List of fictional beverages

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Many works of fiction have incorporated into their world the existence of beverages - liquids made for popular consumption - which may create a sense of the world in which the story takes place, and in some cases may serve to advance the plot of the story. These products may be fictional brands which serve as a stand in for brand names, and in that capacity may be a vessel for mockery of the marketing culture associated with brand name products (e.g., Duff Beer from The Simpsons; Buzz Beer from The Drew Carey Show). In science fiction, beverages from alien races may enhance the sense of a futuristic society (e.g. Romulan Ale in Star Trek).[1]

While there are many fictional liquids that can be consumed, fictional liquid medicines and magical potions (such as the liquid that causes Alice to shrink in Alice in Wonderland) may not be widely available for common consumption, or may simply not be described as being used for that purpose, and thus would not be considered "beverages" at all.

Alcoholic or intoxicating beverages

In literature and print

Beverage Source Date of
first mention
Description and significance
Butterbeer Harry Potter 1999 Warm frothy beverage made from water, sugar, and (you guessed it) butter. It has a very small alcohol content. Described as tasting "a little bit like less-sickly butterscotch.". This drink has been made in real life and is distributed at Universal Studio's Hogsmeade.
Glingue Valérian and Laureline 1975 An extremely strong and addictive alcoholic beverage, the favourite drink of the Shingouz. While its exact details have never been mentioned, it is depicted as strong enough to be toxic to humans, and not completely safe to the Shingouz either. The Shingouz usually carry a small glingue flask with them wherever they go, and their continued use of the drink has even resulted in a separate stomach having evolved just for its consumption.
Manhattan Dynamite Moomin comic strips A cocktail made from illegally produced distilled alcohol. Moominpappa used to both enjoy and distil Manhattan Dynamite during his adventures in his youth, and he sometimes still does it when reminiscing his youth, although this sometimes gets him in trouble with the police.
May Queen "Uncle Fred in the Springtime" 1939 Its full name is "Today shall be of all the year the maddest merriest day, for I'm to be queen of the May, mother, I'm to be queen of the May".
Moloko Plus (Nadsat for "Milk Plus") A Clockwork Orange 1962 Aka "milk with knives in it"; drunk by the protagonist to get him in the mood for "a bit of the old ultraviolence" [2]
Pan-Galactic Gargle Blaster The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy 1978 A legendary cocktail invented by Zaphod Beeblebrox, the effect of drinking it is compared to having your brains beaten out with a gold brick wrapped in a slice of lemon, based on "Old Janx Spirit".
Piso Mojado Spook Country 2007 Spanish for "wet floor", this drink is composed of 3 kinds of mezcal and icy grape puree.[3]
Scumble Mort 1987 A fixture of Terry Pratchett's Discworld series, scumble is described as "an alcoholic beverage made of mostly apples and drunk in very small cups some months apart." Notorious for its potency, scumble should not be allowed to come in contact with metal or water and can be used to clean spoons.[4]
Sipuliviina Ryhmy ja Romppainen 1940s The name roughly translates to "onion vodka". A cheap but potent, foul-smelling alcoholic beverage presumably made by mixing onions into vodka. The favourite beverage of the titular character Ryhmy, but both his patrol partner Romppainen and everyone else find it horrible.
Victory Gin Nineteen Eighty-Four 1949 A cheap, low-quality drink supplied by the government. Winston Smith, the protagonist, frequently drinks it despite its disagreeable taste and smell.
Vesper Casino Royale 1953 Three measures of Gordon's, one of vodka, half a measure of Kina Lillet. Shake it very well until it's ice-cold, then add a large thin slice of lemon peel. Named after the original Bond girl, Vesper Lynd. Since Kina Liliet Kina Lillet is no longer available, it can be approximated by using Cocchi Americano.

