Vojislav Koštunica

Vojislav Koštunica
8th Prime Minister of Serbia
In office 3 March 2004 – 7 July 2008
President	Dragan Maršićanin (Acting) Vojislav Mihailović (Acting) Predrag Marković (Acting) Boris Tadić
Deputy	Miroljub Labus Ivana Dulić-Marković Božidar Đelić
Preceded by	Zoran Živković
Succeeded by	Mirko Cvetković
4th President of Yugoslavia
In office 7 October 2000 – 7 March 2003
Prime Minister	Momir Bulatović Zoran Žižić Dragiša Pešić
Preceded by	Slobodan Milošević
Succeeded by	Svetozar Marović (Serbia and Montenegro)
Personal details
Born	(1944-03-24) 24 March 1944 Belgrade, German-occupied Serbia
Political party	Democratic Party (1990–1992) Democratic Party of Serbia (1992–2014) Statehood Movement of Serbia (2014–present)
Spouse(s)	Zorica Radović
Alma mater	University of Belgrade
Religion	Serbian Orthodoxy
Signature

Vojislav Koštunica (Serbian Cyrillic: Војислав Коштуница, pronounced [ʋǒjislaʋ koʃtǔnit͡sa]; born 24 March 1944) is a former Serbian politician. He was the last president of Yugoslavia from 2000 to 2003, and the prime minister of Serbia in two terms (from 2004 to 2007, and from 2007 to 2008).

He was one of the founders and the first president of the Democratic Party of Serbia since its creation in 1992 until 19 March 2014, when he resigned as party president and retired from active politics after his party failed to reach 5% threshold to enter the Parliament on March 16 elections for the first time in its history. In October 2014, he left the party after disagreements with new party leadership over what he saw as their abandonment of the policy of political neutrality.

In November 2014, he was one of the founders of Statehood Movement of Serbia.

Early life and education

Koštunica was born on 24 March 1944 in his family home in Belgrade, Yugoslavia. As a youth he went by the nickname 'Voja'. He was educated in Belgrade, where he finished elementary school, and graduated from the Second Belgrade High School in 1962. Koštunica enrolled in the University of Belgrade's Faculty of Law the same year, graduating in 1966. He earned his master's degree in 1970 and his Ph.D. in 1974 with his thesis "Institutionalized Opposition in the Political System of Capitalism".

Koštunica was an assistant at the faculty from 1970 until 1974, when he left due to a political purge at the university for criticising the communist regime of Josip Broz Tito. After his expulsion, Koštunica worked at the Institute of Social Sciences, and from 1981 at the Institute for Philosophy and Social Theory, where he engaged in the protection of human rights, specifically in the defence of freedom of thought and expression.

Political career

Koštunica was a founding member of the Democratic Party (DS) in 1989. He left the Democratic Party in 1992 over opposing views in leadership and formed the Democratic Party of Serbia.

Supported by both nationalists and liberals, the Democratic Opposition of Serbia backed him in the 2000 presidential election against incumbent Slobodan Milošević. Koštunica received 50.26 percent of the vote in the first round of voting, just a few thousand votes over the threshold needed to win outright. Milošević disputed the results of the first round, claiming that Koštunica had only received 49 percent of the vote and a runoff was required. A spontaneous riot forced Milošević to accept the results and step down as president. Koštunica then assumed the presidency. He was the last president of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Koštunica opposed the extradition of his predecessor, to the Hague Tribunal, and voiced opposition to the court several times.

Following the parliamentary elections in December 2003, in which the DSS emerged as the largest of the reformist parties, Koštunica became prime minister in March 2004 at the head of the new minority government, albeit with the support of the Socialist Party of Serbia. However, as a result of the bad showing of the presidential candidate Dragan Maršićanin in the 2004 presidential election, Koštunica announced that parliamentary elections should be expected by the end of the year just following the adoption of a new Constitution.

On 15 May 2007, after a brief crisis in his coalition, he was sworn in for his second term as prime minister.

Koštunica is a conservative politician with strong anti-communist views but also critical of the West, namely the United States and the European Union. In an interview with German weekly news magazine Der Spiegel, Koštunica stated he is "fairly close to de Gaulle", in his views. An unnamed Western diplomat was quoted as saying "Koštunica is a 19th-century, anti-western, romantic nationalist".

On Kosovo

President George W. Bush greets Vojislav Koštunica, then President of Yugoslavia, in the White House.

With Secretary Rice in Washington DC on 12 July 2006.

On 21 February 2008, following Kosovo's declaration of independence, Koštunica made an emotional speech in Belgrade, which included the following:

Dear citizens of Serbia, Serbia! What is Kosovo? Where is Kosovo? Whose is Kosovo? Is there anyone among us who is not from Kosovo? Is there anyone among us who thinks that Kosovo does not belong to us? Kosovo – that's Serbia's first name. Kosovo belongs to Serbia. Kosovo belongs to the Serbian people. That’s how it has been for ever. That's how it's going to be for ever. There is no force, no threat, and no punishment big and hideous enough for any Serb, at any time, to say anything different but, Kosovo is Serbia! Never will anyone hear from us that the Patriarchate of Peć does not belong to us, that Visoki Dečani and Gračanica are not ours! That the place where we were born is not ours; we and our state and our church and everything that makes us what we are today! If we as Serbs renounce Serbianhood, our origin, our Kosovo, our ancestors and our history – then, who are we Serbs? What is our name then?

