1946 United States Senate elections

Lua error in Module:Infobox at line 271: malformed pattern (missing ']'). The 1946 United States Senate elections were held November 5, 1946, in the middle of Democratic President Harry S. Truman's first term. The Republicans took control of the Senate by picking up twelve seats, mostly from the Democrats.

The vote was largely seen as a referendum on Truman, whose approval rating had sunk to 32%^[1] over the president's controversial handling of a wave of post-war labor strikes, such as a nationwide railroad strike in May, at a time when Americans depended on train service for both commuter and long-distance travel. Just as damaging was Truman's back-and-forth over whether to end unpopular wartime price controls to handle shortages, particularly in foodstuffs. For example, price controls on beef had led to a "hamburger famine," but when Truman, in a surprise move, lifted the controls on October 14 — just weeks before the election — meat prices shot up to record levels.^{[citation needed]}

This is only one of two occasions in U.S. history that 10 or more Senate seats changed hands in a midterm election (the other being in 1958), and also one of five occasions where 10 or more Senate seats changed hands in an election, with the other occasions being in 1920, 1932, 1958, and 1980.

Republican wave

The president's lack of popular support is widely seen as the reason for the Democrats' congressional defeat, the largest since they were trounced in the 1928 pro-Republican wave that brought Herbert Hoover to power. And for the first time since before the Great Depression, Republicans were seen as the party which could best handle the American economy.

However, the Republicans also benefited from what today would be called "a good map," meaning that of the one-third of Senate seats up for election, the majority were held by Democrats.

Besides the Republicans being able to hold onto all of their seats, this was the party's largest senate gain since 1920.

Results summary

↓
45	51
Democratic	Republican

Colored shading indicates party with largest share of that row.

Parties #3333FF #E81B23 white		Total
Parties #3333FF #E81B23 white		Total	Democratic	Republican	Other
Last elections (1944)		57	38	1	96
Before these elections		56	39	1	96
Not up		32	28	0	60
Up		24	11	1	36
	Class 1 (1940→1946)	21	10	1	32
	Special: Class 2	3	1	—	4

Incumbent retired		4	4	—	8
	Held by same party	3	4	—	7
	Replaced by other party	1 Democrat replaced by 1 Republican		—	1
	Result	3	5	0	8
Incumbent ran		20	7	1	28
	Won re-election	9	6	0	16
	Lost re-election	7 Democrats replaced by 7 Republicans		—	7
	Lost renomination but held by same party	1	1	—	2
	Lost (re)nomination and party lost	3 Democrats replaced by 3 Republicans 1 Progressive replaced by 1 Republican			4
	Result	10	18	0	28

Total elected		13	23	0	36
Net change		11	12	1	12

Nationwide vote		12,062,433	15,489,926	1,142,765	28,695,124
	Share	42.04%	53.98%	3.98%	100%
Result		45	51	0	96

Source: Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives^[2]

Gains and losses

In addition to a net Republican gain by appointment before the election, the Republicans picked up twelve seats, eleven of them from Democrats, and one from Wisconsin Progressive Robert M. La Follette Jr.. This gave them a Senate majority for the first time since Hoover's administration.

In addition to capturing open seats in Idaho, Montana, Nevada, and New York, the Republicans defeated seven Democratic incumbents:

Delaware: James M. Tunnell
Massachusetts: David I. Walsh
Missouri: Frank P. Briggs, seat was previously held by Truman.
Ohio: James W. Huffman
Pennsylvania: Joseph F. Guffey
Utah: Abe Murdock
Washington: Hugh B. Mitchell

Change in composition

Before the elections

		D₁	D₂	D₃	D₄	D₅	D₆	D₇	D₈
D₁₈	D₁₇	D₁₆	D₁₅	D₁₄	D₁₃	D₁₂	D₁₁	D₁₀	D₉
D₁₉	D₂₀	D₂₁	D₂₂	D₂₃	D₂₄	D₂₅	D₂₆	D₂₇	D₂₈
D₃₈ Md. Ran	D₃₇ Idaho (sp) Ran	D₃₆ Fla. Ran	D₃₅ Del. Ran	D₃₄ Ariz. Ran	D₃₃ Ala. (sp) Retired	D₃₂	D₃₁	D₃₀	D₂₉
D₃₉ Mass. Ran	D₄₀ Miss. Ran	D₄₁ Mo. Ran	D₄₂ Mont. Ran	D₄₃ Nev. Ran	D₄₄ N.M. Ran	D₄₅ N.Y. Retired	D₄₆ Ohio (reg) Ohio (sp) Retired	D₄₇ Pa. Ran	D₄₈ R.I. Retired
Majority →									D₄₉ Tenn. Ran
R₃₉ Vt. Ran	Template:Party shading/Progressive/active \| P₁ Wis. Ran	D₅₆ Wyo. Ran	D₅₅ W.Va. Ran	D₅₄ Wash. Ran	D₅₃ Va. (sp) Retired	D₅₂ Va. (reg) Ran	D₅₁ Utah Ran	D₅₀ Texas Ran	D₄₉ Tenn. Ran
R₃₈ N.D. (reg) Ran	R₃₇ N.J. Ran	R₃₆ Neb. Ran	R₃₅ Minn. Ran	R₃₄ Mich. Ran	R₃₃ Maine Ran	R₃₂ Ky. (sp) Retired	R₃₁ Ind. Retired	R₃₀ Conn. (reg) Conn. (sp) Retired	R₂₉ Calif. (reg) Calif. (sp) Ran
R₁₉	R₂₀	R₂₁	R₂₂	R₂₃	R₂₄	R₂₅	R₂₆	R₂₇	R₂₈
R₁₈	R₁₇	R₁₆	R₁₅	R₁₄	R₁₃	R₁₂	R₁₁	R₁₀	R₉
		R₁ N.D. (sp) Elected^{[lower-alpha 1]}	R₂	R₃	R₄	R₅	R₆	R₇	R₈

