Wind power in Indiana

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Wind power in Indiana is located in Indiana
Union City
Union City
Headwaters
Headwaters
Carthage
Carthage
Kokomo
Kokomo
LaGrange
LaGrange
Wildcat I
Wildcat I
Wind power projects in Indiana
  Green pog.svg Operating
  Orange pog.svg Under construction
  Blue pog.svg Stand Alone Facilities

Wind power in Indiana was limited to a few small water-pumping windmills on farms until 2008 with construction of Indiana's first utility-scale wind power facility, Goodland (phase I) with a nameplate capacity of 130 MW. As of 2012, Indiana had a total of 1543 MW of wind power capacity installed ranking it 13th among U.S. states,[1] with more under construction or in planning. The main utility-scale development to that point had been in the northwest part of the state in Benton, White, and Jasper Counties. Fowler Ridge phase III should be completed later in 2010, to give a final nameplate capacity of 750 MW, making Fowler Ridge the Midwest's largest wind farm, and one of the largest in the world. Phases II-VI at Meadow Lake, when complete, will make Meadow Lake even larger at 1000 MW.[2]

Installed capacity and wind resources

The following table compares the growth in wind power installed nameplate capacity in MW for Indiana and the entire United States since 1999.[3]

Year Indiana US
1999 0 2,500
2000 0 2,554
2001 0 4,275
2002 0 4,685
2003 0 6,370
2004 0 6,725
2005 0 9,149
2006 0 11,603
2007 0 16,819
2008 130 25,170
2009 1036 35,159
2010 1238 40,180
2011 1340 46,919
2012 1543 60,007
2013 1544 61,110
Installed capacity by state as of 2013 (animated map of installed capacity growth)
Average annual wind power density map for Indiana at 50m above ground

On February 11, 2010, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory released the first comprehensive update of the wind energy potential by state since 1993, showing that Indiana had potential to install up to 148 GW of onshore wind power nameplate capacity, generating 443 TWh annually.[4][5] For comparison, Indiana consumed 106.549 TWh of electricity in 2005;[6] the entire U.S. wind power industry was producing at an annual rate of approximately 50 TWh at the end of 2008; and Three Gorges Dam (the world's largest electricity-generating station) produced an average of 80 TWh/yr in 2008 and 2009.

Indiana also has some offshore wind resources in the shallows of Lake Michigan along its shoreline.[7][8][9] However, offshore wind power development is far behind onshore development in the United States generally, because onshore development is cheaper and the United States has an abundance of suitable onshore sites to develop. Indiana has no offshore wind farms as of 2021.

Wind generation

Indiana Wind Generation in 2011
Indiana Wind Generation (GWh, Million kWh)
Year Total Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec
2009 1,403 49 109 133 161 94 69 43 64 45 145 220 272
2010 2,934 271 187 224 316 220 156 119 90 246 342 396 364
2011 3,289 315 391 377 429 270 204 82 84 164 246 432 295
2012 3,163 416 307 374 386 212 185 113 94 162 324 234 357

Source:[10][11][12]

Wind farms

The following table of wind farms and utility-scale wind power developments uses data from the AWEA,[3] the State of Indiana,[13] and other sources. For the larger projects constructed in phases, the table lists separate information for each phase. The name of each wind farm is the name used by the energy company when referring to the farm. The Wind Farm suffix is implied and hence removed for brevity. For more details and references for each wind farm, see its article.

Wind farm County(s) Turbine model Power per turbine (MW) No. of Turbines Total Nameplate Capacity (MW) Online Developer Operator Power purchaser Coordinates
Benton County phase I Benton GE sl/sle Gen4 1.5 87 130.5 2008-04 Orion Energy Orion Energy Duke, Vectren Lua error in Module:Coordinates at line 668: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found.
Fowler Ridge phase I Vestas Benton Vestas V82 1.65 182 300.3 2009-04 BP, Dominion BP, Dominion AEP, Dominion Lua error in Module:Coordinates at line 668: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found.
Fowler Ridge phase I Clipper Benton Clipper 2.5 2.5 40 100 2009-04 BP, Dominion BP, Dominion AEP, Dominion Lua error in Module:Coordinates at line 668: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found.
Fowler Ridge phase II Benton GE sl/sle Gen4 1.5 133 199.5 2009-12 BP, Dominion BP, Dominion AEP, Vectren Lua error in Module:Coordinates at line 668: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found.
Headwaters Randolph Vestas V110 2 100 200 December 2014 EDP Renewables North America Indiana Michigan Power
Hoosier Benton REpower 2 53 106 2009-08 IPL, enXco IPL, enXco IPL Lua error in Module:Coordinates at line 668: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found.
Meadow Lake phase I White Vestas V82 1.65 121 199.65 October 2009 Horizon Wind Energy EDP Renewables North America AEP, wholesale market Lua error in Module:Coordinates at line 668: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found.
Meadow Lake phase II White Acciona 1.5 66 99 June 2010 Horizon Wind Energy EDP Renewables North America Lua error in Module:Coordinates at line 668: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found.
Meadow Lake phase III White GE 1.5 69 103.5 October 2010 Horizon Wind Energy EDP Renewables North America Lua error in Module:Coordinates at line 668: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found.
Meadow Lake phase IV White Suzlon 2.1 47 98.7 October 2010 Horizon Wind Energy EDP Renewables North America Lua error in Module:Coordinates at line 668: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found.
Prairie Breeze Tipton 1.6 94 150 Juwi Lua error in Module:Coordinates at line 668: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found.
Union City/Randolph Eastern School Corporation Randolph Nordic Windpower 1 2 2 2010-02 Performance Services Union City, Randolph Eastern School Corporation AEP Lua error in Module:Coordinates at line 668: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found.
Wildcat phase I Madison, Tipton GE 1.6 125 200 2012-10 E.ON E.ON AEP Lua error in Module:Coordinates at line 668: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found.
Wildcat phase II Grant, Howard 40-60 (proposed) E.ON Lua error in Module:Coordinates at line 668: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found.
Wildcat phase III Tipton 40-75 (proposed) E.ON
Wildcat phase IV Tipton (proposed) E.ON

