Vernon, British Columbia

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This article is about the city in Canada. For the complete metropolitan area, see Greater Vernon.
Vernon
City
The Corporation of the City of Vernon
Downtown Vernon
Downtown Vernon
Vernon is located in British Columbia
Vernon
Vernon
Location of Vernon in British Columbia
Coordinates: Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
Country  Canada
Province  British Columbia
Regional District North Okanagan
Incorporated December 30, 1892
Government
 • Mayor Akbal Mund
 • Governing Body Vernon City Council
 • MP Mel Arnold
 • MLA Eric Foster
Area
 • City 95.76 km2 (36.97 sq mi)
 • Metro 1,040.82 km2 (401.86 sq mi)
Elevation 380 m (1,250 ft)
Population (2011)
 • City 40,000
 • Density 398.4/km2 (1,032/sq mi)
 • Urban 44,600[1]
 • Metro 58,584
 • Metro density 56.3/km2 (146/sq mi)
Time zone Pacific Time Zone (UTC-8)
 • Summer (DST) Pacific Daylight Time (UTC-7)
Postal code span V1B, V1H, V1T
Area code(s) 250 / 778 / 236
Website City of Vernon

Vernon is a city in the Okanagan region of the Southern Interior of British Columbia, Canada. Named after Forbes George Vernon, a former MLA of British Columbia who helped found the famed Coldstream Ranch in nearby Coldstream, the City of Vernon was incorporated on December 30, 1892. The City of Vernon has a population of 40,000 (2013), while its metropolitan region, Greater Vernon, has a population of 58,584 as of the Canada 2011 Census.[2] With this population, Vernon is the largest city in the North Okanagan Regional District. A resident of Vernon is called a "Vernonite".

In 2005, on an episode of The Early Show, Vernon was ranked as one of the top six most desirable communities to retire to in North America by Consumer Reports.[3]

Greater Vernon's welcome sign

History

The site of the city was first discovered by the Okanagan people, a tribe of the Interior Salish people, who initially named the community Nintle Moos Chin, meaning "jumping over place where the creek narrows", which refers to a section of the Swan Lake that passes through Downtown Vernon, the community's central business district.[4] Some of these were part of the Okanagan Indian Band,[5] a First Nations government part of the Okanagan Nation Alliance.[6] This was followed by Priest's Valley, which serves as an Indian reserve, and its present name, in honour of Forbes George Vernon, a pioneer member part of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia for Yale.[4] The Okanagan people settled around the city's two lakes, Okanagan Lake and Swan Lake, in addition to its creeks, obtaining seasonal sources of food throughout years in the 1950s.[4] In that same decade, a section of a road near Fort Kamloops became its first road.[7] Pleasant Valley Road, situated north of that street, was also historically developed.[7]

In 1811, fur traders began traveling around the area, after one of these, David Stuart, began working with the Pacific Fur Company, which was bought out by the North West Company; Luc Girouard became the first white settler.[4] However, the North West Company was forced merger with the Hudson's Bay Company in 1821. A number of fur traders decided to camp in Vernon, which started to develop in 1863, following a gold discovery at the Cherry Creek, Monashee Mountains, Mission Creek and east side of the Okanagan Lake.[4] After the development began, numerous ranches were constructed. Centreville, the community's original central business district, was formed in 1885.[4] That same year, a post office, hotel, general store and school house was constructed.[7][8] A Hudson's Bay Company store was formed in 1887, in a rough wooden structure.[7] A major economic hub destination in the Okanagan historically, Vernon was home to many cattle ranches and fruit orchard areas, attracting British families near it.[7]

Vernon's growth was in the process of expansion beginning in 1891, after the Canadian Pacific Railway was opened in the Okanagan and Shuswap regions of the British Columbia Interior, connecting in Sicamous, a town in the Shuswap area; services by this railway were offered to Vernon by 1891, in addition to its neighbourhood of Okanagan Landing.[4] Shortly after, the stern-wheeler S.S. Aberdeen was launched by the Canadian Pacific Railway for use on Okanagan Lake in 1893 connecting Vernon to Penticton at the south end of Okanagan Lake, and points between.[4] Fruit trees were planted in Vernon, which first grew by the early 1890s, while water supplies were shipped to the community by canal in 1906 for use at local orchard or farm areas.[4] In 1908, the Okanagan Mounted Rifles military program was formed in it, thus bringing a number of people to the area during World War I and World War II for lessons.[7]

