2020 Romanian legislative election

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2020 Romanian legislative election
Romania
← 2016 6 December 2020 Next →
Turnout 31.94% (Decrease 6.20pp)
Party Leader % Seats ±
PSD 29.32 47
PNL 25.58 41
2020 USR-PLUS Alliance 15.86 25
Alliance for the Union of Romanians 9.17 14
Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania 5.89 9
PSD 28.90 110
PNL 25.18 93
2020 USR-PLUS Alliance 15.37 55
Alliance for the Union of Romanians 9.08 33
Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania 5.74 21
Romanian ethnic minority parties 1.72 18
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
170px170px
The results for the Senate and for the Chamber of Deputies
Prime Minister before Prime Minister after
Ludovic Orban Ludovic Orban
PNL		 Florin Cîțu
PNL		 Florin Cîțu

Legislative elections were held in Romania on 6 December 2020 to elect the 136 members of the Senate and the 330 constituent members of the Chamber of Deputies.

While the Social Democratic Party (PSD) remained the largest political party in the Parliament, its vote share dropped considerably, more specifically by a third. Following the elections, a center-right coalition government was formed by the National Liberal Party (PNL), USR PLUS, and the Democratic Alliance of Hungarians (UDMR) (i.e. the current Cîțu Cabinet) with Florin Cîțu as Prime Minister.

The final voter turnout was approximately 32%, the lowest since the end of the Communist era in Romania, partially due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Electoral system

The 136 members of the Senate are also elected using party-list proportional representation, but from 43 constituencies based on the 41 counties (a total of 121 seats), Bucharest (13 seats) and one for Romanians living overseas (two seats).[1]

The 330 members of the Chamber of Deputies are elected by several methods: 308 are elected from 42 multi-member constituencies based on counties and Bucharest, using proportional representation, four are elected using proportional representation from a constituency representing Romanians living abroad. Parties must pass a threshold of 5% of the national vote or at least 20% of the vote in four constituencies. Further seats (currently 18) can be added for ethnic minority groups that compete in the elections and pass a special (lower) threshold (calculated as 10% of the votes needed to obtain one of the regular 312 seats).[2]

Government

The previous election saw the Social Democratic Party (PSD) led by Liviu Dragnea emerge as the largest party in parliament, although they fell short of an absolute majority. The PSD formed a coalition agreement with the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats, forming the Grindeanu Cabinet in January 2017. However, the new government did not last long and was replaced by the Tudose Cabinet in June 2017, which was also short-lived. Ultimately, the Dăncilă Cabinet took office in January 2018. It was dismissed by a motion of no confidence in October 2019, and replaced by a National Liberal Party minority government under Ludovic Orban in November 2019. The Orban Cabinet was dismissed by a motion of no confidence on the 5 February 2020, but took office again on 14 March 2020.

Period before the political campaign

The government decided parliamentary elections would be held on 6 December 2020.[3][4] On 30 September 2020, the president of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats (ALDE), Călin Popescu-Tăriceanu, proposed on Facebook that the elections be postponed to March 2021.[5] On 2 October 2020, former Save Romania Union (USR) deputy Adrian Dohotaru submitted a bill to the Senate, proposing the parliamentary elections be held on 14 March 2021, which received support from the Social Democratic Party (PSD).[6] On 7 October 2020, the first vice-president of the PSD, Sorin Grindeanu, claimed that the government's plan would lead to a surge in COVID-19 cases.[7] On 8 October, Călin Popescu-Tăriceanu and Victor Ponta announced in a press conference that their parties will run in the elections on a shared list under a single name: Social-Liberal PRO Romania (Romanian: PRO România Social-Liberal).[8][9]

PSD President Marcel Ciolacu announced on 15 October that the World Health Organization's representative in Romania, Alexandru Rafila, was one of the party's candidates for the parliamentary elections. He will be top of the list of deputies for the Bucharest circumscription, while Gabriela Firea will lead the list of senators.[10]

Parties

The following table presents the composition of the Parliament of Romania during the 2016–2020 legislative term.

