 1936[1] 1938 →

36 of the 96 seats in the United States Senate
49 seats were needed for a majority
  Majority party Minority party
  150px Charles mcnary.jpg
Leader Joseph Robinson Charles McNary
Party Democratic Republican
Leader's seat Arkansas Oregon
Last election 69 seats 25 seats
Seats before 71 22
Seats won 76 16
Seat change Increase 5 Decrease 6

  Third party Fourth party
 
Party Farmer–Labor Progressive
Last election 1 seat 1 seat
Seats before 1 1
Seats won 2 1
Seat change Increase 1 Steady

US 1936 senate election map.svg
  Republican hold
  Republican gain
  Democratic hold
  Democratic gain
  Farmer-Labor hold
  Independent gain

Majority Leader before election

Joseph Robinson
Democratic

Elected Majority Leader

Joseph Robinson
Democratic

The United States Senate elections, 1936 coincided with the re-election of Franklin Delano Roosevelt. The Great Depression continued, and voters backed progressive candidates favoring Roosevelt's New Deal in races across the country. The Democrats gained 6 net seats during the election, and in combination with Democratic and Farmer-Labor interim appointments and the defection of George W. Norris from the Republican Party to become independent, the Republicans were reduced to 16 seats, the most lopsided Senate since Reconstruction. This was the last of four consecutive elections where Republicans suffered losses due to the ongoing effects of the Great Depression.

The Republicans took one open seat in Massachusetts, while the Democrats took open seats in Michigan and New Hampshire and defeated incumbents Daniel O. Hastings (R-DE), Lester J. Dickinson (R-IA), W. Warren Barbour (R-NJ), Jesse H. Metcalf (R-RI), and Robert D. Carey (R-WY).

Change in Senate composition

Before the elections

D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8
D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28
D38 D37 D36 D35 D34 D33 D32 D31 D30 D29
D39 D40 D41 D42 D43 D44 D45 D46 D47 D48
Majority → D49
D58 D57 D56 D55 D54 D53 D52 D51 D50
D59 D60 D61 D62 D63 D64 D65 D66 D67 D68
R17 R18 R19 R20 R21 R22 FL2 V1 V2 D69
R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9 R8 R7
FL1 P1 R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6

End of this Congress

Peter Norbeck (R-SD) died December 20, 1936. Herbert E. Hitchcock (D-SD) was appointed December 29, 1936 to continue the term ending January 3, 1939.

D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8
D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28
D38 D37 D36 D35 D34 D33 D32 D31 D30 D29
D39 D40 D41 D42 D43 D44 D45 D46 D47 D48
Majority → D49
D58 D57 D56 D55 D54 D53 D52 D51 D50
D59 D60 D61 D62 D63 D64 D65 D66 D67 O D68 O
R17 R18 R19 R20 R21 D71 + R22 + V1 D70 + D69 O
R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9 R8 R7
FL1 P1 R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6

Beginning of the next Congress

  • Senator-elect Clyde L. Herring (D-IA) waited for his gubernatorial term to end on January 15, 1937, before qualifying as a Senator.
D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8
D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28
D38 D37 D36 D35 D34 D33 D32 D31 D30 D29
D39 D40 D41 D42 D43 D44 D45 D46 D47 D48
Majority → D49
D58 D57 D56 D55 D54 D53 D52 D51 D50
D59 D60 D61 D62 D63 D64 O D65 O D66 O D67 O D68 O
FL2 O I1 @ V1 + D75 + D74 + D73 + D72 + D71 + D70 + D69 +
R16 O R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9 R8 R7
FL1 P1 R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6
Key:
D Democratic
FL Farmer-Labor
P Progressive
R Republican
I Independent
V Vacant
 
Incumbent re-elected or appointee elected to finish term
O Party hold: New senator elected from same party
+ Party gain: New senator elected from different party
@ Party gain: Incumbent senator re-elected from different party

Complete list of races

All races are for the Class 2 seat, unless otherwise indicated.

Bold states indicate links to election articles. Bold candidates indicate winners.

