Wencheng dialect
| Wencheng dialect | |
|---|---|
| 文成話 | |
| Native to | People's Republic of China |
| Region | Wenzhou prefecture, Zhejiang province |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| ISO 639-6 | wceg |
| Glottolog | None |
Wencheng dialect (文成話) is a dialect of Wu Chinese. It is an Oujiang dialect, but its tone system is different from other Oujiang dialects such as Wenzhounese.
Phonology
The most important difference between eastern Oujiang dialects such as Wencheng and Wenzhou proper are tonal differences and the retention of /f/ before /o/:
| 八 | 风 | 到 | 晓得 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wenzhou | puu | hoŋ | tə | ɕadei |
| Wencheng | bɔ | foŋ | tɶ | ɕodi |
Wencheng shares the long vowels of Wenzhonese entering tone (spelled puu above) as well as the abrupt glottal stops of the sheng tones. The shang and ru tones are largely similar to Wenzhonese, but there are no falling tones—yang ping and yin qu are level—and yang qu is dipping rather than simply low.
| Tone number | Tone name | Tone contour |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | yin ping (陰平) | ˧ 3 |
| 2 | yang ping (陽平) | ʱ˨ 2 |
| 3 | yin shang (陰上) | ˧˦ʔ 34 |
| 4 | yang shang (陽上) | ʱ˨˧ʔ 23 |
| 5 | yin qu (陰去) | ˨ 2 |
| 6 | yang qu (陽去) | ʱ˧˨˧ 323 |
| 7 | yin ru (陰入) | ˨˧ː 23 |
| 8 | yang ru (陽入) | ʱ˨˩˧ː 213 |
Although yin qu has been said to have merged with yang ping (these are also close in Wenzhou, both being falling tones), the consonant voicing remains distinct. A second, slightly different transcription of Wencheng tone is reported, presumably largely due to speaker differences.
References
- ↑ Phil Rose, 2008. "Oujiang Wu tones are acoustic reconstruction", in Morphology and language history: in honour of Harold Koch, p 245
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