Party Abbr. Founded Leader Ideology 2016 result Seats at
dissolution		 Government support Ref
Votes (%) Seats Grindeanu (2017)
Tudose (2017–18)
Dăncilă (2018–19)		 Orban I (2019–20)
Orban II (2020)
Social Democratic Party
Partidul Social Democrat		 PSD 2001 Marcel Ciolacu Social democracy
Social conservatism
Left-wing nationalism		 45.48% D
45.68% S

Coalition government Opposition [11][12][13]
National Liberal Party
Partidul Național Liberal		 PNL 1990
(1875)		 Ludovic Orban Conservative liberalism
Liberal conservatism
Pro-Europeanism		 20.04% D
20.42% S

Opposition Minority government [14][15]
bgcolor=Template:Save Romania Union/meta/color| Save Romania Union
Uniunea Salvați România		 USR 2015 Dan Barna Anti-corruption
Liberalism
Economic liberalism		 8.87% D
8.92% S

Opposition Supporting government [16][17]
bgcolor=Template:Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania/meta/color| Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania
Romániai Magyar Demokrata Szövetség
Uniunea Democrată Maghiară din România		 UDMR 1989 Hunor Kelemen Hungarian minority interests
Liberal conservatism
Christian democracy		 6.19% D
6.24% S

Supporting PSD–ALDE government (until August 2019) Opposition (since February 2020) [18][19]
People's Movement Party
Partidul Mișcarea Populară		 PMP 2014 Eugen Tomac Liberal conservatism
Christian democracy
Economic liberalism		 5.35% D
5.65% S

Opposition Supporting government [20][21]
Social-Liberal PRO Romania
PRO România Social-Liberal		 PRO 2018 Victor Ponta Social liberalism
Pro-Europeanism		 Did not exist
Opposition
(formed February 2018)		 Opposition [22][23][24][25]
bgcolor=Template:Alliance of Liberals and Democrats (Romania)/meta/color| Alliance of Liberals and Democrats
Alianța Liberalilor și Democraților		 ALDE 2015 Daniel Constantin Liberalism
Conservative liberalism
Soft Euroscepticism		 5.62% C
6.01% S
Merged with PRO Romania Government
minority partner
until August 2019		 N/A
Humanist Power Party
Partidul Puterii Umaniste		 PPU (SL) 2015 Daniel Ionașcu Humanism
Social liberalism		 0.04% D
0.04% S

N/A Opposition [26]
Ethnic minority parties – – – 1.34% D
0.01% S

Neutral
(Mostly supporting government)		 [27]
Non-inscrits – – – –
N/A Neutral [28]

Opinion polls

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For the events during these years, see 2017 in Romania, 2018 in Romania, 2019 in Romania, and 2020 in Romania.

Graphical summary

The chart below shows opinion polls conducted for the next Romanian legislative election. The trend lines represent local regressions (LOESS).