State Incumbent Party Result Candidates
Alabama John H. Bankhead II Democratic Incumbent re-elected John H. Bankhead II (Democratic) 87.0%
H. E. Berkstresser (Republican) 12.2%
Arkansas Joseph T. Robinson Democratic Incumbent re-elected Joseph T. Robinson (Democratic) 81.8%
G. C. Ledbetter (Republican) 16.4%
Colorado Edward P. Costigan Democratic Incumbent retired
Democratic hold
Edwin C. Johnson (Democratic) 63.5%
Raymond L. Sauter (Republican) 35.3%
Delaware Daniel O. Hastings Republican Incumbent lost re-election
Democratic gain
James H. Hughes (Democratic) 53.0%
Daniel O. Hastings (Republican) 41.4%
Robert G. Houston (Independent) 5.4%
Florida
Special: Class 1
Scott M. Loftin Democratic Appointee retired
Winner elected to finish term ending January 3, 1941
Democratic hold
Charles O. Andrews (Democratic) 80.9%
Howard C. Babcock (Republican) 19.1%
Florida
Special: Class 3
William Luther Hill Democratic Appointee retired
Winner elected to finish term ending January 3, 1939
Democratic hold
Claude Pepper (Democratic) unopposed
Georgia Richard Russell, Jr. Democratic Incumbent re-elected Richard Russell, Jr. (Democratic) unopposed
Idaho William E. Borah Republican Incumbent re-elected William E. Borah (Republican) 63.4%
C. Ben Ross (Democratic) 36.6%
Illinois James H. Lewis Democratic Incumbent re-elected James H. Lewis (Democratic) 56.5%
Otis F. Glenn (Republican) 40.7%
Iowa Lester J. Dickinson Republican Incumbent lost re-election
Democratic gain
Clyde L. Herring (Democratic) 50.5%
Lester J. Dickinson (Republican) 47.1%
Iowa
Special: Class 3
Vacant Democratic incumbent had died July 16, 1936
Winner elected to finish term ending January 3, 1939
Democratic gain
Guy M. Gillette (Democratic) 51.9%
Berry F. Halden (Republican) 46.6%
Kansas Arthur Capper Republican Incumbent re-elected Arthur Capper (Republican) 51.0%
Omar B. Ketchum (Democratic) 48.4%
Kentucky Marvel M. Logan Democratic Incumbent re-elected Marvel M. Logan (Democratic) 58.8%
Robert M. Lucas (Republican) 39.8%
Louisiana Rose McConnell Long Democratic Incumbent retired
Democratic hold
Allen J. Ellender (Democratic) unopposed
Maine Wallace H. White, Jr. Republican Incumbent re-elected Wallace H. White, Jr. (Republican) 50.8%
Louis J. Brann (Democratic) 49.3%
Massachusetts Marcus A. Coolidge Democratic Incumbent retired
Republican gain
Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr. (Republican) 48.5%
James Michael Curley (Democratic) 41.0%
Thomas C. O'Brien (Independent) 7.4%
Michigan Vacant Republican incumbent lost renomination, then died
Democratic gain
Prentiss M. Brown (Democratic) 53.3%
Wilber M. Brucker (Republican) 41.8%
Minnesota
Special: Class 2
Elmer Austin Benson Farmer-Labor Appointee retired
Winner elected to finish term ending January 3, 1937
Republican gain
Guy V. Howard (Republican) 42.89%
Nathaniel J. Holmberg (Republican) 28.42%
Andrews O. Devold (Republican) 19.98%
John G. Alexander (Republican) 8.71%
Minnesota
General: Class 2
Winner elected to term beginning January 3, 1937
Farmer-Labor gain
Ernest Lundeen (Farmer-Labor) 62.2%
Theodore Christianson (Republican) 37.8%
Mississippi Pat Harrison Democratic Incumbent re-elected Pat Harrison (Democratic) unopposed
Montana James E. Murray Democratic Incumbent re-elected James E. Murray (Democratic) 55.0%
Thomas O. Larson (Republican) 27.1%
Joseph P. Monaghan (Independent) 17.9%
Nebraska George W. Norris Republican Incumbent re-elected as an Independent
Independent gain
George W. Norris (Independent) 43.8%
Robert G. Simmons (Republican) 37.8%
Terry Carpenter (Democratic) 18.4%
New Hampshire Henry W. Keyes Republican Republican hold Styles Bridges (Republican) 80.9%
William N. Rogers (Democratic) 19.1%
New Jersey W. Warren Barbour Republican Incumbent lost re-election
Democratic gain
William H. Smathers (Democratic) 54.9%
W. Warren Barbour (Republican) 44.3%
New Mexico Carl A. Hatch Democratic Incumbent re-elected Carl A. Hatch (Democratic) 61.7%
Ernest W. Everly (Republican) 38.3%
New Mexico
Special: Class 1
Dennis Chavez Democratic Appointee elected to finish term ending January 3, 1941 Dennis Chavez (Democratic) 55.7%
M. A. Otero, Jr. (Republican) 44.2%
North Carolina Josiah W. Bailey Democratic Incumbent re-elected Josiah W. Bailey (Democratic) 70.8%
Frank R. Patton (Republican) 29.2%
Oklahoma Thomas P. Gore Democratic Incumbent lost renomination
Democratic hold
Josh Lee (Democratic) 68.0%
Herbert K. Hyde (Republican) 31.6%
Oregon Charles L. McNary Republican Incumbent re-elected Charles L. McNary (Republican) 51.0%
Willis Mahoney (Democratic) 48.4%
Rhode Island Jesse H. Metcalf Republican Incumbent lost re-election[2]
Democratic gain
Theodore F. Green (Democratic) 48.6%
Jesse H. Metcalf (Republican) 44.4%
Ludger LaPointe (Independent) 7.0%
South Carolina James F. Byrnes Democratic Incumbent re-elected James F. Byrnes (Democratic) unopposed
South Dakota William J. Bulow Democratic Incumbent re-elected William J. Bulow (Democratic) 48.8%
Chandler Gurney (Republican) 46.8%
Tennessee Nathan L. Bachman Democratic Incumbent re-elected Nathan L. Bachman (Democratic) 76.4%
Dwayne D. Maddox (Republican) 18.8%
Texas Morris Sheppard Democratic Incumbent re-elected Morris Sheppard (Democratic) 92.6%
Carlos G. Watson (Republican) 7.1%
Virginia Carter Glass Democratic Incumbent re-elected Carter Glass (Democratic) 91.7%
West Virginia Matthew M. Neely Democratic Incumbent re-elected Matthew M. Neely (Democratic) 59.1%
Hugh I. Shott (Republican) 40.9%
Wyoming Robert D. Carey Republican Incumbent lost re-election
Democratic gain
Harry H. Schwartz (Democratic) 53.8%
Robert D. Carey (Republican) 45.4%

References

See also