List of Acacia species

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File:CSIRO ScienceImage 11348 Acacia pollen.jpg
SEM image of Acacia pollen (about 50 microns long)

Several cladistic analyses have shown that the genus Acacia is not monophyletic. While the subg. Acacia and subg. Phyllodinae are monophyletic, subg. Aculeiferum is not. This subgenus consists of three clades. Therefore, the following list of Acacia species cannot be maintained as a single entity, and must either be split up, or broadened to include species previously not in the genus. This genus has been provisionally divided into 5 genera, Acacia, Vachellia, Senegalia, Acaciella and Mariosousa. The proposed type species of Acacia is Acacia penninervis.[1]

Which of these segregate genera is to retain the name Acacia has been controversial. The genus was previously typified with the African species Acacia scorpioides (L.) W.F.Wright, a synonym of Acacia nilotica (L.) Delile. Under the original typification, the name Acacia would stay with the group of species currently recognized as the genus Vachellia. Orchard and Maslin[2] proposed a retypification of the genus Acacia with the species Acacia penninervis Sieber ex DC., an Australian species that is a member of the largest clade within Acacia, a primarily Australian group formerly recognized as Acacia subgenus Phyllodinae, on the basis that this results in the fewest nomenclatural changes. Although this proposal met with strong disagreement by some authors,[3] it was accepted on 16 July 2005 by the XVII International Botanical Congress in Vienna, Austria.[4] Consequently, the name Acacia is conserved for 948 Australian species, 7 in the Pacific Islands, 1 or 2 in Madagascar and 10 in tropical Asia. Those outside Australia are split between the genera Acaciella, Mariosousa, Senegalia, and Vachellia. This decision was upheld at the 2011 Congress.[5]

In its new circumscription, the genus Acacia (now limited to the Australian species) has seven subgenera—Alatae (an artificial section[citation needed]), Botrycephalae, Juliflorae, Lycopodiifoliae, Plurinerves, Phyllodinae, and Pulchellae (see below). The other species, distributed in the Indian Ocean, tropical Asia and tropical America are now classified under

  • Vachellia (former subgenus Acacia): 163 species (pantropical)
  • Senegalia (former subgenus Aculeiferum): 203 species (pantropical)
  • Acaciella (former subgenus Aculeiferum section Filicinae): 15 species (Americas)
  • Mariosousa: 13 species related to (and including) Acacia coulteri (Americas)

Two Australian acacias were re-classified under Vachellia, and another two under Senegalia.

Species List

This is a list of species that belong to Acacia sensu stricto.[6] For species that have been transferred to other genera, see Acaciella, Mariosousa, Senegalia, and Vachellia.

Subgenus Alatae

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File:Acacia alata.JPG
Acacia alata

Subgenus Botrycephalae

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File:Acacia dealbata fruto.jpg
Silver Wattle (Acacia dealbata) - fruit

Subgenus Juliflorae

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Acacia aneura
File:Acaciaauriculiformis1web.jpg
Earpod Wattle (Acacia auriculiformis)
Acacia denticulosa
Foliage and blossoms of Acacia longifolia
File:Acaciamangium1web.jpg
Mangium Wattle (Acacia mangium)
File:Acacia oxycedrus.jpg
Acacia oxycedrus, Bunyip State Park, Victoria
File:Acacia triptera.jpg
Acacia triptera

Subgenus Lycopodiifoliae

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Subgenus Phyllodineae

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File:Acacia acinacea 01.jpg
Acacia acinacea
File:Acacia boormanii 02.jpg
Acacia boormanii
File:Acacia covenyi02.jpg
Acacia covenyi at Australian National Botanic Gardens
File:Acacia genistifolia.jpg
Acacia genistifolia
File:Acacia inaequilatera.jpg
Acacia inaequilatera
File:Acacia myrtifolia.JPG
Acacia myrtifolia
File:Starr 020911-0001 Acacia podalyriifolia.jpg
Queensland Silver Wattle (Acacia podalyriifolia)
File:Acaciaretinodes1web.jpg
Swamp Wattle (Acacia retinodes)
Acacia stricta
File:Acacia verniciflua.jpg
Acacia verniciflua