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Party vote

Date Poll source Sample size PSD PNL USR PLUS UDMR PRO ALDE PMP AUR Others Lead
style="background:Template:Save Romania Union/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Alliance of Liberals and Democrats (Romania)/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Alliance for the Union of Romanians/meta/color;"|
6 December 2020 2020 legislative elections 28.9
111		 25.2
93		 15.4
55		 5.7
21		 4.1
0		 4.8
0		 9.1
33		 6.8
18[lower-alpha 1]		 3.7
6 Dec 2020 PNL N/A 27.0 30.0 23.0 5.5 4.2 3.0 6.5 – 3.0
3 Dec 2020 Politico N/A 28 31 16 4 7 3 – – 3
2–3 Dec 2020 IRES 1,067 35 32 16 3 7 3 3 1 3
1 Dec 2020 PMP N/A 31 28 21 6 5 6 2 1 3
30 Nov 2020 PRO N/A 22.0 31.0 17.0 5.0 7.8 3.0 – 14.2 9.0
28–29 Nov 2020 Sociopol 1,033 28 29 13 6 6 3 7 8 1
22–28 Nov 2020 IRSOP 1,004 30 33 17 5 7 3 – 5 3
6–27 Nov 2020 IMAS 1,010 23.6 28.5 18.0 4.7 9.5 3.3 4.6 – 7.8 4.9
20–25 Nov 2020 Verifield 1,100 22.0 31.3 17.0 5.4 9.3 4.8 – 10.2 9.3
1–10 Nov 2020 CURS 1,067 29 32 16 5 6 7 – – 3
9 Nov 2020 PNL N/A 27.0 32.0 21.0 6.0 5.0 6.0 – 3.0 5.0
25–30 Oct 2020 BCS 1,482 28.6 32.2 17.6 4.8 5.2 7.4 – 4.2 3.6
7–28 Oct 2020 IMAS 1,010 21.7 32.6 20.4 5.1 8.9 2.5 4.8 – 4.3 10.9
9–17 Oct 2020 USR–PLUS N/A 23 30 23 5 8 5 – 6 7
8–11 Oct 2020 CURS 800 31 32 12 5 6 3 6 – 5 1
8 October 2020 ALDE and PRO Romania merge into PRO Romania Social Liberal[8][29]
27 September 2020 Local elections
7–23 Sep 2020 IMAS 1,010 19.6 34.7 17 5.3 9.5 3.0 4.5 – 6.4 15.1
6–26 Aug 2020 IMAS 1,010 20.8 33.6 18.3 5.7 10.6 2.4 4.1 – 4.6 12.8
15 August 2020 USR and PLUS merge[30]
29 Jul–5 Aug 2020 CURS 1,100 28 31 14 4 7 5 5 – 6 3
10–29 Jul 2020 IMAS 1,010 23.4 33.4 17.2 5.6 9.7 3.4 3.9 – 3.4 10
19–30 Jun 2020 CURS 1,100 28 32 16 5 7 5 5 – 2 4
5–27 Jun 2020 IMAS 1,010 21.9 33.0 12.3 5.8 3.4 11.2 3.7 4.7 – 4.0 11.1
8–27 May 2020 IMAS 1,010 23.0 32.6 11.6 5.1 5.1 11.2 4.2 3.7 – 3.1 9.6
15–26 May 2020 Avangarde 1,000 29 35 13 5 6 4 4 – 4 6
21 May 2020 PSD N/A 27 35 16 2 4 8 4 4 – – 8
15–20 May 2020 INSCOP 1,132 25.8 38.5 10.2 6.0 9.4 3.6 3.5 – 2.9 12.7
1–7 May 2020 BCS 1,545 22.5 33.0 22.0 5.3 5.1 1.4 6.5 – 4.3 10.5
6–24 Apr 2020 IMAS 1,010 24.8 33.0 10.8 5.1 5.5 8.2 4.4 3.4 – 4.8 8.2
1–15 Apr 2020 BCS 1,008 22.9 31.3 19.9 3.6 8.8 2.5 6.7 – 4.2 8.4
5–26 Mar 2020 IMAS N/A 23.9 36.7 12.5 6.5 4.5 5.8 3.5 3.5 – 3.0 12.8
11–28 Feb 2020 IMAS 1,010 25.8 40.7 10.0 3.5 4.4 4.6 4.3 3.6 – 3.1 14.9