Election results

		D₁	D₂	D₃	D₄	D₅	D₆	D₇	D₈
D₁₈	D₁₇	D₁₆	D₁₅	D₁₄	D₁₃	D₁₂	D₁₁	D₁₀	D₉
D₁₉	D₂₀	D₂₁	D₂₂	D₂₃	D₂₄	D₂₅	D₂₆	D₂₇	D₂₈
D₃₈ N.M. Re-elected	D₃₇ Miss. Re-elected	D₃₆ Md. Hold	D₃₅ Fla. Elected^{[lower-alpha 2]}	D₃₄ Ariz. Re-elected	D₃₃ Ala. (sp) Hold	D₃₂	D₃₁	D₃₀	D₂₉
D₃₉ R.I. Hold	D₄₀ Tenn. Re-elected	D₄₁ Texas Re-elected	D₄₂ Va. (reg) Re-elected	D₄₃ Va. (sp) Hold	D₄₄ W.Va. Re-elected	D₄₅ Wyo. Re-elected	R₅₁ Wis. Gain	R₅₀ Wash. Gain	R₄₉ Utah Gain
Majority →									R₄₉ Utah Gain
R₃₉ Vt. Elected^{[lower-alpha 2]}	R₄₀ Del. Gain	R₄₁ Idaho (sp) Gain	R₄₂ Mass. Gain	R₄₃ Mo. Gain	R₄₄ Mont. Gain	R₄₅ Nev. Gain	R₄₆ N.Y. Gain	R₄₇ Ohio (reg) Gain Ohio (sp) Gain	R₄₈ Pa. Gain
R₃₈ N.D. (reg) Re-elected	R₃₇ N.J. Re-elected	R₃₆ Neb. Re-elected	R₃₅ Minn. Hold	R₃₄ Mich. Re-elected	R₃₃ Maine Re-elected	R₃₂ Ky. (sp) Hold	R₃₁ Ind. Hold	R₃₀ Conn. (reg) Conn. (sp) Hold	R₂₉ Calif. (reg) Calif. (sp) Elected^{[lower-alpha 2]}
R₁₉	R₂₀	R₂₁	R₂₂	R₂₃	R₂₄	R₂₅	R₂₆	R₂₇	R₂₈
R₁₈	R₁₇	R₁₆	R₁₅	R₁₄	R₁₃	R₁₂	R₁₁	R₁₀	R₉
		R₁	R₂	R₃	R₄	R₅	R₆	R₇	R₈

Key

D_#	Democratic
P_#	Progressive
R_#	Republican

Race summaries

Special elections during the 79th Congress

In these special elections, the winner was seated during 1946, ordered by election date, then state.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Results	Candidates
North Dakota (Class 3)	Milton Young	Republican	1945 (Appointed)	Interim appointee elected June 25, 1946.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y Milton Young (Republican) 55.5% ▌William Lanier (Democratic) 27.4% ▌Gerald Nye (Independent) 15.2%
Alabama (Class 2)	George R. Swift	Democratic	1946 (Appointed)	Interim appointee retired. New senator elected November 5, 1946. Democratic hold.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y John Sparkman (Democratic) Unopposed
California (Class 1)	William Knowland	Republican	1945 (Appointed)	Interim appointee elected November 5, 1946. Winner also elected to next term; see below.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y William Knowland (Republican) 55.8% ▌Will Rogers Jr. (Democratic) 15.9% ▌George H. McLain (Democratic) 3.12%^[3]
Connecticut (Class 1)	Thomas C. Hart	Republican	1945 (Appointed)	Interim appointee retired. New senator elected November 5, 1946. Republican hold. Winner also elected to next term; see below.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y Raymond E. Baldwin (Republican) 55.8% ▌Joseph M. Tone (Democratic) 40.5% ▌Frederic C. Smedley (Socialist) 3.2%^[4]
Idaho (Class 2)	Charles C. Gossett	Democratic	1945 (Appointed)	Interim appointee lost nomination. New senator elected November 5, 1946. Republican gain.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y Henry Dworshak (Republican) 58.6% ▌George E. Donart (Democratic) 41.4%
Kentucky (Class 2)	William A. Stanfill	Republican	1945 (Appointed)	Interim appointee retired. New senator elected November 5, 1946. Republican hold.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y John Sherman Cooper (Republican) 53.3% ▌John Y. Brown Sr. (Democratic) 46.5%
Ohio (Class 1)	James W. Huffman	Democratic	1945 (Appointed)	Interim appointee retired. New senator elected November 5, 1946. Republican gain. Winner was not elected to the next term; see below.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y Kingsley A. Taft (Republican) 56.2% ▌Henry P. Webber (Democratic) 43.8%^[5]
Virginia (Class 2)	Thomas G. Burch	Democratic	1946 (Appointed)	Interim appointee retired. New senator elected November 5, 1946. Democratic hold.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y Absalom Willis Robertson (Democratic) 68.2% ▌Robert H. Woods (Republican) 29.0%

