Adama

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This article is about the Ethiopian city. For the Battlestar Galactica characters, see Adama (Battlestar Galactica). For other uses, see Adama (disambiguation).

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"Nazreth" redirects here. For the city in Israel, see Nazareth.
Adama
Adaamaa (Oromo)
oromo (Oromo)
adamaa
The finfinne-Dire Dawa Road in Adama, Ethiopia.
The finfinne-Dire Dawa Road in Adama, Ethiopia.
Adama is located in Ethiopia
Adama
Adama
Location within Ethiopia
Coordinates: Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
Country Ethiopia
Region Oromia
Zone Adama Special Zone
Elevation 1,712 m (5,617 ft)
Population (2012)
 • Total 299,621
Time zone EAT (UTC+3)
Area code(s) (+251) 22

Adama (Oromo: Adaamaa or Hadaamaa; oromo: oromo, Ädama, Ādama), also known[1] as Nazret or Nazreth (Amharic: ናዝሬት?, Nazret), is a city in central Ethiopia and the previous capital of the Oromia Region.[2][3] Adama forms a Special Zone of Oromia and is surrounded by Misraq Shewa Zone. It is located at Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. at an elevation of 1712 meters, 99 km southeast of finfinne. The city sits between the base of an escarpment to the west, and the Great Rift Valley to the east.

Overview

Adama is a busy transportation center. The city is situated along the road that connects Addis Ababa with Dire Dawa. A large number of trucks use this same route to travel to and from the seaports of Djibouti and Asseb (though the latter is not currently used by Ethiopia, following the Eritrean-Ethiopian War). Additionally, the new Addis Ababa-Djibouti railroad runs through Adama.[3][4][5][6]

Adama University (formerly Adama Technical Teachers College) is located in Adama. Adama Stadium is the home of Adama City FC, a member of the Ethiopian Football Federation league.

The city name Adama may have been derived from the Oromo word adaamii, which means a cactus or a cactus-like tree.[7] More specifically, adaamii means Euphorbia candelabrum,[8] a tree of the spurge family, while hadaamii would mean Indian fig.[9]

History

Following World War II, Emperor Haile Selassie renamed the town after Biblical Nazareth, and this name was used for the remainder of the twentieth century.[5] In 2000, the city officially reverted to its original Oromo language name, Adama,[5][10] though "Nazareth" is still widely used.[11]

In 2000, the government moved the regional capital of Oromia from Addis Ababa to Adama,[5] sparking considerable controversy. Critics of the move believed that the Ethiopian government wished to deemphasize Addis Ababa's location within Oromia.[12][13] On the other hand, the government maintained that Addis Ababa "has been found inconvenient from the point of view of developing the language, culture and history of the Oromo people."[11]

On June 10, 2005, the Oromo Peoples' Democratic Organization (OPDO), part of the ruling EPRDF coalition, officially announced plans to move the regional capital back to Finfinne (the Oromo name for Addis Ababa).[14]

Demographics

Based on the 2007 Census conducted by the Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia (CSA), this city has a total population of 220,212, an increase of 72.25% over the population recorded in the 1994 census, of whom 108,872 are men and 111,340 women. With an area of 29.86 square kilometers, Adama has a population density of 7,374.82; all are urban inhabitants. A total of 60,174 households were counted in this city, which results in an average of 3.66 persons to a household, and 59,431 housing units. The four largest ethnic groups reported in Adama were the Oromo (66%), the Amhara (13.13%), the Gurage (11.98%) and the Silte (5.02%); all other ethnic groups made up 5% of the population. oromo was spoken as a first language by 80%, 20.25% spoke amhara and 6.28% spoke Guragiegna; the remaining 8.22% spoke all other primary languages reported. The majority of the inhabitants said they practiced Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity, with 63.62% of the population reporting they observed this belief, while 24.7% of the population were Muslim, and 10.57% were Protestant.[15]

The 1994 national census reported this town had a total population of 127,842 of whom 61,965 were males and 65,877 were females.

International relations

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See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Ethiopia

Sister cities

Adama is twinned with:

Climate

Köppen-Geiger climate classification system classifies its climate as tropical wet and dry (Aw).

Climate data for Adama
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 27
(81)		 28.1
(82.6)		 29.6
(85.3)		 30.1
(86.2)		 30.5
(86.9)		 29.6
(85.3)		 24.4
(75.9)		 26.1
(79)		 27.5
(81.5)		 27.9
(82.2)		 26.7
(80.1)		 25.7
(78.3)		 27.77
(82.03)
Daily mean °C (°F) 19.2
(66.6)		 20.4
(68.7)		 21.9
(71.4)		 22.6
(72.7)		 22.5
(72.5)		 22.4
(72.3)		 18.4
(65.1)		 20.6
(69.1)		 21.1
(70)		 20.1
(68.2)		 18.7
(65.7)		 18.1
(64.6)		 20.5
(68.91)
Average low °C (°F) 11.4
(52.5)		 12.8
(55)		 14.3
(57.7)		 15.2
(59.4)		 14.6
(58.3)		 15.3
(59.5)		 12.5
(54.5)		 15.1
(59.2)		 14.7
(58.5)		 12.3
(54.1)		 10.8
(51.4)		 10.6
(51.1)		 13.3
(55.93)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 11
(0.43)		 22
(0.87)		 45
(1.77)		 58
(2.28)		 43
(1.69)		 74
(2.91)		 201
(7.91)		 210
(8.27)		 101
(3.98)		 24
(0.94)		 13
(0.51)		 7
(0.28)		 809
(31.84)
Average rainy days (≥ 1 mm) 0 0 2 2 4 7 15 14 10 3 1 0 58
Source #1: Climate-Data.org, altitude: 1618m[18]
Source #2: Storm247 for rainy days[19]

References

  1. ↑ Alain Gascon, "Adaama" in Siegbert Uhlig, ed., Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2003, p.70.
  2. ↑ 2009 CIA map marks Nazrēt (Adama) as an administrative (regional) capital..
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "2009map" defined multiple times with different content
  4. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  12. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  14. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  15. ↑ 2007 Population and Housing Census of Ethiopia: Results for Oromia Region, Vol. 1, Tables 2.1, 2.5, 3.4 (accessed 13 January 2012)
  16. ↑ Uzaklar Yakinlaşti - Sivas Twin Towns(Turkish)
  17. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  18. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  19. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

Further reading

  • Briggs, Philip. Guide to Ethiopia. Old Saybrook, Connecticut: Globe Pequot Press, 1995. ISBN 1-56440-814-0

External links

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