13–31 Jan 2020 IMAS 1,007 20.6 47.4 12.4 3.4 4.7 3.8 3.2 1.8 – 2.7 26.8
20–30 Jan 2020 CURS 1,229 26 37 14 5 6 4 4 – 1 11
13–18 Dec 2019 Sociopol 1,000 23 47 13 4 5 2 3 – 3 24
4–18 Dec 2019 IMAS 1,011 18.5 45.0 11.5 3.5 5.0 6.4 3.5 3.0 – 4.6 26.5
12–17 Dec 2019 CURS 1,067 31 35 14 4 6 4 5 – 1 4
11–27 Nov 2019 IMAS 1,011 21.3 39.0 12.6 5.6 4.2 6.4 3.3 2.9 – 4.7 17.7
24 November 2019 Iohannis re-elected President of Romania with 66.09% of the vote
25 Oct–3 Nov 2019 USR 1,225 24.0 38.2 20.0 4.5 4.8 – 4.3 – 4.2 14.2
8–28 Oct 2019 IMAS 1,010 21.2 29.6 16.4 5.6 5.5 10.7 4.3 3.4 – 4.4 8.4
15–23 Oct 2019 USR N/A 24.9 36.8 19.9 4.0 6.5 – 4.0 – 3.9 11.9
12–19 Oct 2019 BCS 1,117 23.8 36.3 16.8 5.7 5.6 3.3 5.6 – 2.9 12.5
10 October 2019 Dăncilă ousted as Prime Minister following a vote of no confidence from the opposition parties in the Parliament.
9–28 Sep 2019 IMAS 1,010 19.5 27.7 17.9 5.2 5.3 9.1 6.2 3.3 – 5.3 8.2
3–24 Sep 2019 USR 1,500 25.3 36.8 21.2 2.9 5.6 – 3.2 – 5.2 11.5
16–20 Sep 2019 Socio-Data 1,070 25 28 22 5 9 4 5 – 2 3
9–13 Sep 2019 Socio-Data 1,070 26 32 22 4 6 5 3 – 2 6
2–6 Sep 2019 Socio-Data 1,070 24 32 21 4 9 3 5 – 2 8
26–30 Aug 2019 Socio-Data 1,070 22 26 24 4 10 6 5 – 3 2
19–31 Aug 2019 Sociopol 1,001 20 35 16 3 11 5 5 – 5 15
26–30 Aug 2019 Verifield 1,000 25 28 23 4 8 6 2 – 4 3
5–28 Aug 2019 IMAS 1,010 17.9 28.4 19.8 5.5 4.6 8.7 7.4 2.9 – 4.8 8.6
19 Jul–5 Aug 2019 CURS 1,600 24 31 20 4 7 8 5 – 1 7
15 Jul–2 Aug 2019 IMAS 1,010 19.4 25.5 21.4 6.0 4.2 9.0 7.3 2.9 – 4.2 4.1
17–23 Jul 2019 BCS 1,128 25.4 34.2 18.6 4.6 4.8 5.7 5.5 – 1.1 8.8
28 Jun–8 Jul 2019 CURS 1,067 26 29 22 4 8 5 4 – 2 3
7–26 Jun 2019 IMAS 1,010 18.9 27.5 17.6 7.6 2.5 9.8 8.5 3.7 – 3.8 8.6
27 May 2019 PSD Leader Liviu Dragnea jailed for 3 years and a half
26 May 2019 European elections 22.5 27.0 22.4 5.3 6.4 4.1 5.8 – 6.5 4.5
2–20 May 2019 IMAS 1,010 21.4 29.3 14.4 6.3 3.3 8.0 10.2 5.5 – 1.7 7.9
5–28 Apr 2019 CURS 1,500 32 25 12 5 9 10 5 – 2 7
12–25 Mar 2019 CURS 1,067 31 23 13 5 8 10 6 – 4 8
1–21 Feb 2019 IMAS 1,010 23.4 23.6 10.5 8.0 5.0 11.1 12.4 3.5 – 2.5 0.2
21 Jan–6 Feb 2019 CURS 1,067 31 21 9 4 5 8 10 5 – 7 10
28 Jan–4 Feb 2019 Sociopol 1,003 33 20 9 6 4 8 11 2 – 7 13
11–30 Jan 2019 IMAS 1,011 25.3 22.1 11.0 8.9 4.4 8.1 13.4 3.8 – 3.2 3.2
12–20 Jan 2019 BCS N/A 23.0 23.7 6.5 8.1 4.8 10.7 8.1 9.3 – 5.8 0.7
Jan 2019 PNL 26,000 30.2 27.0 10.2 5.0 5.0 5.5 11.6 4.2 – 1.3 3.2