In film

Beverage Source Date of
first mention
Description and significance
Black Pony Scotch Laura[5] 1944 A bottle of this brand is found in the apartment of the title character (who is understood to have been murdered), leading the detective investigating the crime to develop suspicions based on his belief that she would not drink so cheap a brand. In the stage play of the film, the product is called "Four Horses Scotch".[5]
Elsinore beer Strange Brew 1983 The plot was loosely based on Shakespeare's Hamlet, but the key characters were either stakeholders or employees of the company that made this beer, which was contaminated by an evil mastermind in a plot to control the world.[6][7]
Norbecker Beer Beer 1985 The beer produced by Norbecker Brewery and marketed with the slogan "Whip out your Norbecker."
Laughing Clown Malt Liquor Talladega Nights: The Ballad of Ricky Bobby 2006 Primary sponsor of character Ricky Bobby's NASCAR car (logo displayed on hood of car)

In television

Beverage Source Date of
first mention
Description and significance
Alamo Beer King of the Hill The favorite brand of Hank, Dale, Bill, and Boomhauer. At one point, Hank's wife Peggy takes a job at the company that produces it and finds evidence of tainted beer being shipped to Mexico.
Ambrosa Battlestar Galactica Alcoholic beverage, often mis-heard as "ambrosia", was made is the 12 Colonies of Man, and also as the prison labor product on a penal colony, although the freed inmates descendants complained of the quality of the Colony-produced version.
Binge Beer NASULG 1999 Created by the National Association of State Universities and Land-Grant Colleges (NASULG) for a series of television commercials in their anti-drinking campaign.[8]
Black Yukon Sucker Punch Twin Peaks 1991 Ordered by Judge Sternwood and served to him, Agent Cooper and Sheriff Truman. The judge warns the drink will "sneak up on you!"
Bloodwine Star Trek The most famous alcoholic beverage among the Klingons. It is a very important part of the Klingon culture, and it is traditional for Klingons to celebrate victorious battles with copious amounts of bloodwine. Bloodwine is extremely strong, and can even prove dangerous to Klingons themselves if not used carefully. As with most Star Trek beverages, its exact nature has not been mentioned, but it is apparently made from the blood of animals native to the Klingon homeworld. Worf frequently used to substitute prune juice for bloodwine when drinking among non-Klingons, claiming it tastes just as good.
Blump's Pork Juice The Dark Backward 1991 A product advertised by Blump's International, a fictional company who produces many pork-based products
Stelberg Louis Shameless (UK TV series) 2004 Ordered by Frank Gallagher
Ashbury Export Shameless (UK TV series) 2005 Ordered by Frank Gallagher
Chech'tluth Star Trek: The Next Generation May 22, 1989 A traditional alcoholic beverage among the Klingons. It is served in a large metal cup, and produces a thick, smoke-like mist in the air when poured. Its exact nature has never been mentioned, but it is safe for humans, and is considerably stronger than whisky.
Churchill's EastEnders May 8, 1996 Draught ale in the TV soap's Queen Vic pub
Buzz Beer The Drew Carey Show May 8, 1996 A mixture of beer and coffee brewed and mixed by the characters in Drew's garage.[9][10] The production and marketing of this product created numerous situations in which the dynamics of the characters played out. In one episode, a product with the same ingredients called Cap-Beer-Cino was made by a competitor.
Duff Beer The Simpsons.[9][11] Consumed by many characters, this beer has been prevalent throughout the series since its introduction in May 1990, and provides a basis for numerous storylines. Variations include Duff Lite, Duff Dry, and Duff Dark. Fudd Beer is sold in competition with Duff Beer, and is reportedly popular in Shelbyville despite having blinded hillbillies.
Flaming Moe
(Flaming Homer)
The Simpsons episode
"Flaming Moe's"[9]
November 21, 1991 Drink invented by Homer Simpson and then co-opted by the Moe the bartender, which becomes wildly popular. It consists of several alcoholic beverages mixed together with children's cough syrup and is set on fire before serving.
Girlie Girl Beer Married... with Children Lead character Al Bundy's favorite beer, and the official beer of his anti-feminist club, NO-MA'AM - that is, until Yoko Ono becomes the brand's official spokesperson.[12]
Glen McKenna scotch How I Met Your Mother episode "Intervention" October 13, 2008 An expensive scotch appearing at various point throughout the series.[13]
Glengoolie scotch Archer 2011 A scotch described by Sterling Archer as "mid-range" that shows up throughout the series in both Blue and Black varieties.
Hammersteen Beer Two and a Half Men episode, "Twenty-Five Little Pre-pubers Without a Snoot-ful" November 10, 2003 Subject of the lyrics of a jingle Charlie includes in the musical he writes for Jake's class.