Races leading to the 80th Congress

In these general elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning January 3, 1947; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 1 seats.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Results	Candidates
Arizona	Ernest McFarland	Democratic	1940	Incumbent re-elected.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y Ernest McFarland (Democratic) 69.2% ▌Ward S. Powers (Republican) 30.1%
California	William Knowland	Republican	1945 (Appointed)	Interim appointee elected. Winner also elected to finish term; see above.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y William Knowland (Republican) 54.1% ▌Will Rogers Jr. (Democratic) 44.2% ▌Douglas Corrigan (Prohibition) 1.62%^[3]
Connecticut	Thomas C. Hart	Republican	1945 (Appointed)	Interim appointee retired. New senator elected. Republican hold. Winner also elected to finish term; see above.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y Raymond E. Baldwin (Republican) 55.8% ▌Wilbur Lucius Cross (Democratic) 41.0% ▌Frederic C. Smedley (Socialist) 3.3%^[4]
Delaware	James M. Tunnell	Democratic	1940	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Republican gain.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y John J. Williams (Republican) 55.2% ▌James M. Tunnell (Democratic) 44.9%
Florida	Spessard Holland	Democratic	1946 (Appointed)	Interim appointee elected.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y Spessard Holland (Democratic) 78.7% ▌J. Harry Schad (Republican) 21.4%
Indiana	Raymond E. Willis	Republican	1940	Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Republican hold.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y William E. Jenner (Republican) 52.4% ▌M. Clifford Townsend (Democratic) 46.8%
Maine	Owen Brewster	Republican	1940	Incumbent re-elected.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y Owen Brewster (Republican) 63.6% ▌Peter M. MacDonald (Democratic) 36.5%
Maryland	George L. P. Radcliffe	Democratic	1934 1940	Incumbent lost renomination. New senator elected. Democratic hold.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y Herbert O'Conor (Democratic) 50.2% ▌D. John Markey (Republican) 49.8%
Massachusetts	David I. Walsh	Democratic	1918 1924 (Lost) 1926 (Special) 1928 1934 1940	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Republican gain.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. (Republican) 59.6% ▌David I. Walsh (Democratic) 39.7%
Michigan	Arthur Vandenberg	Republican	1928 (Special) 1928 1934 1940	Incumbent re-elected.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y Arthur Vandenberg (Republican) 67.1% ▌James H. Lee (Democratic) 32.0%
Minnesota	Henrik Shipstead	Republican	1922 1928 1934 1940	Incumbent lost renomination. New senator elected. Republican hold.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y Edward John Thye (Republican) 58.9% ▌Theodore Jorgenson (DFL) 39.8%
Mississippi	Theodore G. Bilbo	Democratic	1934 1940	Incumbent re-elected.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y Theodore G. Bilbo (Democratic) Unopposed^[6]
Missouri	Frank P. Briggs	Democratic	1945 (Appointed)	Interim appointee lost election. New senator elected. Republican gain.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y James P. Kem (Republican) 52.7% ▌Frank P. Briggs (Democratic) 47.1%
Montana	Burton K. Wheeler	Democratic	1922 1928 1934 1940	Incumbent lost renomination. New senator elected. Republican gain.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y Zales Ecton (Republican) 53.5% ▌Leif Erickson (Democratic) 45.4%
Nebraska	Hugh A. Butler	Republican	1940	Incumbent re-elected.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y Hugh A. Butler (Republican) 70.8% ▌John E. Mekota (Democratic) 29.2%
Nevada	Edward P. Carville	Democratic	1945 (Appointed)	Incumbent lost renomination. New senator elected. Republican gain.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y George W. Malone (Republican) 55.2% ▌Berkeley L. Bunker (Democratic) 44.8%
New Jersey	Howard Alexander Smith	Republican	1944 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y Howard Alexander Smith (Republican) 58.5% ▌George E. Brunner (Democratic) 40.1%
New Mexico	Dennis Chávez	Democratic	1935 (Appointed) 1936 (Special) 1940	Incumbent re-elected.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y Dennis Chávez (Democratic) 51.5% ▌Patrick J. Hurley (Republican) 48.5%
New York	James M. Mead	Democratic	1940	Incumbent retired to run for New York Governor. New senator elected. Republican gain.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y Irving Ives (Republican) 52.6% ▌Herbert H. Lehman (Democratic) 47.6%
North Dakota	William Langer	Republican	1940	Incumbent re-elected.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y William Langer (Republican) 53.3% ▌Arthur E. Thompson (Independent) 23.5% ▌Abner B. Larson (Democratic) 23.2%
Ohio	James W. Huffman	Democratic	1945 (Appointed)	Interim appointee retired. New senator elected. Republican gain. Winner was not elected to finish the term; see above.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y John W. Bricker (Republican) 57.0% ▌James W. Huffman (Democratic) 42.4%^[5]
Pennsylvania	Joseph F. Guffey	Democratic	1934 1940	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Republican gain.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y Edward Martin (Republican) 59.3% ▌Joseph F. Guffey (Democratic) 39.8%
Rhode Island	Peter G. Gerry	Democratic	1934 1940	Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Democratic hold.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y J. Howard McGrath (Democratic) 55.1% ▌W. Gurnee Dwyer (Republican) 44.9%
Tennessee	Kenneth McKellar	Democratic	1916 1922 1928 1934 1940	Incumbent re-elected.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y Kenneth McKellar (Democratic) 66.6% ▌William B. Ladd (Republican) 26.2%
Texas	Tom Connally	Democratic	1928 1934 1940	Incumbent re-elected.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y Tom Connally (Democratic) 88.5% ▌Murray C. Sells (Republican) 11.5%
Utah	Orrice Abram Murdock Jr.	Democratic	1940	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Republican gain.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y Arthur Vivian Watkins (Republican) 51.2% ▌Orrice Abram Murdock Jr. (Democratic) 48.8%
Vermont	Ralph Flanders	Republican	1946 (Appointed)	Interim appointee elected.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y Ralph Flanders (Republican) 74.6% ▌Charles P. McDevitt (Democratic) 25.4%
Virginia	Harry F. Byrd	Democratic	1933 (Appointed) 1933 (Special) 1934 1940	Incumbent re-elected.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y Harry F. Byrd (Democratic) 64.9% ▌Lester S. Parsons (Republican) 30.5%
Washington	Hugh B. Mitchell	Democratic	1945 (Appointed)	Interim appointee lost election. New senator elected. Republican gain. Incumbent resigned December 25, 1946. Winner appointed December 26, 1946 to finish term.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y Harry P. Cain (Republican) 54.3% ▌Hugh B. Mitchell (Democratic) 45.2%
West Virginia	Harley M. Kilgore	Democratic	1940	Incumbent re-elected.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y Harley M. Kilgore (Democratic) 50.3% ▌Thomas Sweeney (Republican) 49.7%
Wisconsin	Robert M. La Follette Jr.	Progressive	1925 (Special) 1928 1934 1940	Incumbent lost renomination as a Republican. New senator elected. Republican gain.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y Joseph McCarthy (Republican) 61.3% ▌Howard J. McMurray (Democratic) 37.4% ▌Edwin Knappe (Socialist) 1.2%
Wyoming	Joseph C. O'Mahoney	Democratic	1933 (Appointed) 1934 1940	Incumbent re-elected.	<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> ▌Y Joseph C. O'Mahoney (Democratic) 56.2% ▌Harry B. Henderson (Republican) 43.8%

