Nitramide

Nitramine

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Names
Other names nitramide
Identifiers
CAS Number	7782-94-7 Y
ChEBI	CHEBI:29273 Y
ChemSpider	22941 Y
Jmol 3D model	Interactive image
PubChem	24534
InChI InChI=1S/H2N2O2/c1-2(3)4/h1H2 Y Key: SFDJOSRHYKHMOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y InChI=1/H2N2O2/c1-2(3)4/h1H2 Key: SFDJOSRHYKHMOK-UHFFFAOYAT
SMILES N[N+](=O)[O-]
Properties
Chemical formula	H2N2O2
Molar mass	62.03 g mol−1
Appearance	colourless solid
Melting point	72 to 75 °C (162 to 167 °F; 345 to 348 K)
Vapor pressure	{{{value}}}
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Nitramide, H₂NNO₂, is a chemical compound. Organyl derivatives of nitramide, RNHNO₂ are termed nitroamines, and are widely used as explosives: examples include RDX and HMX.

Structure

The nitramide molecule is reported to be non-planar in the gas phase, but planar in the crystal phase.

Synthesis

Thiele and Lachman's original synthesis of nitramide involved the hydrolysis of potassium nitrocarbamate:

K₂(O₂NNCO₂) + 2H₂SO₄ → O₂NNH₂ + CO₂ + 2KHSO₄

Other routes to nitramide include hydrolysis of nitrocarbamic acid,

O₂NNHCO₂H → O₂NNH₂ + CO₂

reaction of sodium sulfamate with nitric acid,

Na(SO₃NH₂) + HNO₃ → O₂NNH₂ + NaHSO₄

and reaction of dinitrogen pentoxide with two equivalents of ammonia.

N₂O₅ + 2NH₃ → O₂NNH₂ + NH₄NO₃