Glycidol
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| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Oxiranylmethanol
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| Other names
Glycidol
2,3-Epoxy-1-propanol 3-Hydroxypropylene oxide Epoxypropyl alcohol Hydroxymethyl ethylene oxide 2-Hydroxymethyl oxiran |
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| Identifiers | |
556-52-5  |
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| ChEBI | CHEBI:30966 |
| ChemSpider | 10691 |
| Jmol 3D model | Interactive image |
| KEGG | C10920 |
| PubChem | 11164 |
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| Properties | |
| C3H6O2 | |
| Molar mass | 74.08 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | Viscous liquid |
| Density | 1.1143 g/cm³[1] |
| Melting point | −54 °C (−65 °F; 219 K)[3] |
| Boiling point | 167 °C (333 °F; 440 K) (decomposes)[1] |
| miscible[2] | |
| Vapor pressure | 0.9 mmHg (25°C)[2] |
| Vapor pressure | {{{value}}} |
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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| Infobox references | |
Glycidol is an organic compound that contains both epoxide and alcohol functional groups. Being bifunctional, it has a variety of industrial uses. The compound is a slightly viscous liquid that is slightly unstable and is not often encountered in pure form.
Synthesis and applications
Glycidol is prepared by the epoxidation of allyl alcohol.[4]
Glycidol is used as a stabilizer for natural oils and vinyl polymers and as a demulsifier. It is used as a chemical intermediate in the synthesis of glycerol, glycidyl ethers, esters and amines. It is used in surface coatings, chemical synthesis, pharmaceuticals, sanitary chemicals and sterilizing milk of magnesia, and as a gelation agent in solid propellants.[5]
Safety
Glycidol is an irritant of the skin, eyes, mucous membranes, and upper respiratory tract. Exposure to glycidol may also cause central nervous system depression, followed by central nervous system stimulation.[6] It is listed as an IARC group 2A carcinogen, meaning that it is "probably carcinogenic to humans".[7] In regards to occupational exposures, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration has set a permissible exposure limit at 50 ppm over an eight-hour work shift, while the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health recommends a limit at 25 ppm over an eight-hour work shift.[8]
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Merck Index, 11th Edition, 4385
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedPGCH - ↑ Record in the GESTIS Substance Database of the IFA
- ↑ Guenter Sienel, Robert Rieth, Kenneth T. Rowbottom "Epoxides" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2005. doi:10.1002/14356007.a09_531
- ↑ Glycidol at chemicalland21.com
- ↑ OSHA guidelines for glycidol
- ↑ IARC Monographs - Classifications - Group2A
- ↑ CDC - NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