Alabama (Special)

1946 United States Senate special election in Alabama^[2]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	John Sparkman	163,217	100.00%
	Democratic hold

Arizona

Senator Ernest McFarland

Incumbent Democrat Ernest McFarland ran for re-election to a second term, easily defeating Republican Ward S. Powers in the general election.

1946 United States Senate election in Arizona^[7]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Ernest McFarland (incumbent)	80,415	69.18%
	Republican	Ward S. Powers	35,022	30.13%
	Communist	Morris Graham	802	0.69%
Majority			45,393	39.05%
Voter turnout			%
	Democratic hold

California

California (Special)

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California (Regular)

1946 United States Senate election in California^[2]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	William Knowland (Incumbent)	1,428,067	54.10%
	Democratic	Will Rogers Jr.	1,167,161	44.22%
style="background-color: Template:Prohibition Party (US)/meta/color; width: 2px;" \|	[[Prohibition Party (US)\|Template:Prohibition Party (US)/meta/shortname]]	Douglas Corrigan	42,683	1.62%
	Write-In	Herbert Steiner	156	0.01%
	None	Scattering	1,398	0.05%
Majority			260,906	9.88%
Voter turnout			%
	Republican hold

Connecticut

Senator Raymond E. Baldwin

There were 2 elections for the same seat due to the January 16, 1945 death of Democrat Francis T. Maloney. Republican Thomas C. Hart was appointed February 15, 1945 to continue the term, pending a special election. Republican Governor of Connecticut Raymond E. Baldwin won both elections, but resigned only three years after the election to become a state judge.