Vernon was incorporated as a city on December 30, 1892,[9] with a city hall formed in 1903 for the governing body, which included a fire hall and a public reading space.[7] The following year, it was declared the largest municipality in the Okanagan and first of which to contain a bank and telephone.[7] As population expanded, more services were made available at Vernon, while its city centre switched from Coldstream Road to 30th Avenue.[7] A school and Vernon Jubilee Hospital were public services made available in 1909.[7] Despite a growth drop during World War I, citizens voted to open a new high school, sports stadium, and, later, a shopping mall, Village Green Centre, and library, in the city.[7]

Transportation

File:Vernon.jpg
View of downtown Vernon from the Hospital Hill

Three provincial highways connect Vernon: Highway 97 which connects north-south to Kelowna, Kamloops and north, Highway 97A which begins in Vernon, and goes north to Armstrong, British Columbia and Enderby, British Columbia Highway 6 which ends in Vernon running east-west to Lumby.[10] In recent years, each of these highways has undergone major renovations, including a new $22-million interchange system and four lane expansion at the Highway 97 and Highway 6 junction.[11]

The City of Vernon, in conjunction with the District of Coldstream and the North Okanagan Regional District, operates Vernon Regional Transit through BC Transit. This transit system is responsible for all local full-service and handyDART public bus transportation. However, very few buses service the area, and they do not run on a very tight schedule. Most residents get around by automobiles, and in the summer many of them walk. Greyhound Canada also serves Vernon for out-of-town destinations from their downtown bus terminal.[12]

Vernon is served by the Vernon Regional Airport (IATA: YVE, ICAO: CYVK) in the Okanagan Landing area. The airport has no scheduled air service, and is primarily used by civilian aircraft.[13] The Greater Vernon area is also served by Kelowna International Airport, located approximately 40 kilometres (about a 30 to 40 minute drive) south on Hwy 97. Numerous airlines provide scheduled passenger and cargo services to points throughout British Columbia and Alberta, and areas beyond such as Toronto and Seattle.

Climate

Vernon has a humid continental climate.

Climate data for Vernon
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high humidex 10.5 11.0 19.1 27.0 34.0 36.7 46.2 38.4 31.9 27.0 18.9 10.8 46.2
Record high °C (°F) 14.5
(58.1)		 13.1
(55.6)		 19.3
(66.7)		 27.8
(82)		 33.0
(91.4)		 36.5
(97.7)		 38.5
(101.3)		 36.5
(97.7)		 32.5
(90.5)		 27.4
(81.3)		 19.4
(66.9)		 13.0
(55.4)		 38.5
(101.3)
Average high °C (°F) −0.5
(31.1)		 2.1
(35.8)		 8.9
(48)		 14.1
(57.4)		 19.2
(66.6)		 23.1
(73.6)		 26.0
(78.8)		 26.4
(79.5)		 20.0
(68)		 11.9
(53.4)		 3.9
(39)		 −1.3
(29.7)		 12.8
(55)
Daily mean °C (°F) −3.0
(26.6)		 −1.0
(30.2)		 4.4
(39.9)		 8.8
(47.8)		 13.4
(56.1)		 17.3
(63.1)		 19.6
(67.3)		 19.9
(67.8)		 14.2
(57.6)		 7.9
(46.2)		 1.3
(34.3)		 −3.5
(25.7)		 8.3
(46.9)
Average low °C (°F) −5.4
(22.3)		 −4.0
(24.8)		 −0.2
(31.6)		 3.4
(38.1)		 7.5
(45.5)		 11.4
(52.5)		 13.2
(55.8)		 13.3
(55.9)		 8.4
(47.1)		 3.8
(38.8)		 −1.4
(29.5)		 −5.8
(21.6)		 3.7
(38.7)
Record low °C (°F) −26.7
(−16.1)		 −23.5
(−10.3)		 −18.3
(−0.9)		 −7.2
(19)		 0.0
(32)		 1.5
(34.7)		 5.5
(41.9)		 4.4
(39.9)		 −1.4
(29.5)		 −17.1
(1.2)		 −29.4
(−20.9)		 −31.0
(−23.8)		 −31.0
(−23.8)
Record low wind chill −35.1 −26.3 −23.7 −13.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 −15.4 −23.7 −38.3 −38.3
Average precipitation mm (inches) 32.5
(1.28)		 24.7
(0.972)		 28.5
(1.122)		 31.8
(1.252)		 41.9
(1.65)		 49.4
(1.945)		 42.2
(1.661)		 28.4
(1.118)		 36.7
(1.445)		 27.1
(1.067)		 44.2
(1.74)		 38.2
(1.504)		 425.6
(16.756)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 7.6
(0.299)		 10.1
(0.398)		 24.2
(0.953)		 31.2
(1.228)		 41.9
(1.65)		 49.4
(1.945)		 42.2
(1.661)		 28.4
(1.118)		 36.7
(1.445)		 25.1
(0.988)		 28.1
(1.106)		 8.3
(0.327)		 333.3
(13.122)
Average snowfall cm (inches) 25.0
(9.84)		 14.5
(5.71)		 4.3
(1.69)		 0.6
(0.24)		 0.0
(0)		 0.0
(0)		 0.0
(0)		 0.0
(0)		 0.0
(0)		 2.0
(0.79)		 16.3
(6.42)		 30.6
(12.05)		 93.3
(36.73)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) 12.1 10.6 10.5 10.5 12.8 12.0 10.5 7.7 9.1 11.2 14.6 14.2 135.8
Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm) 3.2 5.2 9.1 10.4 12.8 12.0 10.5 7.7 9.1 11.0 9.9 3.2 104.0
Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm) 9.7 6.6 2.2 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 6.5 11.9 37.6
Average relative humidity (%) 77.8 71.3 49.5 44.7 46.6 45.3 41.9 40.6 43.0 57.2 72.2 79.4 55.8
Mean monthly sunshine hours 45.6 88.1 156.9 197.2 248.8 251.6 306.9 295.1 208.3 128.4 58.5 41.2 2,026.6
Percent possible sunshine 17.2 31.2 42.7 47.8 52.0 51.4 62.2 65.7 54.8 38.4 21.5 16.4 41.8
Source: [14]