4–20 Dec 2018 IMAS 1,010 25.2 26.1 11.5 8.1 4.6 6.2 9.6 2.5 – 6.2 0.9
24 Nov–9 Dec 2018 CURS 1,067 33 20 7 5 6 9 9 5 – 6 13
Nov 2018 IMAS 1,010 24.9 23.3 14.8 8.2 5.8 – 11.7 2.1 – 9.2 1.6
Oct 2018 IMAS N/A 27.6 21.9 13.1 9.6 4.7 – 10.6 4.1 – 8.4 5.7
6–7 Oct 2018 Constitutional referendum fails due to insufficient turnout
3–4 Oct 2018 Sociopol 873 38 23 6 5 4 5 10 1 – 8 15
20 Sep–1 Oct 2018 CURS 1,067 37 22 8 5 5 6 9 5 – 3 15
Sep 2018 IMAS N/A 28.1 27.1 9.5 10.1 5.6 – 11.4 2.7 – 5.5 1.0
22–27 Sep 2018 Sociopol 1,004 34 20 10 4 4 7 11 2 – 8 16
7–20 Aug 2018 Sociopol 1,005 35 19 13 4 4 3 10 3 – 5 16
Jul 2018 IRI N/A 26 24 7 5 1 – 6 3 – 28 2
Jun 2018 IMAS 1,200 28.4 29.2 11.3 8.0 5.0 – 8.6 2.8 – 6.7 0.8
23 Jun–1 Jul 2018 CURS 1,067 37 24 7 5 5 5 8 4 – 4 13
22–26 Jun 2018 Sociopol 917 41 20 7 7 4 5 12 1 – 3 21
28 May–8 Jun 2018 Sociopol 1,003 40 18 9 8 5 3 7 1 – 9 22
27 Apr–8 May 2018 CURS 1,067 39 25 6 3 6 3 8 5 – 5 14
Mar 2018 CURS N/A 39 27 7 – – – 12 5 – 10 12
27 Feb–5 Mar 2018 Sociopol 1,000 34 33 12 – 6 – 5 5 – 5 1
20 February 2018 PRO Romania is founded, as a split-off from PSD.
Feb 2018 IMAS 1,010 28.6 29.4 11.2 – 6.0 – 10.6 4.6 – 9.6 0.8
29 January 2018 The Dăncilă Cabinet takes office, with the supply and confidence vote on behalf of the UDMR and other MPs from national minorities.
16 January 2018 Prime minister Tudose resigns, followed by other ministers.
3–10 Jan 2018 CURS 1,068 42 27 5 2 6 2 9 5 – 6 15
24 Nov–7 Dec 2017 Avangarde 700 46 23 5 – 5 – 13 4 – 4 23
Nov 2017 CURS 1,067 43 27 5 – 6 – 9 6 – 4 16
Sep 2017 IMAS 1,000 38.8 30.9 6.8 – 5.0 – 8.1 3.0 – 7.4 7.9
22 Sep–5 Oct 2017 Sociopol N/A 61 24 2 – 3 – 4 3 – 3 37
28 Aug–14 Sep 2017 Sociopol 1,005 51 27 7 – 4 – 6 3 – 2 24
11–23 Aug 2017 Avangarde 710 46 25 6 – 5 – 7 4 – 7 21
14–29 Jun 2017 Ministers resign. A motion of no-confidence is passed against the Grindeanu cabinet with PSD support. The Tudose Cabinet is afterwards sworn in.
15–22 Jun 2017 Avangarde 781 46 30 9 – 3 – 6 5 – 1 16
Apr 2017 IMAS N/A 40.6 25.4 8.2 – – – 8.5 – – – 15.2
6–14 Mar 2017 Sociopol 1,007 47 21 12 – 5 – 6 3 – 6 26
18 Jan–5 Mar 2017 Street protests force the government to withdraw some of its proposed policies
Jan 2017 IMAS N/A 49.0 20.7 8.3 – – – 6.8 – – – 28.3
4 January 2017 The Grindeanu Cabinet (PSD–ALDE coalition) assumes office
11 December 2016 2016 elections 45.5
154		 20.0
69		 8.9
30		 – 6.2
21		 – 5.6
20		 5.4
18		 – 6.3
17[lower-alpha 1]		 25.5

