ABCA12

ATP-binding cassette, sub-family A (ABC1), member 12
Identifiers
Symbols	ABCA12 ; ARCI4A; ARCI4B; ICR2B; LI2
External IDs	OMIM: 607800 MGI: 2676312 HomoloGene: 45441 IUPHAR: 766 GeneCards: ABCA12 Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • receptor binding • lipid transporter activity • protein binding • ATP binding • phospholipid transporter activity • cholesterol transporter activity • lipid-transporting ATPase activity • apolipoprotein A-I receptor binding • ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances Cellular component • cytoplasm • mitochondrial inner membrane • cytosol • plasma membrane • integral component of plasma membrane • integral component of membrane • epidermal lamellar body Biological process • lipid transport • metabolic process • positive regulation of cholesterol efflux • cellular homeostasis • keratinization • secretion by cell • cholesterol efflux • phospholipid efflux • ceramide transport • surfactant homeostasis • regulated secretory pathway • lung alveolus development • transmembrane transport • lipid homeostasis • establishment of skin barrier • protein localization to plasma membrane • positive regulation of protein localization to cell surface Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	26154	74591
Ensembl	ENSG00000144452	ENSMUSG00000050296
UniProt	Q86UK0	E9Q876
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_015657	NM_175210
RefSeq (protein)	NP_056472	NP_780419
Location (UCSC)	Chr 2: 214.93 – 215.14 Mb	Chr 1: 71.24 – 71.41 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

ATP-binding cassette sub-family A member 12 also known as ATP-binding cassette transporter 12 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ABCA12 gene.

ABCA12 belongs to a group of genes called the ATP-binding cassette family, which makes proteins that transport molecules across cell membranes. The ABCA12 gene is active in some types of skin cells and in several other tissues, such as testis, placenta, lung, stomach, and fetal brain and liver. This protein appears to be essential for normal development of the skin, which provides a barrier between the body and its surrounding environment. It transports epidermoside, a glucosylceramide, out of the keratinocytes of the stratum corneum of the epidermis.

The ABCA12 gene is located on the long (q) arm of chromosome 2 between positions 34 and 35, from base pair 215,621,772 to base pair 215,828,656.

Related conditions

Several mutations in the ABCA12 gene are known to cause harlequin-type ichthyosis. Most of these mutations are predicted to lead to an absence of ABCA12 protein or the production of an extremely small version of the protein that cannot transport lipids properly. A loss of functional ABCA12 protein causes numerous problems with the development of the epidermis before and after birth. Abnormalities in lipid transport prevent the skin from forming an effective barrier and result in the hard, thick scales characteristic of harlequin ichthyosis.

Mutations in the ABCA12 gene also cause another severe skin disorder, lamellar ichthyosis type 2. People with this disorder have red, scaly, plate-like skin covering most of their bodies. The ABCA12 mutations that cause this disorder substitute one amino acid (a building block of proteins) for another amino acid in the ABCA12 protein. These mutations almost always occur in an important functional region of the protein (the region that binds to ATP, a molecule that supplies energy for chemical reactions). Changes in the structure of the ABCA12 protein likely disrupt its ability to transport lipids, which affects the development of skin before and after birth.

Further reading

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External links

• GeneCard
• ABCA12 protein, human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
• ABCA12 human gene location in the UCSC Genome Browser.
• ABCA12 human gene details in the UCSC Genome Browser.