Jumbo Jim's Grape Scotch How I Met Your Mother episode "Architect of Destruction" October 18, 2010 When Barney claims that, in all situations, new is always better, Ted offers to buy the newest scotch they have at MacLaren's. The waitress warns him, "Don't let it touch your skin!"
Life Cry Black Books episode "Elephants and Hens" March 18, 2004 Fran takes a bottle to her friend Becky's hen party; disaster ensues; "You know you're in for a good night when there's a picture of a polar bear bleeding on the label"
Mudder's milk Firefly episode, "Jaynestown" October 18, 2002 Simon Tam equates Mudder's Milk to the Ancient Egyptian's beer given to workers. According to Simon, it gave essential nutrition as well as making them docile.
Old Düsseldorf Magnum, P.I. Magnum's beer of choice was Old Düsseldorf in long-neck bottles, of which he kept a never ending supply in his mini-fridge. It was brewed by a fictional Maryland brewery.
Panther Pilsner Beer The Three Stooges short subject,
Three Little Beers;[14]
November 28, 1935 In this short, the Three Stooges work for the beer company that manufactures this product, and end up sending barrels of it rolling through the streets.
Samarian Sunset Star Trek: The Next Generation A fancy alcoholic drink that is served clear, but when the glass is tapped slightly, it becomes coloured with mixed hues. One of the most popular drinks in Guinan's bar Ten Forward, particularly among Cardassians.
Pawtucket Ale "Family Guy" 1999 Beer that Peter and his friends drink. Peter also works at the brewery for Pawtucket Ale.
Schraderbräu Breaking Bad 2011 Hank Schrader's garage homebrew.
Screaming Viking Cheers September 24, 1987[15] This drink is made-up by the bar regulars to boot out the new bartender, Wayne, in favor of keeping Woody. It eventually becomes an actual drink in the real world.[16]
Shotz Beer Laverne and Shirley[9] The product of the Shotz Brewery, the fictional company by which the title characters were employed as bottle cappers throughout the first five seasons of the series. The catalyst for the show's Season 6 move from Milwaukee, Wisconsin to Burbank, California was the supposed elimination of the jobs of the title characters to automation.
Synthehol Star Trek: The Next Generation A replacement for ethyl alcohol, which allows the drinker to experience all the intoxicating effects upon consumption without any of the negative effects following it. Invented by the Ferengi, and because of this it is customary to say "To the Ferengi!" when toasting with synthenol-based drinks. Connoisseurs of alcoholic beverages claim synthenol-based drinks taste worse than real alcoholic drinks.
Tantrum How I Met Your Mother October 19, 2009 Tantrum is a super-caffeinated soda that Ted and Marshall drink. It was very popular in the 1990s, but was eventually discontinued after an extensive study by the FDA. Ted and Marshall drank Tantrum on their road trips from Connecticut to Chicago, to Gazola's, where they went to have pizza. Tantrum has dangerous side-effects; Ted was color blind for a week after drinking it, and Marshall thinks Tantrum is the reason why he passes out when he hears church bells. It gives Marshall super-strength, allowing him to tear a phonebook in two. (Duel Citizenship).
Uncle Jemima's Pure Mash Liquor Saturday Night Live February 5, 2000 In three episodes airing February 5, 2000, March 18, 2000, and May 13, 2000; "Uncle Jemima" (played by Tracy Morgan), is the husband of Aunt Jemima, "the pancake lady", and the creator of the beverage in this commercial parody. The commercial jabs at old-time racial stereotypes perpetuated by products like Aunt Jemima. Uncle Jemima comments that while his wife says "sellin' booze is degradin' to our people", "I always say that black folk ain't exactly swellin' up with pride on account of you flippin' flapjacks".[17]
Vän Der Bräu Don't Trust the B---- in Apartment 23 episode "Sexy People..." November 13, 2012 A Danish beer named after James Van Der Beek
Vitameatavegamin I Love Lucy episode,
"Lucy Does a TV Commercial"
May 5, 1952[18][19] Lucy schemes to get on Ricky's TV show by appearing in a commercial for this beverage, which is said to contain "vitamins, meat, vegetables and minerals". As Lucy does repeated takes of the commercial and swallows dose after dose, her increasingly tipsy behavior reveals that the product also contains alcohol.
Wharmpess Beer How I Met Your Mother episode "Canning Randy" Nov 10, 2010 Randolph Wharmpess (pronounced like Warm Piss, is an employee of GNB, who Barny convinces Marshall to fire. After doing so, Marshall feels guilty and re-hires Randy who is disappointed because he was so happy to be away from GNB. He convinces Marshall to fire him again, and goes on to start a brewery. At the end of the episode, future Ted tells his kids that Wharmpess Beer is now available in every bar in America.