Buses took thousands of supporters to the rally; some protestors then attacked embassies and looted shops.

On 25 February 2008, Koštunica demanded that the United States rescind its recognition of Kosovo, warning that "there will be no stability until the fake state" is annulled.

On 8 March 2008, Koštunica, as Prime Minister of Serbia, called for new elections on 11 May after the collapse of his party's coalition with the Democratic Party over relations with the European Union and Kosovo's unilateral declaration of independence.

On the European Union

On 4 April 2008, Koštunica stated that EU membership was no longer on the agenda for Serbia. He stated that before EU integration could continue, Serbia and the EU must discuss the matter of Serbia’s territorial integrity.

He stated that Serbia must not by any means sign the Stabilisation and Association Agreement, which he referred to the agreement as «Solana's agreement».

On 21 April 2008 Koštunica said that the SAA was in the interests of Olli Rehn and Javier Solana and not in Serbia's national interests. He also said that "the NATO pact cannot claim that Serbia recognised Kosovo’s independence with that signature." and that "the only thing the NATO pact will be able to claim is that individual parties signed Solana’s agreement.".

On 27 April 2008 he said that anyone who signed the SAA on behalf of Serbia would become an accomplice to tearing Serbia apart. He also implied there is a cover-up of something in the agreement by saying: "I am convinced every Serbian sees that things are being covered up, and that there is something seriously amiss with the Solana agreement." and he asked "who in Serbia dares to ignore these facts and conceal the real goal of Solana's agreement.".

On 28 April 2008 he said that "the signature will not be valid for Serbia and whoever signs the SAA will have to assume responsibility for such an act".

On 1 May 2008 Koštunica said that Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov was right when he said that the SAA should have been signed before Kosovo's unilateral declaration of independence and its recognition by 18 EU member states at the time. One day later on 2 May 2008 he vowed to annul the agreement after the election, calling it "a trick", "Solana's agreement" and "the Tadić-Đelić SAA signature". He said he refers to the act of signing of the SAA as anti-Constitutional and anti-state that leads to the breakup of Serbia. A spokesperson of Koštunica's Democratic Party of Serbia stated that Tadić was putting a seal of Judas of his party coalition to the Solana Agreement by signing it. On 4 May he called the document "a forgery and a trick".

First cabinet (2004–2007)

Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management	Ivana Dulić-Marković (2004–06) Goran Živkov (2006-06)
Capital Investment	Velimir Ilić
Culture	Dragan Kojadinović
Defense	Zoran Stanković (2006)
Deputy	Miroljub Labus (2004–06) Ivana Dulić-Marković (2006-06)
Diaspora	Vojislav Vukčević
Economy	Dragan Maršićanin (2004-04) Predrag Bubalo
Education and Sport	Ljiljana Čolić (2004-04) Slobodan Vuksanović
Energy and Mining	Radomir Naumov
Finance	Mlađan Dinkić (2004–06)
Foreign Affairs	Vuk Drašković (2006)
Health	Tomica Milosavljević (2004–06)
Interior Affairs	Dragan Jočić
International Economic Relations	Predrag Bubalo (2004-04) Milan Parivodić
Justice	Zoran Stojković
Labour, Employment and Social Affairs	Slobodan Lalović
Public Administration and Local Self-Government	Zoran Lončar
Religion	Milan Radulović
Science and Environmental Protection	Aleksandar Popović
Trade, Tourism and Services	Bojan Dimitrijević
Secretary-General	Dejan Mihajlov

Second cabinet (2007–2008)

Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management	Slobodan Milosavljević
Capital Investment	Velimir Ilić
Culture	Vojislav Brajović
Defence	Dragan Šutanovac
Environmental Protection	Saša Dragin
Deputy for European Integrations	Božidar Đelić
Diaspora	Milica Čubrilo
Economy and Regional Development	Mlađan Dinkić
Education	Zoran Lončar
Energy and Mining	Aleksandar Popović
Finance	Mirko Cvetković
Foreign Affairs	Vuk Jeremić
Health	Tomica Milosavljević
Interior Affairs	Dragan Jočić
Justice	Dušan Petrović
Kosovo and Metohija	Slobodan Samardžić
Labour and Social Policy	Rasim Ljajić
National Investment Plan	Dragan Đilas
Public Administration and Local Self-Government	Milan Marković
Religion	Radomir Naumov
Science	Ana Pešikan
Telecommunications and Information Society	Aleksandra Smiljanić
Trade and Services	Predrag Bubalo
Youth and Sports	Snežana Samardžić-Marković
Secretary-General	Dejan Mihajlov

See also

• Democratic Party of Serbia
• Cabinet of Serbia (2004–2007)
• Cabinet of Serbia (2007–2008)

External links

• Statehood Movement of Serbia - Official website

Government offices
Preceded by Slobodan Milošević	President of Yugoslavia 2000–2003	Succeeded by Svetozar Marović as President of Serbia and Montenegro
Preceded by Zoran Živković	Prime Minister of Serbia 2004–2008	Succeeded by Mirko Cvetković
Party political offices
Preceded by Post established	Leader of the Democratic Party of Serbia 1992–2014	Succeeded by Aleksandar Popović (Acting)