Demographics

Historical population
Year Pop. ±%
1891 600 —    
1901 802 +33.7%
1911 2,371 +195.6%
1921 3,685 +55.4%
1931 3,937 +6.8%
1941 5,209 +32.3%
1951 7,822 +50.2%
1956 8,998 +15.0%
1961 10,250 +13.9%
1966 11,423 +11.4%
1971 13,283 +16.3%
1976 17,546 +32.1%
1981 19,987 +13.9%
1986 20,241 +1.3%
1991 23,514 +16.2%
1996 31,817 +35.3%
2001 33,494 +5.3%
2006 35,944 +7.3%
2011 38,150 +6.1%
Sources: Statistics Canada[15]
Canada 2006 Census Population  % of Total Population
Visible minority group
Source:[16]		 South Asian 710 2%
Chinese 330 0.9%
Black 125 0.4%
Filipino 55 0.2%
Latin American 60 0.2%
Arab 10 0%
Southeast Asian 60 0.2%
West Asian 50 0.1%
Korean 20 0.1%
Japanese 165 0.5%
Other visible minority 10 0%
Mixed visible minority 0 0%
Total visible minority population 1,605 4.6%
Aboriginal group
Source:[17]		 First Nations 1,920 5.5%
Métis 0 0%
Inuit 0 0%
Total Aboriginal population 1,920 5.5%
White 31,620 90%
Total population 35,145 100%

Education

Vernon is currently served by School District 22 Vernon, a school district that includes 14 elementary schools and 5 high schools. The high schools are: Vernon Secondary School,[18] Kalamalka High School,[19] Clarence Fulton High School,[20] W.L. Seaton Secondary,[21] and Charles Bloom Secondary.[22] Vernon Secondary School, otherwise known as VSS, is in the neighborhood of East Hill. This High School was recently renovated to give the students a new and better learning environment to study in. Kalamalka High School, otherwise known as Kal, is in the neighboring municipality of Coldstream which is near Kalamalka Lake. It is also below Middleton Mountain of which most know as a landmark in Coldstream. Fulton High School is near the airport in South Vernon. Seaton High School, also known as Seaton, is located directly off 27th Street which merges into Highway 97. Charles Bloom Secondary is in the town of Lumby, which is about 20 minutes East of Vernon on Highway 6. The high schools have many school rivalries, with all five schools competing in annual grad pranks as well as healthy competition in sporting events.[23] Vernon is home to few independent schools such as the Vernon Christian School[24] which has both an elementary (preschool-grade 6) and secondary campus with a middle school (grades 7-9) and high school (grades 10-12). For post-secondary education, Vernon is home to Okanagan College, a multi-campus full degree granting college. Many summer courses and yearly courses are offered there. Other smaller community and specialty colleges exist within Vernon.

