James Ainslie (pastoralist)

James Ainslie
Born	1787 Sprouston, Roxburghshire, Scotland
Died	11 April 1844 (aged 60)
Spouse(s)	Betty Catteral (1818-1821; her death) Jya Ngambri (1825-1835; he left)
Children	James Ainslie b. 1820 Ju Nin Mingo (or Nanny) b. 1827

James Ainslie (1787-1844) was a Scottish pastoralist, best known as the first overseer of the property known as Duntroon in the Australian Capital Territory. During his time on the property between 1825 and 1835 he lived in a relationship with a Ngambri woman, Jya Ngambri. After 10 years at Duntroon, Ainslie returned to Scotland. Ainslie died in 1844.

The suburb Ainslie, originally a part of Duntroon, is named after James Ainslie, as is Mount Ainslie.

Early life

James Ainslie was born in Roxburghshire Scotland (at the Scottish Borders) in 1787. He married Betty Catteral in Rufford, Lancashire in 1818.

The couple had a son in 1820, also named James Ainslie. Before their child's first birthday, Betty died age 25.

Time in Australia

File:Mount Ainslie from Parliament House (2444619761).jpg

A view of Mount Ainslie from Parliament House. Mount Ainslie is a prominent landmark in the Australian Capital Territory named after James Ainslie.

Leaving his son behind, James Ainslie traveled to New South Wales, Australia in the ship Admiral Cockburn, arriving in February 1825. He was recruited by Robert Campbell in 1825 to establish a sheep station in the limestone plains of New South Wales. On his way from Bathurst to find an appropriate site for sheep station, Ainslie and his convict labourers came across a terrified group of Aboriginal Australians near Booroowa. It is said that the Indigenous people had never seen sheep or white people before and believing Ainslie to be a dead spirit "sacrificed" a Ngambri woman to him, who they had earlier "stolen" from down on the plains. Ainslie was guided to the south-east by that woman, Jya Ngambri and established Campbell's property, later named Duntroon in the area of present-day Canberra.

In 1827 Jya Ngambri and James Ainslie had a daughter, called Ju Nin Mingo - or Nanny.

Ainslie ran Campbell's sheep station for around a decade, turning his flock of sheep from Bathurst into a flock of 20,000 (after sales). It was during this time that Mount Ainslie was named after him.

In January 1835, Robert Campbell announced there had been "irregularities and insubordination...occasioned by a [liquor] Store on a neighbouring Farm" and made it known that he would henceforth pay no more orders drawn by Mr Ainslie. Within two months of the announcement, Ainslie was making preparations to leave Australia. He advertised in the Sydney Herald that he was about to "quit the Colony."

Leaving behind Jya Ngambri and his daughter, Ainslie sailed on the Edinburgh to Liverpool, England from Sydney, departing 16 March 1835. From Liverpool, he made his way back to the Scottish Borders.

After his return to Scotland

Between 1835 and 1844 Ainslie was often in trouble with the law including for assaults and public nuisance. In 1841, court documents were prepared stating that Ainslie had "came home to see his son with the intention of returning to the Colony... but he has not yet found it convenient to return."

On 11 April 1844, Ainslie died at Jedburgh Castle Jail aged 60. He hanged himself while awaiting trial for a charge of assault.

Further reading

• Exploring the ACT and Southeast New South Wales, J. Kay McDonald, Kangaroo Press, Sydney, 1985 ISBN 0-86417-049-1