Single-unit turbines

In addition to the above wind farms, single stand-alone units have also been built in five other locations, mostly at schools. Some of these units were placed to test the environment for future wind energy development.[14][15][16]

Location County Owner Wind speed
(m/s)		 Power
(Kw)
Middletown Henry Shenandoah School Corporation 900
Carthage Shelby 7.7 / 99m
Haubstadt Gibson South Gibson S.C. 6.1 / 99m
Kokomo Howard Northwestern School Corporation 7.0 / 99m
LaGrange LaGrange 7.0 / 99m
Upland Grant Taylor University

Environmental impact

According to the USDOE, each 1000 MW of wind power capacity installed in Indiana will annually save 1,684 million gallons of water and eliminate 3.1 million tons of carbon dioxide emissions.[17]

For comparison, Indiana emitted a total of 230,830,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide in 2007.[18][19]

As of March 2010 Indiana lacked a renewable energy standard, unlike several other midwestern states: Ohio, Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri and Iowa.[20] Nevertheless, Indiana's wind power development had outpaced that of Ohio and Michigan.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Installed Wind Capacity, U.S. Department of Energy, 3 March 2013
  2. ↑ "Meadow Lake Update" (PDF). Horizon Wind Energy. 2009-07-15. Retrieved 2010-03-16.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>[dead link]
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "U.S. Wind Energy Projects - Indiana". American Wind Energy Association. 2010-09-30. Retrieved 2011-03-07.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
  4. ↑ "Estimates of Windy Land Area and Wind Energy Potential by State for Areas >= 30% Capacity Factor at 80m" (XLS). National Renewable Energy Laboratory. 2010-02-04. Retrieved 2010-03-13.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
  5. ↑ "Indiana Wind Activities". National Renewable Energy Laboratory. 2010-02-19. Retrieved 2010-03-13.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
  6. ↑ "Electric Power and Renewable Energy in Indiana". USDOE, EERE. 2008-06-25. Retrieved 2010-03-13.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
  7. ↑ Bradley, David (2004-02-06). "A Great Potential: The Great Lakes as a Regional Renewable Energy Source" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-03-25. Retrieved 2008-10-04.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>[dead link]
  8. ↑ "Great Lakes eyed for offshore wind farms". MSNBC, Associated Press. 2008-10-31. Retrieved 2008-11-14.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
  9. ↑ "Momentum Grows for Great Lakes Offshore Wind". NewEnergyNews. 2008-10-31. Retrieved 2008-11-15.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
  10. ↑ EIA (July 27, 2012). "Electric Power Monthly Table 1.17.A." United States Department of Energy. Retrieved 2012-08-15.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
  11. ↑ EIA (July 27, 2012). "Electric Power Monthly Table 1.17.B." United States Department of Energy. Retrieved 2012-08-15.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
  12. ↑ EIA (February 2013). "Electric Power Monthly Table 1.17.A." (PDF). United States Department of Energy. Retrieved 2013-05-24.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
  13. ↑ "Indiana Office of Energy Development - Wind Power". IN.gov - Official Website of the State of Indiana. Retrieved 2010-03-23.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
  14. ↑ ams.confex.com/ams/pdfpapers/91911.pdf
  15. ↑ http://www.insideindianabusiness.com/newsitem.asp?ID=39751
  16. ↑ http://www.taylor.edu/sciencecomplex/about/wind-turbines.shtml
  17. ↑ Lantz, Eric; Tegen, Suzanne (May 2008). "Economic Benefits, Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions Reductions, and Water Conservation Benefits from 1,000 Megawatts (MW) of New Wind Power in Indiana" (PDF, 503kB). EERE, NREL. Retrieved 2010-03-17.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
  18. ↑ http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/emissions/downloads/CO2FFC_2007.pdf
  19. ↑ http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/emissions/downloads/CO2FFC_2007.xls
  20. ↑ Slabaugh, Seth (2010-01-11). "Indiana not promoting wind energy like its neighbors". Retrieved 2010-03-23.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
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