Connecticut (Regular)

1946 United States Senate election in Connecticut^[8]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Raymond E. Baldwin	381,328	55.84%
	Democratic	Joseph M. Tone	276,424	40.48%
	Socialist	Frederick C. Smedley	22,012	3.22%
	Socialist Labor	John W. Aiken	3,156	0,46%
Majority			104,904	29.32%
Voter turnout			%
	Republican hold

Connecticut (Special)

1946 United States Senate special election in Connecticut^[2]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Raymond E. Baldwin	378,707	55.77%
	Democratic	Wilbur Lucius Cross	278,188	40.97%
	[[Socialist Party (US)\|Template:Socialist Party (US)/meta/shortname]]	Frederic C. Smedly	22,164	3.26%
Majority			100,519	14.80%
Voter turnout			%
	Republican hold

Delaware

1946 United States Senate election in Delaware^[2]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	John J. Williams	62,603	55.15%
	Democratic	James M. Tunnell (Incumbent)	50,910	44.85%
Majority			11,693	10.30%
Voter turnout			%
	Republican gain from Democratic

Florida

1946 United States Senate election in Florida^[2]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Spessard Holland (Incumbent)	156,232	78.65%
	Republican	J. Harry Schad	42,408	21.35%
Majority			113,824	57.30%
Voter turnout			%
	Democratic hold

Idaho (Special)

1946 United States Senate special election in Idaho^[2]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Henry Dworshak	105,523	58.57%
	Democratic	George E. Donart	74,629	41.43%
Majority			30,894	17.14%
Voter turnout			%
	Republican gain from Democratic

Indiana

1946 United States Senate election in Indiana^[2]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	William E. Jenner	739,809	54.91%
	Democratic	M. Clifford Townsend	584,288	43.36%
style="background-color: Template:Prohibition Party (US)/meta/color; width: 2px;" \|	[[Prohibition Party (US)\|Template:Prohibition Party (US)/meta/shortname]]	Elmer D. Riggs	21,008	1.56%
	Socialist Labor	John Marion Morris	1,523	0.11%
	Communist	Elmer G. Johnson	806	0.06%
Majority			155,521	15.55%
Voter turnout			%
	Republican hold

Kentucky (Special)

1946 United States Senate special election in Kentucky^[2]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	John Sherman Cooper	327,652	53.27%
	Democratic	John Young Brown	285,829	46.47%
	[[Socialist Party (US)\|Template:Socialist Party (US)/meta/shortname]]	W. E. Sandefur	1,638	0.27%
Majority			41,823	6.80%
Voter turnout			%
	Republican hold

Maine

1946 United States Senate election in Maine^[2]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Ralph Owen Brewster (Incumbent)	111,215	63.55%
	Democratic	Peter M. MacDonald	63,799	36.45%
Majority			47,416	27.10%
Voter turnout			%
	Republican hold

Maryland

1946 United States Senate election in Maryland^[2]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Herbert O'Conor	237,232	50.24%
	Republican	D. John Markey	235,000	49.76%
Majority			2,232	0.48%
Voter turnout			%
	Democratic hold

Massachusetts

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Republican Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. defeated incumbent David I. Walsh.

1946 United States Senate election in Massachusetts^[9]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.	989,736	59.55
	Democratic	David I. Walsh (Incumbent)	660,200	39.72
	Socialist Labor	Henning A. Blomen	9,221	0.56
style="background-color: Template:Prohibition Party (US)/meta/color; width: 2px;" \|	[[Prohibition Party (US)\|Template:Prohibition Party (US)/meta/shortname]]	Mark R. Shaw	2,898	0.17
Majority			329,536	19.83%
Voter turnout			%
	Republican gain from Democratic

Michigan

1946 United States Senate election in Michigan^[2]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Arthur Vandenberg (Incumbent)	1,985,570	67.06%
	Democratic	James H. Lee	517,923	32.00%
style="background-color: Template:Prohibition Party (US)/meta/color; width: 2px;" \|	[[Prohibition Party (US)\|Template:Prohibition Party (US)/meta/shortname]]	Lawrence A. Ruble	8,109	0.50%
	Socialist Labor	Theos A. Grove	4,572	0.28%
	Communist	Hugo Beiswenger	2,546	0.16%
Majority			1,467,647	35.06%
Voter turnout			%
	Republican hold

Minnesota

Senator Edward John Thye

1946 United States Senate election in Minnesota^[2]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
style="background-color: Template:Republican Party (Minnesota)/meta/color; width: 2px;" \|	[[Republican Party (Minnesota)\|Template:Republican Party (Minnesota)/meta/shortname]]	Edward John Thye	517,775	58.92%
	DFL	Theodore Jorgenson	349,520	39.78%
	Revolutionary Workers	Grace Carlson	11,421	1.30%
	Write-In	Henrik Shipstead (Incumbent)	15	0.00%
Majority			168,255	19.14%
Voter turnout			%
style="background-color: Template:Republican Party (Minnesota)/meta/color" \|	[[Republican Party (Minnesota)\|Template:Republican Party (Minnesota)/meta/shortname]] hold

Mississippi

1946 United States Senate election in Mississippi^[2]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Theodore G. Bilbo (Incumbent)	46,747	100.00%
	Democratic hold

Missouri

1946 United States Senate election in Missouri^[2]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	James P. Kem	572,556	52.71%
	Democratic	Frank P. Briggs (Incumbent)	411,544	47.09%
style="background-color: Template:Prohibition Party (US)/meta/color; width: 2px;" \|	[[Prohibition Party (US)\|Template:Prohibition Party (US)/meta/shortname]]	Jackson	979	0.09%
	[[Socialist Party (US)\|Template:Socialist Party (US)/meta/shortname]]	W. F. Rinck	887	0.08%
	Socialist Labor	Baeff	275	0.03%
Majority			61,012	5.62%
Voter turnout			%
	Republican gain from Democratic