In games

Beverage Source Date of
first mention
Description and significance
Grog Monkey Island October 1990 This lurid and foul green drink is consumed by several pirates and is referenced to throughout the series. It is named after, but is not to be confused with, the real drink grog. Grog is said to be a secret mixture of one or more of the following: kerosene, propylene glycol, artificial sweeteners, sulphuric acid, rum, acetone, red dye #2, scumm, axle grease, battery acid and/or pepperoni. It is known for its extremely caustic and volatile properties and has been shown to melt straight through metal.
Pißwasser Grand Theft Auto IV April 29, 2008 A fictional lager of German origin advertised in-game with satirical intent. Correctly spelled "Pisswasser", it is a German slang term for a watery tasting beer and literally translates to "pee water". Is advertised in-game with the slogan, "Cheap German lager for export only!"
Hefecrocken Deus Ex: Human Revolution August 23, 2011 A fictional beer that grants 5 health points on consumption. The in-game billboards assumingly correctly spell "Hefecrocken", the bottles on the other hand spell "Hefeweizen", which is the German term for unfiltered wheat beer.
Shangri-Lager Far Cry 4 November 18, 2014 A fictional lager to be found throughout the also fictional Himalayan country Kyrat in Far Cry 4. The name is a reference to a mythical world called Shangri-La, where the Kyrati Goddess Kyra is said to have reached Nirvana.

In radio

Beverage Source Date of
first mention
Description and significance
Shires The Archers 1951[20] Served in The Bull, Ambridge, the village pub in world's longest running soap opera[21] The Archers. A cask beer real ale.[20]
Otter's Crest, Old Monk's Bell, Sailor's Junk, Orbital, Tandoor, Riland's Dark Water, Allison's Amber Double Science May 2008[20] In all episodes fictional real ale is discussed by the errant science teachers. Particularly in episode 3, "4 Extra Premiere".

Miscellaneous

Beverage Source Date of
first mention
Description and significance
Heisler Beer Various Essentially a placeholder name for a beer, this brand has appeared in many films and television shows.

Non-alcoholic beverages

In literature or print

Beverage Source Date of
first mention
Description and significance
Ebola Cola Transmetropolitan 1997 A presumably carbonated beverage advertised ubiquitously throughout The City, its logo being a small circular face with sharp jagged teeth.
Gurgleurp Donald Duck 1964 A dark brown -coloured carbonated refreshment beverage similar to the real-world Coca-Cola. It is available almost everywhere, cheap and good-tasting, but not very healthy. Donald Duck is particularly fond of the beverage, and is often seen drinking it.
Sani-Cola The Adventures of Tintin 1968 A light green refreshment beverage containing chlorophyll. Claimed to be very healthy, but this claim was disproved by Captain Haddock when he poured a glass of Sani-Cola into a plant pot. Within minutes, the plant withered away and died.

In film

Beverage Source Date of
first mention
Description and significance
Adrenalode[22] Turbo 2013 A potent energy drink promoted by 5-time Indianapolis 500 champ Guy Gagné, Adrenalode contains ingredients such as Phonisirene, Ethylonium, Tauranidrene, Chloriadium, and Tastebadazine which in fine print are "not recommended for ingestion".
Blue milk Star Wars 1977 Blue coloured bantha milk. Bantha is an animal, which lives on planet Tatooine.
Booty Sweat energy drink Tropic Thunder 2008 Part of the multi-pronged product empire of that film's character, Alpa Chino.[23] The drink, like other products, supports the use of Chino as a parody of other rappers or musicians who become multi-product moguls. Chino has a supply of the beverage throughout the film, and plugs it (anachronistically) during the filming of the Vietnam war film-within-a-film.
Botijola Mort & Phil. Mission: Save Earth 2008 An awful beverage that contains no water in its formula. The evil producer of the beverage wants to produce a world drought, so people will be forced to drink his product.
Buzzz Cola Surf II: The End of the Trilogy 1984 A popular soft drink that the film's antagonist, teenage mad scientist Menlo Schwartzer, chemically alters to turn its drinkers into garbage-eating zombie slaves as part of a scheme to rid Southern California of its surfer population.[24] The preferred drink of rebellious youth and mindless drones.
Cadre Cola The Running Man 1987 The sponsor of The Running Man TV game show.
Dark Planet Cola Escape from Planet Earth 2013 A green cola popular on Planet Baab that is somehow 800% sugar and made to promote Scorch Supernova's mission to the Dark Planet.
Fizzy Bubblech You Don't Mess with the Zohan 2008 A soft drink in an unusually shaped bottle popular in Israel.
Slusho! Cloverfield, Star Trek 2008
(earlier in Alias)
As part of the viral marketing campaign, the drink Slusho! has served as a tie-in. The drink had already appeared in producer Abrams' previous creation, the TV series Alias.[25]

