Cerulenin
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Names | |
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IUPAC name
(2R,3S)-3-[(4E,7E)-nona-4,7-dienoyl]oxirane-2-carboxamide
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Identifiers | |
17397-89-6 | |
ChEBI | CHEBI:171741 |
ChEMBL | ChEMBL45627 |
ChemSpider | 4445281 |
DrugBank | DB01034 |
Jmol 3D model | Interactive image |
KEGG | C12058 |
PubChem | 5282054 |
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Properties | |
C12H17NO3 | |
Molar mass | 223.2695 |
Density | 1.135 g/mL |
Boiling point | 456.14 °C (853.05 °F; 729.29 K) |
Vapor pressure | {{{value}}} |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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verify (what is ?) | |
Infobox references | |
Cerulenin is an antifungal antibiotic that inhibits fatty acid and steroid biosynthesis. In fatty acid synthesis, it has been reported to bind in equimolar ratio to b-keto-acyl-ACP synthase, one of the seven moieties of fatty acid synthase, blocking the interaction of malonyl-CoA. It also has the related activity of stimulating fatty acid oxidation through the activation of CPT1, another enzyme normally inhibited by malonyl-CoA. Inhibition involves covalent thioacylation that permanently inactivates the enzymes.[1] These two behaviors may increase the availability of energy in the form of ATP, perhaps sensed by AMPK, in the hypothalamus.[2]
In sterol synthesis, cerulenin inhibits HMG-CoA synthetase activity.[3] It was also reported that cerulenin specifically inhibited fatty acid biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae without having an effect on sterol formation.[3] But in general conclusion, cerulenin has inhibitory effects on sterol synthesis.
Cerulenin causes a dose-dependent decrease in HER2/neu protein levels in breast cancer cells, from 14% at 1.25 to 78% at 10 milligrams per liter, and targeting of fatty acid synthase by related drugs has been suggested as a possible treatment.[4] Antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects have been shown in colon cells as well.[5] At an intraperitoneal dose of 30 milligrams per kilogram, it has been shown to inhibit feeding and induce dramatic weight loss in mice by a mechanism similar to, but independent or downstream of, leptin signaling.[6] It is found naturally in the industrial strain Cephalosporium caerulens (Sarocladium oryzae, the sheath rot pathogen of rice).
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References
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