Montana

Senator Zales Ecton

1946 United States Senate election in Montana^[2]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Zales Ecton	101,901	53.47%
	Democratic	Leif Erickson	86,476	45.38%
	[[Socialist Party (US)\|Template:Socialist Party (US)/meta/shortname]]	Floyd P. Jones	2,189	1.15%
Majority			15,425	8.09%
Voter turnout			%
	Republican gain from Democratic

Nebraska

1946 United States Senate election in Nebraska^[2]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Hugh Butler (Incumbent)	271,208	70.82%
	Democratic	John E. Mekota	111,751	29.18%
Majority			159,457	41.64%
Voter turnout			%
	Republican hold

Nevada

1946 United States Senate election in Nevada^[2]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	George W. Malone	27,801	55.21%
	Democratic	Berkeley L. Bunker (Incumbent)	22,553	44.79%
Majority			5,248	10.42%
Voter turnout			%
	Republican gain from Democratic

New Jersey

1946 United States Senate election in New Jersey^[2]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Howard Alexander Smith (Incumbent)	799,808	58.50%
	Democratic	George E. Brunner	548,458	40.12%
	Socialist Labor	John C. Butterworth	7,675	0.56%
	Socialist Workers	George Breitman	4,976	0.36%
	[[Socialist Party (US)\|Template:Socialist Party (US)/meta/shortname]]	Arthur Riley	2,226	0.16%
style="background-color: Template:Prohibition Party (US)/meta/color; width: 2px;" \|	[[Prohibition Party (US)\|Template:Prohibition Party (US)/meta/shortname]]	George W. Ridout	1,711	0.13%
	Anti-Medical Trust Federation	Frederick W. Collins	1,676	0.12%
	Independent American	Mark M. Jones	625	0.05%
Majority			251,350	18.38%
Voter turnout			%
	Republican hold

New Mexico

1946 United States Senate election in New Mexico^[2]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Dennis Chávez (Incumbent)	68,650	51.51%
	Republican	Patrick J. Hurley	64,632	48.49%
Majority			4,018	3.02%
Voter turnout			%
	Democratic hold

New York

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The New York state election was held on November 5, 1946.

The Socialist Labor state convention met on April 7 and nominated Eric Hass for the U.S.Senate.^[10] The party filed a petition to nominate candidates under the name "Industrial Government Party."

The Liberal Party gathered 51,015 signatures and filed a petition to nominate candidates with the Secretary of State on September 2.^[11]

The Republican state convention met on September 4 at Saratoga Springs, New York. They nominated Assembly Majority Leader Irving M. Ives.^[12]

The Democratic state convention met on September 4 at Albany, New York, and nominated Ex-Governor Herbert H. Lehman (in office 1933-1942) for the U.S. Senate.^[13]

The American Labor state convention met on September 3 and endorsed Lehman.^[14] Fielding, Chapman and Abt were withdrawn from the ticket on September 5, and Democrats Corning, Young and Epstein substituted on the ticket.^[15]

The Socialist Workers Party filed a petition to nominate candidates headed by Farrell Dobbs for Governor.

The Industrial Government, Socialist and Socialist Workers tickets were not allowed on the ballot because of "defective nominating petitions." The Court of Appeals upheld the decisions of the lower courts.^[16]

The whole Republican ticket was elected in a landslide.

Template:Election box gain no swing

New York general election^[17]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Irving M. Ives	2,559,365	52.58%	5.92%
	Total	Herbert Lehman	2,308,112	47.42%	5.16%
	Democratic	Herbert Lehman	1,688,887	34.70%
	American Labor	Herbert Lehman	435,846	8.95%
	Liberal	Herbert Lehman	183,379	3.77%
Total votes			4,867,477	36.14%

Obs.:

"Blank, void and scattering" votes: 178,694

North Dakota

North Dakota (Special)

Senator Milton Young

Newly-elected Democrat John Moses had died March 3, 1945 and Republican state senator Milton Young was appointed March 12, 1945 to continue the term, pending a special election.

Young was elected June 25, 1946 to finish the term that would end in 1951.

1946 United States Senate special election in North Dakota^[18]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Milton Young (Incumbent)	75,998	55.53
	Democratic	Bill Lanier	37,507	27.41
	Independent	Gerald P. Nye	20,848	15.23
	Independent	E.A. Johansson	2,473	1.81
	Independent	Scattering	26	0.02
Majority			38,491	28.13
Voter turnout			%
	Republican hold

Young would go on to be elected 5 more times, serving until his 1975 retirement.

North Dakota (Regular)

Senator William Langer

First-term Republican William Langer was re-elected to a second term.

1946 United States Senate election in North Dakota^[2]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	William Langer (Incumbent)	88,210	53.34
	Independent	Arthur E. Thompson	38,804	23.46
	Democratic	Abner B. Larson	38,368	23.20
Majority			49,406	29.88
Voter turnout			%
	Republican hold

Langer would be re-elected twice more, serving until his 1959 death.

Ohio

There were 2 elections to the same seat due to the September 30, 1945 resignation of Republican Harold H. Burton.

Democrat James W. Huffman was appointed to continue the term, pending a special election in which Huffman was not a candidate. Huffman was, however, nominated to the regular election,^[19] which he lost.