In games

Beverage Source Date of
first mention
Description and significance
Bouncy Bubble Beverage Paranoia 1985 The most popular mandatory beverage in Alpha Complex, the setting of the Paranoia tabletop role-playing game. First introduced in the 1985 mission Send in the Clones.[26]
Kaja'cola World of Warcraft 2010 A soft drink based on an ore called Kaja'mite. The person that drinks it gets a random idea. Official description: "Kaja'cola gives you IDEAS!"
Quafe EVE Online 2003 A popular soft drink in the!EVE Online universe.[27]
Nuka-Cola Fallout September 30, 1997 Nuka-Cola was the most popular flavored soft drink in the United States before the Great War. After the War, it remains the most popular soft drink of the post-nuclear world, as much of it was preserved in a fairly pristine state, although it tends to be warm, irradiated and flat.
Sunset Sarsaparilla Fallout: New Vegas October 19, 2010 A root beer inspired carbonated beverage found around the post-nuclear remains of New Vegas.
Bonk! Atomic Punch Team Fortress 2 2009 A favorite beverage of the Scout, Bonk! is an energy drink full of radiation, which gives the Scout the ability to temporarily become invincible by making him dodge all enemy attacks.
Bonk! Crit-A-Cola Team Fortress 2 2009 Another favorite beverage of the Scout, Crit-a-Cola is a soft drink that allows him to run faster and deal increased damage for a short time.
Perk-a-Cola Call of Duty 2008 The common name for several beverages in the zombie levels of Call of Duty: World at War and Call of Duty: Black Ops. The beverages give added perks to the player.
e-Cola Grand Theft Auto IV 2008 A cola-flavoured beverage seen on many billboards throughout the game, but not giving the player any certain advantages. Its name may be a reference to the bacterium, E-Coli
Banang Sam & Max Beyond Time and Space January 10, 2008 A banana-flavoured powdered drink mix, fortified with vitamins and minerals such as niacin and riboflavin. Makes further appearances in later works by Telltale Games, in different forms.
OverCharge Delirium XT Sunset Overdrive October 28, 2014 An untested orange flavoured citrus energy drink that turned people into mutants.

In television

Beverage Source Date of
first mention
Description and significance
Blue Rat 15 Storeys High 2002 A bargain energy drink from an Eastern European supermarket that causes Vince a few problems in the episode of the same name.
Caf-Pow NCIS 2003
Cuke The IT Crowd 2008 A carbonated beverage advertised on the website 'Friendface'. Despite Roy claiming that adverts have no effect on him, he continuously chain consumes the drink and repeats its slogan of 'Heaven in a Can' as fact.
E-Cola Transformers A cola drink whose advertisement appear in some Transformers episodes.
Hot Fresh Coffee NCIS 2003 Based on the real-life brand Starbucks
Raktajino Star Trek: Deep Space Nine Klingon coffee, very popular among both Klingons and non-Klingons. The favourite drink of Benjamin Sisko, the station commander.
Slug-O-Cola Star Trek: Deep Space Nine The Ferengi's most popular drink, a thick, light green refreshment beverage containing 43% live algae. Its slogan goes "Drink Slug-O-Cola, the slimiest drink in the galaxy!" Most non-Ferengi find the drink repulsive.
Slurm Futurama 1999 A highly addictive soft drink introduced in the episode "Fry and the Slurm Factory".
Tantrum How I Met Your Mother 2009 A highly caffeinated soft drink popular when Ted, Lily and Marshall were in college. "Duel Citizenship".
Thunder Muscle The Increasingly Poor Decisions of Todd Margaret 2010 An energy drink marketed with poor success by Todd throughout the series.