Arts and culture

Each winter, Vernon plays host to the Vernon Winter Carnival. First held in 1961, it is now Western Canada's largest and North America's second largest Winter Carnival.[25][26][27]

Also, in summer, there is the Sunshine festival, held on the main street.

During the August long weekend for the past 9 years The Komasket Music Festival has taken place on the land of the Okanagan Indian Band. During this weekend a multi-cultural village is created in the town of Vernon and draws a crowd from across the nation as well as introducing international acts including this year's headliner The Wailers (reggae legend Bob Marley's backing band) to the area for the first time (in 2009 the festival brought 80's hip-hop icons Arrested Development (group)). It was started by the local music act known as Samsara and promotes family, community, world music and freedom. Being on sacred native land there is a no alcohol policy which creates a much safer and family orientated atmosphere.

Vernon is also home to a state of the art performing arts centre, The Vernon and District Performing Arts Centre.[28] The society presents three series of entertainment including dance, theatre and child oriented. The performing arts centre also hosts hundreds of touring musical acts, local talent and community based events on a yearly basis. The city also hosts The Powerhouse Theatrical Society,this award winning Community theatre group has entertained audiences in Vernon and area for over 50 years there season runs from November until May each year. Vernon also boasts one of the most successful film societies in Canada. Films are presented every second Monday at Vernon's Towne Cinema. The Vernon Film Society also produces two film festivals per year. One is a festival dedicated to the presentation of documentary films from around the world. The Second film festiva is also an international film festival dedicated to the presentation of mainstream movies that fall into the "Arts" genre.

Vernon's Towne Cinema is the home of The Vernon Film Society and is a classic example of a 1930s Art Deco style theatre. Built in 1929-30, the Towne Cinema began its life as The National Ball Room, presenting live entertainment on stage, hosting banquets and stage plays. It was the main venue in Vernon for entertaining the troops during the Second World War and was heavily involved in selling war bonds and the collection of aluminum from its customers for the war effort. Children could bring an old aluminum pot or pan and receive a ticket for a free movie, the aluminum going towards the construction of war planes and other military materials so necessary for the achievement of victory over the Nazi regime of Adolf Hitler.

The Vernon Community Arts Centre is located in Polson Park near downtown Vernon. This community centre is a studio-based facility and is operated by the Arts Council of the North Okanagan. The VCAC offers year-round programming for youth and adults such as art classes and workshops, an artist in residence program and independent study sessions.

Vernon also hosts the Creative Chaos art fair. Many artisans come and sell: jewellery, chocolates and candies, unique clothing, and other household items and/or decorations. The fair usually lasts three days and many of the citizens of Vernon partake. One of the main draws of the fair is the food fair. The food fair is held in the ice-less ice rink in the middle of the Rec Centre. A number of vendors are there selling many different cultural foods. The Creative Chaos art fair is a highlight in Vernon.

Vernon's downtown core is home to a large public art display in the form of its mural project. This artwork depicts interpretations of period photographs from Vernon's early history. The collection of most of the approximate 26 murals[29] was created under the direction of lead artist Michelle Loughery. The mural project is in a continual state of growth, with new pieces of art being added at regular intervals. One of the most notable murals is a depiction of Sveva Caetani, daughter of Italian noble Leone Caetani. She was an Italian immigrant who survived captivity by her mother to become a famed artist and local art instructor.[30]

Sports and recreation

File:Vernon Multiplex.JPG
The Kal Tire Place (formerly the Vernon Multiplex), completed in 2001, is home to the Vernon Vipers

Vernon is known for its lakes and beaches in the summer, and skiing and hockey in the winter. It is therefore a year-round tourist destination and weekend get-away for people from Vancouver and Calgary. During the summer Vernon hosts a large SloPitch tournament (Funtastic).[31]

The Vernon area is home to several golf courses.[32] Among these is the prestigious Predator Ridge Resort, a 36-hole golf resort and community. This resort is one of only two public golf courses in Western Canada to have been ranked by Score Magazine as one of Canada's top 25 golf courses over the last 8 years. Predator Ridge Resort also hosted the Skins Game twice - first in 2000 featuring Fred Couples, Sergio García, Phil Mickelson, and Mike Weir,[33][34] then in 2008 featuring Mike Weir, Fred Couples, Greg Norman, Colin Montgomerie and Camilo Villegas.

