Beryllium sulfate

Beryllium sulfate

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Identifiers
CAS Number	13510-49-1 N[???] 7787-56-6 (tetrahydrate) N
ChEBI	CHEBI:53473 Y
ChemSpider	24291 Y
EC Number	236-842-2
Jmol 3D model	Interactive image
PubChem	26077
RTECS number	DS4800000
InChI InChI=1S/Be.H2O4S/c;1-5(2,3)4/h;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+2;/p-2 Y Key: KQHXBDOEECKORE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Y InChI=1/Be.H2O4S/c;1-5(2,3)4/h;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+2;/p-2 Key: KQHXBDOEECKORE-NUQVWONBAA
SMILES [Be+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O
Properties
Chemical formula	BeSO4
Molar mass	105.075 g/mol (anhydrous) 177.136 g/mol (tetrahydrate)
Appearance	white solid
Odor	odorless
Density	2.44 g/cm3 (anhydrous) 1.71 g/cm3 (tetrahydrate)
Melting point	110 °C (230 °F; 383 K) (tetrahydrate, −2H2O) 400 °C (dihydrate, dehydr.) 550–600 decomposes
Boiling point	2,500 °C (4,530 °F; 2,770 K) (anhydrate) 580 °C (tetrahydrate)
Solubility in water	36.2 g/100 mL (0 °C) 40.0 g/100 mL (20 °C) 54.3 g/100 mL (60 °C)
Solubility	insoluble in alcohol
Refractive index (nD)	1.4374 (tetrahydrate)
Thermochemistry
Std molar entropy (So298)	90 J/mol K
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfHo298)	-1197 kJ/mol
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG˚)	-1088 kJ/mol
Vapor pressure	{{{value}}}
Related compounds
Other cations	Magnesium sulfate Calcium sulfate Strontium sulfate Barium sulfate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Beryllium sulfate normally encountered as the tetrahydrate, BeSO₄·4H₂O is a white crystalline solid. It was first isolated in 1815 by Jons Jakob Berzelius.

Beryllium sulfate may be prepared by treating an aqueous solution of any beryllium salt with sulfuric acid, followed by evaporation of the solution and crystallization. The hydrated product may be converted to anhydrous salt by heating at 400 °C. The tetrahydrate contains a tetrahedral Be(OH₂)₄²⁺ unit and sulfate anions. The small size of the Be²⁺ cation determines the number of water molecules that can be coordinated. This contrasts with the analogous magnesium salt, MgSO₄·6H₂O which contains an octahedral Mg(OH₂)₆²⁺ unit.

The anhydrous compound has a structure similar to that of berlinite. The structure contains alternating tetrahedrally coordinated Be and S and each oxygen is 2 coordinate (Be-O-S). The Be-O distance is 156 pm and the S-O distance is 150 pm.

A mixture of beryllium and radium sulfate was used as the neutron source in the discovery of nuclear fission.

External links

• International Chemical Safety Card 1351
• IARC Monograph "Beryllium and Beryllium Compounds"
• IPCS Health & Safety Guide 44
• IPCS Environmental Health Criteria 106: Beryllium
• IPCS CICAD 32

Salts and the ester of the sulfate ion
H2SO4																	He
Li2SO4	BeSO4											B	(RO)2SO3	(NH4)2SO4 N2H6SO4 (NH3OH)2SO4	O	F	Ne
Na2SO4 NaHSO4	MgSO4											Al2(SO4)3	Si	P	SO42−	Cl	Ar
K2SO4 KHSO4	CaSO4	Sc2(SO4)3	Ti(SO4)2 TiOSO4	V2(SO4)3 VOSO4	CrSO4 Cr2(SO4)3	MnSO4	FeSO4 Fe2(SO4)3	CoSO4, Co2(SO4)3	NiSO4	CuSO4	ZnSO4	Ga2(SO4)3	Ge	As	Se	Br	Kr
Rb2SO4	SrSO4	Y2(SO4)3	Zr(SO4)2	Nb	Mo	Tc	Ru	Rh	PdSO4	Ag2SO4	CdSO4	In2(SO4)3	SnSO4	Sb2(SO4)3	Te	I	Xe
Cs2SO4	BaSO4		Hf	Ta	W	Re	Os	Ir	Pt	Au	Hg2SO4, HgSO4	Tl2SO4	PbSO4	Bi2(SO4)3	Po	At	Rn
Fr	Ra		Rf	Db	Sg	Bh	Hs	Mt	Ds	Rg	Cn	Uut	Fl	Uup	Lv	Uus	Uuo
		↓
		La	Ce2(SO4)3 Ce(SO4)2	Pr2(SO4)3	Nd	Pm	Sm	Eu	Gd	Tb	Dy	Ho	Er	Tm	Yb2(SO4)3	Lu
		Ac	Th	Pa	U(SO4)2 UO2SO4	Np	Pu	Am	Cm	Bk	Cf	Es	Fm	Md	No	Lr