Magical/fantasy beverages

In literature and print

Beverage Source Date of
first mention
Description and significance
Butterbeer Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban May 31, 2004 The drink of choice for younger wizards. Though House-elves can become intoxicated on butterbeer, there is a very small amount of alcohol in it, and humans are usually unaffected by it save for a feeling of "warmth". In the sixth book, Harry wonders what Ron and Hermione might do at Professor Slughorn's Christmas party "under the influence of Butterbeer", indicating that it can lower inhibitions, though presumably in very large amounts. J. K. Rowling said in her interview to Bon Appétit magazine that she imagines it "to taste a little bit like less-sickly butterscotch". Butterbeer can be served cold or hot but either way it has a warming effect. Butterbeer actually exists, and is for sale in The Wizarding World of Harry Potter at Universal's Islands of Adventure in Orlando, Florida.[28]
Ent-draught The Lord of the Rings An extremely invigorating drink of the tree-like Ents. Characters Merry and Pippin drink this while traveling with the Ents, which results in both characters growing taller.
Getafix's magic potion Asterix The magic potion the druid Getafix makes to give the villagers superhuman strength to fight the Romans.
Lacasa The Road to Oz "A sort of nectar famous in Oz and nicer to drink than soda-water or lemonade."
Nectar and Ambrosia Greek mythology Before
424 BC
In ancient Greek mythology, nectar is drunk by the gods, and ambrosia (αμβροσία, Greek: immortality) is sometimes the food, sometimes the drink, of the gods, often depicted as conferring ageless immortality upon whoever consumes it. Ambrosia was brought to the gods in Olympus by doves (Odyssey xii.62), so may have been thought of in the Homeric tradition as a kind of divine exhalation of the Earth.
Frobscottle The BFG A drink which tastes of vanilla and, in the BFG's words, "makes you whizzpop".

Fictional beverages later marketed

Some real-life beverages were created and marketed after appearing as fictional, as is the case with Duff Beer from the TV show The Simpsons. To promote The Simpsons Movie, convenience store 7-Eleven marketed a Duff-branded energy drink.

See also

References

  1. Robin Andersen, Jonathan Gray, Battleground: The Media (2008), p. 386.
  2. Toxic substances, semiotic forms: Towards a socio- and textual analysis of altered senses - Semiotica. Volume 2007, Issue 166, Pages 409–426, ISSN (Online) 1613-3692, ISSN (Print) 0037-1998, doi:10.1515/SEM.2007.064, August 2007
  3. Google Books, page excerpt {{https://books.google.com/books?id=RkZeR4-1O9EC&lpg=PT338&ots=nkuD8uXP9E&dq=spook%20country%20piso%20mojado&pg=PT338#v=onepage&q=spook%20country%20piso%20mojado&f=false}}
  4. http://wiki.lspace.org/mediawiki/Scumble
  5. 5.0 5.1 Eugene McNamara, "Laura" as Novel, Film, and Myth (1992), p. 10.
  6. Duane Swierczynski, The Big Book O' Beer: Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About the Greatest Beverage on Earth (2004), p. 182-83.
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  10. Barry Nalebuff, Ian Ayres, Why Not?: How to Use Everyday Ingenuity to Solve Problems Big and Small (2006), p. 168.
  11. Jonathan Gray, Watching with The Simpsons: television, parody, and intertextuality (2006), p. 80.
  12. "Married... with Children" And Bingo Was Her Game-O, IMDB (1995).
  13. Kara Newman, "Good Riddance, Glen McKenna: I'll miss How I Met Your Mother, but I won’t miss its stupid fake Scotch", Slate.com (March 16, 2014).
  14. Robert Kurson, The Official Three Stooges Encyclopedia (1999).
  15. Bjorklund, Dennis A. Toasting Cheers: An Episode Guide, 1982–1993. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co, 1997. 332. Google Books. Web. 21 May 2012. ISBN 978-0-89950-962-4.
  16. Silverstein, Clara. "Cheers". The Boston Chef's Table. Guilford, CO: The Globe Pequot Press, 2008. Google Books. Web. 20 May 2012.
  17. Script of SNL commercial.
  18. Michael Karol, Lucy A to Z (2004), p. 197,
  19. Karin Adir, The Great Clowns of American Television (2001), p. 12.
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  21. The Archers airs 15,000th episode, BBC News, 2012-10-20
  22. Adrenalode - Feed the Speed
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