A new Fred Couples Signature golf course is now open. "The Golf Club at The Rise" showcases unsurpassed views of the Okanagan Lake and of Vernon itself.

One of the most popular winter sports in Vernon is skiing. Blessed with two major ski locations, each winter locals and tourists alike flock to Silver Star Mountain Resort and Sovereign Lake Nordic Club. Known as one of the top ski resorts in North America, Silver Star also has a large cross-country skiing area which hosted a 1991 FIS Cross-Country World Cup event.[35][36] As another world class ski area, Sovereign Lake is the region's premier cross-country skiing location with over 50 kilometers of skiing terrain.[37] This Nordic Club gained worldwide exposure as the host of a 2005 FIS Cross-Country World Cup event.[38]

Curling also has a strong following in Vernon, with local curlers being found at the Vernon Curling Club. In past years, Vernon has hosted several major national curling events, including the 1979 Canadian Senior Women's Curling Championship, the 1992 Canadian Junior Curling Championships, and the 2004 Canadian Senior Curling Championships. Its first international event, the 2008 Ford World Women's Curling Championship was held at the Vernon Multiplex.[39]

Tennis Another popular sport in Vernon is Tennis with many courts in picturesque locations . The Vernon Tennis Association (VTA) was started in October 2008 to bring together all tennis players of all skill levels within the Vernon area and to offer both competitive and social programs that are not being offered currently to players. Presently the VTA operates programs 15 hours per week in "partnership" with Greater Vernon Parks, Recreation and Culture.[40]

Hosting several beaches, Kalamalka Beach (Kal Beach) is amongst the most popular near Vernon. A large pier built by a local service club is used for sun bathing and jumping. In the evenings the beach is used extensively for beach volleyball. Kin Beach and Paddle Wheel Park Beach on Okanagan Lake are also among the most popular of the twenty or so larger beaches in Vernon. If you find the larger beaches too crowded, it is possible to find your own private piece of beach real estate, as there are hundreds, if not thousands of small accessible beaches across the landscape, and even your own private lake if you look hard enough.

Motoplex Speedway brings stock cars, including a NASCAR Canadian Tire Series national event, to their facility north of Vernon.

Cougar Canyon is near Vernon, with both a popular rock climbing site and an ecological preserve. Another place for cliff jumpers and campers is Ellison Provincial Park, located about 15–20 minutes out of South Vernon.

The city is home to the Atlantis Waterslides.

Vernon has also seen success in junior hockey. The Vernon Vipers (former the Vernon Lakers) are one of the most decorated junior teams in Canadian history having won the Royal Bank Cup (formerly the Centennial Cup) 6 times, four coming in the 1990s. They won while hosting the tournament in 1990, repeated in 1991, again in 1996, in 1999 and most recently won back-to-back championships in 2009 and 2010; giving arguably the most dominant performance of any franchise in a single decade since the introduction of the Centennial Cup in 1971. To date, the Vernon Vipers have won 4 Royal Bank Cups, 2 Centennial Cups, 4 Abbott Cups, 5 Doyle Cups, 8 Mowat Cups and 9 League Titles.

Club League Sport Established Venue
Vernon Vipers BCHL Ice hockey 1961 Kal Tire Place

The Vernon Tigers Junior B Lacrosse Club was established in 2000, coinciding with the inception of the Thompson Okanagan Junior Lacrosse League. Since that time, they have won three league titles and two provincial silver medals.

Club League Sport Established Venue
Vernon Tigers TOJLL Lacrosse 2000 Kal Tire Place