Subgenus Plurinerves

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File:Starr 991129-1171 Acacia confusa.jpg
Formosa Acacia (Acacia confusa)
File:Acacia elongata.jpg
Acacia elongata
File:Starr 020511-0009 Acacia koa.jpg
Koa (Acacia koa)
File:Starr 020124-0063 Acacia koaia.jpg
Koaiʻa (Acacia koaia)
Australian Blackwood (Acacia melanoxylon)
File:Acacia rigens.jpg
Acacia rigens

Subgenus Pulchellae

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File:Acacia nigricans.jpg
Acacia nigricans

Incertae Sedis

Hybrids

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  • Acacia adoxa var. adoxa × spondylophylla
  • Acacia adsurgens × rhodophloia
  • Acacia ampliceps × bivenosa
  • Acacia ampliceps × sclerosperma subsp. sclerosperma
  • Acacia ancistrocarpa × arida
  • Acacia ancistrocarpa × citrinoviridis
  • Acacia ancistrocarpa × hilliana
  • Acacia ancistrocarpa × orthocarpa
  • Acacia aphanoclada × pyrifolia var. pyrifolia
  • Acacia arida × stellaticeps
  • Acacia ayersiana × incurvaneura
  • Acacia baileyana × dealbata
  • Acacia bivenosa × sclerosperma subsp. sclerosperma
  • Acacia caesaneura × incurvaneura
  • Acacia citrinoviridis × tumida var. pilbarensis
  • Acacia craspedocarpa × macraneura
  • Acacia craspedocarpa × ramulosa
  • Acacia ×daweana Maslin
  • Acacia decurrens × mearnsii
  • Acacia dodonaeifolia × paradoxa
  • Acacia eriopoda × monticola
  • Acacia eriopoda × trachycarpa
  • Acacia eriopoda × tumida var. pilbarensis
  • Acacia eriopoda × tumida var. tumida
  • Acacia glaucocaesia × synchronicia
  • Acacia ×grayana J.H.Willis
  • Acacia hilliana × stellaticeps
  • Acacia incurvaneura × mulganeura
  • Acacia ligulata × sclerosperma subsp. sclerosperma
  • Acacia longifolia × oxycedrus
  • Acacia monticola × trachycarpa
  • Acacia monticola × tumida var. kulparn
  • Acacia monticola × tumida var. pilbarensis
  • Acacia mucronata × acutata
  • Acacia ×nabbonandii Nash
  • Acacia oxycedrus × sophorae
  • Acacia rhodophloia × sibirica
  • Acacia ×sphaerostachya E.Pritzel
  • Acacia stellaticeps × trachycarpa
  • Acacia trachycarpa × tumida var. pilbarensis

References

  1. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. ↑ A. E. Orchard and B. R. Maslin, 2003. (1584) Proposal to conserve the name Acacia (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae) with a conserved type. Taxon 52(2): 362–363.
  3. ↑ M. Luckow, C. Hughes, B. Schrire, P. Winter, C. Fagg, R. Fortunato, J. Hurter, L. Rico, F. J. Breteler, A. Bruneau, M. Caccavari, L. Craven, M. Crisp, A. Delgado S., S. Demissew, J. J. Doyle, R. Grether, S.Harris, P. S. Herendeen, H. M. Hernandez, A. M. Hirsch, R. Jobson, B. B. Klitgaard, J.-N. Labat, M. Lock, B. MacKinder, B. Pfeil, B. B. Simpson, G. F. Smith, M. Sousa S., J. Timberlake, J. G. van der Maesen, A. E. Van Wyk, P. Vorster, C. K. Willis, J. J. Wieringa and M. F. Wojciechowski, 2005. Acacia: The Case against Moving the Type to Australia. Taxon 54(2): 513–519.
  4. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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