Ohio (Special)

Senator Kingsley A. Taft

Ohio special election^[2]^[20]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Kingsley A. Taft	1,193,852	56.22%
	Democratic	Henry P. Webber	929,584	43.78%
Majority			264,268	12.44%
Voter turnout			%
	Republican gain from Democratic

Ohio (Regular)

Senator John W. Bricker

Ohio regular election^[2]^[21]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	John W. Bricker	1,275,774	57.02%
	Democratic	James W. Huffman (Incumbent)	947,610	42.36%
	Socialist Labor	William Farkas	13,885	0.62%
Majority			328,164	14.66%
Voter turnout			%
	Republican gain from Democratic

Pennsylvania

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Incumbent Democrat Joseph F. Guffey lost re-election to Republican Edward Martin.

General election results^[2]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Edward Martin	1,853,458	59.26%	+11.90%
	Democratic	Joseph F. Guffey (Incumbent)	1,245,338	39.81%	-11.98%
	Prohibition	Dale H. Learn	17,451	0.56%	+0.28%
	Socialist Labor	Frank Knotek	11,613	0.37%	+0.31%
Majority			608,120	19.45%
Turnout			3,127,860
	Republican gain from Democratic

Rhode Island

1946 United States Senate election in Rhode Island^[2]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	J. Howard McGrath	150,748	55.11%
	Republican	W. Gurnee Dwyer	122,780	44.89%
Majority			27,968	10.22%
Voter turnout			%
	Democratic hold

Tennessee

1946 United States Senate election in Tennessee^[2]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Kenneth D. McKellar (Incumbent)	145,654	66.60%
	Republican	William B. Ladd	57,238	26.17%
	Independent	John Randolph Neal Jr.	11,516	5.27%
	Independent	Herman H. Ross	4,303	1.97%
	None	Scattering	3	0.00%
Majority			88,416	40.43%
Voter turnout			%
	Democratic hold

Texas

1946 United States Senate election in Texas^[2]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Tom Connally (Incumbent)	336,931	88.51%
	Republican	Murray C. Sells	43,750	11.49%
Majority			293,181	77.02%
Voter turnout			%
	Democratic hold

Utah

1946 United States Senate election in Utah^[2]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Arthur Vivian Watkins	101,142	51.24%
	Democratic	Abe Murdock (incumbent)	96,257	48.76%
Majority			4,885	2.48%
Voter turnout			%
	Republican gain from Democratic

Vermont

Incumbent Republican Ralph Flanders successfully ran for re-election to a full term in the United States Senate, defeating Democratic candidate Charles P. McDevitt.

1946 United States Senate election in Vermont^[22]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Ralph Flanders (inc.)	54,729	74.62%
	Democratic	Charles P. McDevitt	18,594	25.35%
	None	Scattering	17	0.02%
Majority			36,135	49.27%
Total votes			73,340	'
	Republican hold

Virginia

Virginia (Regular)

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Incumbent Harry F. Byrd Sr. was re-elected to a third term after defeating Republican Lester S. Parsons.

1946 United States Senate election in Virginia^[2]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Harry F. Byrd Sr. (Incumbent)	163,960	64.84%	-28.48%
	Republican	Lester S. Parsons	77,005	30.45%	+30.45%
	Independent	Howard Carwile	5,189	2.05%
	Communist	Alice Burke	3,318	1.31%	-1.50%
	Prohibition	Thomas E. Boorde	1,764	0.70%	+0.70%
	Socialist	Clarke T. Robb	1,592	0.63%	+0.63%
	Write-ins		35	0.01%	-0.06%
Majority			86,955	34.39%	-55.14%
Turnout			252,863
	Democratic hold

Virginia (Special)

Senator Absalom Willis Robertson

Appointed Democrat Thomas G. Burch retired after filling the vacancy caused by the May 28, 1946 death of Democrat Carter Glass. Democrat Absalom Willis Robertson defeated Republican Robert H. Woods and was elected to finish Glass's term.

1946 United States Senate special election in Virginia^[2]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Absalom Willis Robertson	169,680	68.15%	-22.93%
	Republican	Robert H. Woods	72,253	29.02%	+29.02%
	Socialist	Lawrence S. Wilkes	7,024	2.82%	-3.71%
	Write-ins		5	<0.01%
Majority			97,427	39.13%	-45.42%
Turnout			248,962
	Democratic hold

Washington

1946 United States Senate election in Washington^[2]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Harry P. Cain	358,847	54.34%
	Democratic	Hugh B. Mitchell (Incumbent)	298,683	45.23%
	Socialist Labor	Harry Morton	2,297	0.35%
	Socialist Workers	Charles R. Swett	515	0.08%
Majority			60,164	9.11%
Voter turnout			%
	Republican gain from Democratic

West Virginia

1946 United States Senate election in West Virginia^[2]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Harley M. Kilgore (Incumbent)	273,151	50.33%
	Republican	Thomas Sweeney	269,617	49.67%
Majority			3,534	0.66%
Voter turnout			%
	Democratic hold

Wisconsin

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Three-term Republican Robert La Follette Jr. lost renomination to Joseph McCarthy, who then won the general election.