Notable people

  • Andrew Allen, singer-songwriter
  • Alice Barrett Parke, diarist and pioneer
  • Eric Brewer, ice hockey player for the Tampa Bay Lightning
  • Josh Dueck Won both Silver and Gold medals at the Paralympic Games in Sochi, Russia as well as a silver medal at the 2010 games in Vancouver. As an ace sit-skier, Dueck has also won gold in Mono Skier X at the 2011 X Games, bronze at the 2012 X Games and has won multiple IPC World Cup podiums and is the 2009 world downhill champion. To top it all off in February 2012, Dueck shot to international acclaim when he went upside-down and became the first sit-skier to complete a backflip on snow – earning him world-wide notoriety and an appearance on The Ellen DeGeneres Show. He is a vocal advocate for workplace safety and accessibility in sport, and in 2013 gave a TED Talk about his experiences.[41][42]
  • Andrew Ebbett, ice hockey player for the Pittsburgh Penguins
  • Lykele Faber, Dutch secret agent during World War II
  • Tracy Garneau, Ultramarathon runner
  • Sonja Gaudet Paralympic Curler, 3 time gold medalist, Sonja Gaudet is the world’s most decorated wheelchair curler. The veteran of Team Canada, she has gold medals from the 2006 Paralympic Winter Games where wheelchair curling made its debut in Torino, Italy and from the Vancouver 2010 Paralympic Winter Games where she won in front of a cheering home town crowd filled with friends and admirers. She also won Gold at the 2014 Games in Sochi, Russia. Her long list of achievements also includes three gold medals won at the 2013, 2011 and 2009 World Wheelchair Curling Championships. She also carried the flag for Canada in both the opening and closing ceremonies at Vancouver and Sochi respectively.[43]
  • Eric Godard, professional hockey player for the Pittsburgh Penguins
  • James Green (linebacker), professional football player for the Toronto Argonauts
  • Kevin Hill is a Canadian snowboarder. He competes primarily in snowboard cross and represented Canada in this event at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Soch where he was taken out by another racer going into the Gold medal round.Winning the USA Grand Prix in 2011 and also taking home Silver at the X games in 2011 as well as just missing bronze in 2014 also at the x games.He is ranked Canadian overall Champion for the 2014 Snowboardcross season and currently hold a 6th-place ranking in the world.
  • Aaron Hoffman better known by his stage name SonReal, hip hop and alternative artist.[44]
  • Ken Holland, general manager of the Detroit Red Wings
  • Ryan Holmes, CEO of HootSuite
  • Larry Kwong, first Chinese Canadian ice hockey player in the NHL
  • Frederick McCall, WW1 Air Ace. McCall Field was the original name of the Calgary International Airport
  • Vasek Pospisil, tennis player, Wimbledon 2014 men's doubles champion
  • Daniel Powter, singer-songwriter of US Billboard #1 hit song from 2005 Bad Day
  • TJ Schiller, professional skier
  • Jerred Smithson, professional hockey player for the Florida Panthers
  • Raymond Wladichuk, professional football player for the Hamilton Tiger-Cats
  • Krista and Tatiana Hogan, craniopagus conjoined twins

Photo gallery

  • View of downtown Vernon facing SE

  • Alexis Park area of Vernon BC facing north.

  • Alexis Park area of Vernon BC facing north.

  • View of Vernon BC facing NE.

  • Mission Hill area of Vernon - facing South.

  • Okanagan Landing area of Vernon facing SW.

Sister cities

Vernon has "sister city" agreements with the following cities:[45]

References

  1. ↑ Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and population centres, 2011 and 2006 censuses: British Columbia. Statistics Canada. Retrieved March 17, 2013
  2. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  3. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ 7.00 7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04 7.05 7.06 7.07 7.08 7.09 7.10 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  12. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  14. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  15. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  16. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  17. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  18. ↑ vss.sd22.bc.ca
  19. ↑ kalamalka.sd22.bc.ca
  20. ↑ fulton.sd22.bc.ca
  21. ↑ seaton.sd22.bc.ca
  22. ↑ bloom.sd22.bc.ca
  23. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  24. ↑ vcs.ca
  25. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  26. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  27. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  28. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. owned by the Regional District of the North Okanagan and operated by the Vernon and District Performing Arts Society.
  29. ↑ vernonmurals.ca
  30. ↑ http://memorybc.ca/sveva-caetani-fonds;radIn 1973, she obtained a teaching job at Charles Bloom School in Lumby, where she continued to teach until her retirement in 1984. During her years in Lumby, Sveva began to paint again. Her most important project, a series of 54 paintings which she called Recapitulation, was begun while she was teaching.
  31. ↑ funtastic.org
  32. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  33. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  34. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  35. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  36. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  37. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  38. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  39. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  40. ↑ vernontennis.com
  41. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  42. ↑ Josh Dueck
  43. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  44. ↑ SonReal
  45. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

External links

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Compass rose pale.svg Falkland Swan Lake Armstrong
 
Compass rose pale.svg
 
Kamloops North Silver Star
Okanagan Lake West   Vernon    East Lumby
Fintry South Graystokes Provincial Park
Oyama Kalamalka Lake Coldstream

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