Incidents

An 80-year-old man from Teiu, Argeș fell into cardiac arrest and died outside a polling station on election day. He was known to have heart problems.[31][32]

Two polling stations from Sector 3 of Bucharest had their voting suspended: for about an hour at polling station 551, after a member of the electoral bureau tested positive for COVID-19; and for two and a half hours at station 643, after the death of a voter.[33]

Results

Exit polls

Four institutions were by accredited the Central Electoral Bureau (Romanian: Biroul Electoral Central) to conduct exit polls at a national level: AVANGARDE, CURS, Megatronic World Productions and Ana Events & PR.[34]

CURS-AVANGARDE made an exit-poll for Romanian news station Antena 3, that was presented at 21:00 EET. The data from the exit poll was for the votes registered until 19:30 EET.[35][36]

Date Poll source PSD PNL USR PLUS UDMR AUR PRO-SL PMP Others Lead
style="background:Template:Save Romania Union/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Alliance for the Union of Romanians/meta/color;"|
6 December 2020 INSOMAR IC 28.2% 32.8% 15.6% 5.8% 3.0% 4.5% 6.0% 4.1% 4.6%

Senate

Date Poll source PSD PNL USR PLUS UDMR AUR PRO-SL PMP Others Lead
style="background:Template:Save Romania Union/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Alliance for the Union of Romanians/meta/color;"|
6 December 2020, 19:30 CURS-Avangarde 30.6% 29.1% 16.4% 5.7% 5.3% 5% 5% 2.9% 1.5%
6 December 2020 Sociopol 28.3% 28.3% 16.8% 6.4% 5.9% 6.3% 4.6% 3.4% 0%

Chamber of Deputies

Date Poll source PSD PNL USR PLUS UDMR AUR PRO-SL PMP Others Lead
style="background:Template:Save Romania Union/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Alliance for the Union of Romanians/meta/color;"|
6 December 2020, 19:30 CURS-Avangarde 30.5% 29% 15.9% 5.7% 5.2% 5% 5% 3.7% 1.5%
6 December 2020 Sociopol 28.0% 28.0% 16.3% 6.2% 5.8% 5.7% 4.3% 5.7% 0%

Official count

Participation was 33.30% and 5.9 million valid votes were cast.[37] After counting all votes, but before the settlement of any appeals, PSD has won around 29.5% of the votes, PNL around 25.5%, USR PLUS around 15.5%, AUR around 9%, and UDMR around 6%. The high result of the quasi-unknown party AUR was considered a huge surprise, while PMP and PRO Romania both failed to get 5% of the votes required to win any seats.[38]

Senate

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Popular vote
PSD
  
 29.32%
PNL
  
 25.58%
USR PLUS
  
 15.86%
AUR
  
 9.17%
UDMR
  
 5.89%
PMP
  
 4.93%
PRO
  
 4.13%
Others
  
 5.12%
Seats summary
PSD
  
 34.56%
PNL
  
 30.15%
USR PLUS
  
 18.38%
AUR
  
 10.29%
UDMR
  
 6.62%

Chamber of Deputies

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Popular vote
PSD
  
 28.90%
PNL
  
 25.19%
USR PLUS
  
 15.37%
AUR
  
 9.08%
UDMR
  
 5.74%
PMP
  
 4.82%
PRO
  
 4.09%
Others
  
 6.81%
Seats summary
PSD
  
 33.33%
PNL
  
 28.18%
USR PLUS
  
 16.67%
AUR
  
 10.00%
UDMR
  
 6.36%
Minorities
  
 5.45%
  • Harta parlamentare SENAT 2020.png

    Map highlighting the results for the Senate

  • Harta parlamentare 2020.png

    Map highlighting the results for the Chamber of Deputies

Aftermath

On 18 December, the National Liberal Party (PNL), the USR PLUS, and the Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR) announced that they had reached a coalition agreement, and proposed finance minister Florin Cîțu as prime minister. The government would have two deputy prime ministers (one from USR PLUS and one from UDMR) and 18 ministries, with 9 allocated for the PNL, 6 for USR PLUS, and 3 for UDMR. The allocations are as follows (with newly created ministries italicized):[39]

  • PNL: Foreign Affairs Ministry, Defense Ministry, Finance Ministry, Interior Ministry, Education Ministry, Energy Ministry, Agriculture Ministry, Labor Ministry, and Culture Ministry
  • USR PLUS: Justice Ministry, Transport Ministry, Health Ministry, Ministry of Research, Innovation and Digitization, and the Ministry of Economy, Entrepreneurship and Tourism
  • UDMR: Ministry of Development, Public Works and Administration, the Ministry of Environment, Waters and Forests, and the Ministry of Youth and Sports

Cîțu was officially appointed as Prime Minister-designate on 22 December by President Klaus Iohannis. On 23 December, the Cabinet was invested by the parliament and took oath of office on the same evening.

The Romanian Electoral Authority stated that the campaign financing publicly subsidies amounted to a grand total of 166,850,315.50 Romanian Lei. The parties/candidates were required to achieve at least 3% of the vote to apply for a public subsidy of their campaign expenditures.[40]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 MPs from the Romanian ethnic minority parties.

References

  1. ↑ Electoral system IPU
  2. ↑ Electoral system IPU
  3. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ Article 1, HOTĂRÂRE nr. 744 din 3 septembrie 2020 privind stabilirea datei alegerilor pentru Senat și Camera Deputaților din anul 2020, 3 September 2020 (in Română)
  5. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  26. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  27. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  28. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  29. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  30. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  31. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  32. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  33. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  34. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  35. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  36. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  37. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  38. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  39. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  40. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

External links

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