Wisconsin Republican primary^[23]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Joseph McCarthy	207,935	47.25%
	Republican	Robert M. La Follette Jr. (Incumbent)	202,557	46.03%
	Republican	Perry J. Stearns	29,605	6.73%
Voter turnout			%

1946 United States Senate election in Wisconsin^[2]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Joseph McCarthy	620,430	61.15%
	Democratic	Howard J. McMurray	378,772	37.33%
	[[Socialist Party (US)\|Template:Socialist Party (US)/meta/shortname]]	Edwin Knappe	11,750	1.16%
style="background-color: Template:Independent Socialist Labor/meta/color; width: 2px;" \|	[[Independent Socialist Labor\|Template:Independent Socialist Labor/meta/shortname]]	Georgia Cozzini	1,552	0.15%
	None	Scattering	2,090	0.21%
Majority			241,658	23.82%
Voter turnout			%
	Republican hold

Wyoming

1946 United States Senate election in Wyoming^[2]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Joseph C. O'Mahoney (Incumbent)	45,843	56.21%
	Republican	Harry B. Henderson	35,714	43.79%
Majority			10,129	12.42%
Voter turnout			%
	Democratic hold

Notes

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References

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↑ Leuchtenburg, William E. (November 2006). "New Faces of 1946: An unpopular president. A war-weary people. In the midterm elections of 60 years ago, voters took aim at incumbents". Smithsonian (magazine). Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. p. 2 of 5. Retrieved May 12, 2009. "On October 14, scarcely more than three weeks before midterm elections, Truman bit the bullet. Even when his approval rating dropped to 32 percent, he had told reporters that controls were indispensable. On this night, however, speaking to the largest radio audience since the end of the war, Truman lashed out at "the few men in Congress who, in the service of selfish interests, have been determined for some time to wreck price controls no matter what the cost might be to our people." Then he stunned the nation by announcing that he was lifting controls on meat. With the lid off, prices skyrocketed. The New York Daily News headlined: PRICES SOAR, BUYERS SORE/STEERS JUMP OVER THE MOON. Brickbats flew at the president. "Brother," said Ohio's Clarence J. Brown, chair of the Republican Congressional Committee, "the tide is sweepin' our way.""
↑ ^2.00 ^2.01 ^2.02 ^2.03 ^2.04 ^2.05 ^2.06 ^2.07 ^2.08 ^2.09 ^2.10 ^2.11 ^2.12 ^2.13 ^2.14 ^2.15 ^2.16 ^2.17 ^2.18 ^2.19 ^2.20 ^2.21 ^2.22 ^2.23 ^2.24 ^2.25 ^2.26 ^2.27 ^2.28 ^2.29 ^2.30 ^2.31 ^2.32 ^2.33 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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[1] Leuchtenburg, William E. (November 2006). "New Faces of 1946: An unpopular president. A war-weary people. In the midterm elections of 60 years ago, voters took aim at incumbents". Smithsonian (magazine). Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. p. 2 of 5. Retrieved May 12, 2009. "On October 14, scarcely more than three weeks before midterm elections, Truman bit the bullet. Even when his approval rating dropped to 32 percent, he had told reporters that controls were indispensable. On this night, however, speaking to the largest radio audience since the end of the war, Truman lashed out at "the few men in Congress who, in the service of selfish interests, have been determined for some time to wreck price controls no matter what the cost might be to our people." Then he stunned the nation by announcing that he was lifting controls on meat. With the lid off, prices skyrocketed. The New York Daily News headlined: PRICES SOAR, BUYERS SORE/STEERS JUMP OVER THE MOON. Brickbats flew at the president. "Brother," said Ohio's Clarence J. Brown, chair of the Republican Congressional Committee, "the tide is sweepin' our way.""

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v t e (1944 ←) 1946 United States elections (→ 1948)
U.S. Senate	Alabama (special) Arizona California California (special) Connecticut Connecticut (special) Delaware Florida Idaho (special) Indiana Kentucky (special) Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Jersey New Mexico New York North Dakota North Dakota (special) Ohio Ohio (special) Pennsylvania Rhode Island Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Virginia (special) Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming
U.S. House	Alabama Arkansas Arizona California 12th Colorado Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming
State governors	Alabama Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Georgia Idaho Iowa Kansas Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Lt. Gov Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Vermont Wisconsin Wyoming
State legislatures	Iowa Senate
Mayors	New Orleans

1946 United States Senate elections

Contents

Republican wave

Results summary

Gains and losses

Change in composition

Before the elections

Election results

Race summaries

Special elections during the 79th Congress

Races leading to the 80th Congress

Alabama (Special)

Arizona

California

California (Special)

California (Regular)

Connecticut

Connecticut (Regular)

Connecticut (Special)

Delaware

Florida

Idaho (Special)

Indiana

Kentucky (Special)

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri

Montana

Nebraska

Nevada

New Jersey

New Mexico

New York

North Dakota

North Dakota (Special)

North Dakota (Regular)

Ohio

Ohio (Special)

Ohio (Regular)

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

Tennessee

Texas

Utah

Vermont

Virginia

Virginia (Regular)

Virginia (Special)

Washington

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Wyoming

See also

Notes

References

Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core