Ali Hassan Mwinyi
Ali Hassan Mwinyi | |
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File:Ali Hassan Mwinyi 2.jpg
Ali Hassan Mwiniyi's Success in 1985 elections
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2nd President of Tanzania | |
In office 5 November 1985 – 23 November 1995 |
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Prime Minister | Joseph Warioba (1985–90) John Malecela (1990–94) Cleopa Msuya (1994–95) |
Preceded by | Julius Nyerere |
Succeeded by | Benjamin Mkapa |
3rd President of Zanzibar | |
In office 30 January 1984 – 24 October 1985 |
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Preceded by | Aboud Jumbe |
Succeeded by | Idris Abdul Wakil |
Personal details | |
Born | Kivure, Pwani Region, Tanzania |
8 May 1925
Nationality | Tanzanian |
Political party | CCM |
Spouse(s) | Siti Mwinyi (m. 1960) |
Relations | Hussein Mwinyi (son) |
Children | 12 |
Religion | Islam |
Nickname(s) | Mzee Ruksa |
Ali Hassan Mwinyi (born May 8, 1925 in Kivure, Pwani Region, Tanzania was the Second President of the United Republic of Tanzania from 1985 - 1995.[1][1]
Previous posts include Interior Minister and Vice President.[1] He also was chairman of the ruling party, the Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) from 1990 to 1996.[1]
Contents
Presidency
During Mwinyi's terms Tanzania took the first steps to reverse the socialist policies of Julius Nyerere. [2] He relaxed import restrictions and encouraged private enterprise. It was during his second term that multi-party politics were introduced under pressure from foreign donors. Often referred to as Mzee Rukhsa ("Everything goes"), he pushed for liberalization of morals, beliefs, values (without breaking the law) and the economy. He put these beliefs into practice by opposing religious fundamentalists who burned down pork butcheries; these were fanatics who claimed that eating pork contradicted their beliefs. He insisted that Tanzania was a free country and that individual freedom of beliefs was important. [3] Many argue that during Mwinyi's tenure the country was in transition from the failed socialist orientation of Julius Nyerere that brought its economy to its knees. It was during Mwinyi's administration that Tanzania made some of the crucial decisions towards the liberalization of its economy that paved the way for short-term economic growth .
Personal life
Mwinyi married Sitti in 1960 and has six sons and six daughters. In retirement, Mwinyi has stayed out of the limelight and continues to live in Dar es Salaam.[1]
Honours and awards
Honours
Order | Country | Year | |
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Order of Mwalimu Julius Kambarage Nyerere | ![]() |
2011 |
Honorary degrees
University | Country | Degree | Year |
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The Open University of Tanzania | ![]() |
Doctor of Letters | 2012[4] |
The East African University | ![]() |
Doctor of Philosophy in Business Management | 2013[5] |
Legacy
Eponyms
- Ali Hassan Mwinyi Road, one of the major roads in Dar es Salaam
- Ali Hassan Mwinyi Stadium, Tabora
- Schools:
- Ali Hassan Mwinyi Islamic Secondary School in Tabora Region
- Mwinyi Secondary School in Pwani Region
References
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Party political offices | ||
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Preceded by | National Chairman of Chama Cha Mapinduzi 1990–1996 |
Succeeded by Benjamin Mkapa |
Political offices | ||
Preceded by | President of Tanzania 1985–1995 |
Succeeded by Benjamin Mkapa |
Preceded by | Vice President of Tanzania 1984–1985 |
Succeeded by Joseph Sinde Warioba |
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