Marginocephalia

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Marginocephalians
Temporal range: Late JurassicLate Cretaceous, 156–66 Ma
File:Triceratops 2.jpg
Skull of Triceratops horridus
Berlin Naturkundemuseum Dino Schaedel.jpg
Skull of Stygimoloch spinifer
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Clade: Dinosauria
Order: Ornithischia
Clade: Cerapoda
Clade: Marginocephalia
Sereno, 1986
Subgroups

See text.

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Marginocephalia ("fringed heads") is a clade of ornithischian dinosaurs that includes the thick-skulled pachycephalosaurids, and horned ceratopsians. They were all herbivores, walking on two or four legs, and are characterized by a bony ridge or frill at the back of the skull. The clade evolved in the Jurassic period, and became common in the Upper Cretaceous.

Classification

The cladogram below follows a 2009 analysis by Zheng and colleagues.[1]

Marginocephalia
Pachycephalosauria

Stenopelix



Wannanosaurus




Goyocephale




Homalocephale



Pachycephalosauridae





Ceratopsia

Micropachycephalosaurus



Chaoyangsaurus




Psittacosauridae


Neoceratopsia

Liaoceratops




Archaeoceratops




Leptoceratopsidae



Coronosauria








Cladogram after Butler et al., 2011.[2]

Marginocephalia
Pachycephalosauria

Wannanosaurus




Goyocephale




Homalocephale



Pachycephalosauridae





Ceratopsia

Micropachycephalosaurus



Chaoyangsaurus




Stenopelix



Yinlong





Psittacosauridae


Neoceratopsia

Liaoceratops




Archaeoceratops




Leptoceratopsidae



Coronosauria








References

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